Biochemical Reaction Engineering and Process Development in Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment

2005 ◽  
pp. 49-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Aivasidis ◽  
Vasileios I. Diamantis
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Reaction Engineering ◽  
Biochemical Reaction ◽  
Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment

scholarly journals Metagenomics-guided analysis of microbial chemolithoautotrophic phosphite oxidation yields evidence of a seventh natural CO2fixation pathway

2017 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. E92-E101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel A. Figueroa ◽  
Tyler P. Barnum ◽  
Pranav Y. Somasekhar ◽  
Charlotte I. Carlström ◽  
Anna L. Engelbrektson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Model ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Autotrophic Growth ◽  
Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Natural Carbon ◽  
Environmental Relevance

Dissimilatory phosphite oxidation (DPO), a microbial metabolism by which phosphite (HPO32−) is oxidized to phosphate (PO43−), is the most energetically favorable chemotrophic electron-donating process known. Only one DPO organism has been described to date, and little is known about the environmental relevance of this metabolism. In this study, we used 16S rRNA gene community analysis and genome-resolved metagenomics to characterize anaerobic wastewater treatment sludge enrichments performing DPO coupled to CO2reduction. We identified an uncultivated DPO bacterium,CandidatusPhosphitivorax (Ca.P.) anaerolimi strain Phox-21, that belongs to candidate order GW-28 within theDeltaproteobacteria, which has no known cultured isolates. Genes for phosphite oxidation and for CO2reduction to formate were found in the genome ofCa.P. anaerolimi, but it appears to lack any of the known natural carbon fixation pathways. These observations led us to propose a metabolic model for autotrophic growth byCa.P. anaerolimi whereby DPO drives CO2reduction to formate, which is then assimilated into biomass via the reductive glycine pathway.

Comparison of two types of inocula during acclimation and stable operation for nitrophenol biodegradation in an anaerobic-aerobic SBR

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
A. Vargas ◽  
D. González ◽  
A. Estival ◽  
G. Buitrón
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Reaction Phase ◽  
Toxic Compound ◽  
Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Batch Bioreactors

This work presents a comparison of two inocula used for the acclimation of two anaerobic-aerobic sequencing batch bioreactors used for toxic wastewater treatment. The bioreactors were acclimated with different types of sludge: one coming from an anaerobic wastewater treatment plant and the other one from a conventional aerobic activated sludge plant. The model toxic compound was p-nitrophenol, which is reduced to p-aminophenol during the initial anaerobic phase of the reaction, and later mineralized during a posterior aerated reaction phase. Biodegradation of the compounds was monitored using UV/Vis spectrophotometry. After acclimation stabilization of the sludge and of the process was also monitored. Results show that there is no significant difference in acclimation times and stability of the process between the two employed inocula, and thus an originally anaerobic inoculum presents no apparent advantage over a more easily accessible aerobic one.

Possibilities and Potential of Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment Using Anaerobic Sludge Bed (ASB) Reactors

2001 ◽  
pp. 517-526
Author(s):  
Gatze Lettinga ◽  
Look W. Hulshoff Pol ◽  
Jules B. Van Lier ◽  
Grietje Zeeman
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment

Determination of the Maintenance Requirements of Activated Sludge

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chang ◽  
P. Chudoba ◽  
B. Capdeville
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Initial Biomass Concentration ◽  
Aerobic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Initial Substrate ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
The Cost

Maintenance energy plays an important role both in basic kinetic studies and in process development. Numerous studies have been devoted to the maintenance concept in various microbial fields but very few in biological wastewater treatment. Using a fermenter coupled to a mass spectrometer, we investigated the influence of the ratio So/Xo (ratio between initial substrate concentration and initial biomass concentration) on the observed sludge growth yield of an oxic-settling anaerobic (OSA) system. By measuring the substrate removed, the oxygen consumed and the carbon dioxide produced, we were able to estimate the substrate fraction used for maintenance purposes. The results indicate that at a high So/Xo ratio, a greater proportion of the substrate is devoted to maintenance thus significantly decreasing the observed growth yield. These findings are of particular importance in view of the cost associated with the disposal of excess sludge in aerobic wastewater treatment processes.

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