Oil Pollution in the Baltic

1982 ◽  
pp. 343-352
Author(s):  
E. Palosuo ◽  
V. Tervo ◽  
P. Tulkki
Keyword(s):  
Oil Pollution ◽  
The Baltic

scholarly journals Satellite Monitoring Systems for Shipping and Offshore Oil and Gas Industry in the Baltic Sea

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Kostianoy ◽  
E.V. Bulycheva ◽  
A.V. Semenov ◽  
A. Krainyukov
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Oil Rig

Abstract Shipping activities, oil production and transport in the sea, oil handled in harbors, construction and exploitation of offshore oil and gas pipelines have a number of negative impacts on the marine environment and coastal zone of the seas. In 2004-2014 we elaborated several operational satellite monitoring systems for oil and gas companies in Russia and performed integrated satellite monitoring of the ecological state of coastal waters in the Baltic, Black, Caspian, and Kara seas, which included observation of oil pollution, suspended matter, and algae bloom at a fully operational mode. These monitoring systems differ from the existing ones by the analysis of a wide spectrum of satellite, meteorological and oceanographic data, as well as by a numerical modeling of oil spill transformation and transport in real weather conditions. Our experience in the Baltic Sea includes: (1) integrated satellite monitoring of oil production at the LUKOIL-KMN Ltd. D-6 oil rig in the Southeastern Baltic Sea (Kravtsovskoe oil field) in 2004-2014; (2) integrated satellite monitoring of the “Nord Stream” underwater gas pipeline construction and exploitation in the Gulf of Finland (2010-2013); (3) numerical modeling of risks of oil pollution caused by shipping along the main maritime shipping routes in the Gulf of Finland, the Baltic Proper, and in the Southeastern Baltic Sea; (4) numerical modeling of risks of oil pollution caused by oil production at D-6 oil rig and oil transportation on shore via the connecting underwater oil pipeline.

scholarly journals Improving the forecasting of oil spills from underwater sources

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-117
Author(s):  
В.С. Наумов ◽  
А.Е. Пластинин ◽  
А.Н. Каленков ◽  
Н.С. Родина
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Environmental Harm ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Underwater Movement ◽  
The Baltic

При прогнозировании процессов всплытия нефти от подводных источников в условиях открытой воды существует необходимость получения информации в ускоренном временном режиме для эффективного планирования защитных мероприятий в целях минимизации вреда окружающей среде, что возможно достичь совместным применением методов вычислительной гидродинамики и математической статистики. В работе приведено описание усовершенствованной математической модели всплытия нефтепродуктов от подводных источников. В целях повышения функциональности ранее созданной авторами системы уравнений связи для оценки параметров области возможного всплытия нефти увеличен диапазон изменения одного из ключевых независимых факторов – глубина водоема. В качестве факторов рассматривались: время всплытия, площадь области всплытия нефти, скорость глубинных течений, объем и тип разлитого нефтепродукта, глубина водоема. Новая регрессионная модель прогноза подводного движения разлива нефти обеспечивает прогнозирование распространения нефтяного загрязнения на морских акваториях. Представлены результаты оценки качества разработанной регрессионной модели прогноза подводного движения разлива нефти при всплытии, которая позволяет выполнять оценку параметров области всплытия нефти с одновременным учетом процессов растекания и перемещения под действием глубинных течений. Разработана методика прогноза подводного движения разлива нефти и алгоритм ее практической реализации. Определены структуры входных и выходных данных алгоритма. Приведен пример практического применения модели в Балтийском море. When predicting the processes of oil surfacing from underwater sources in open water conditions, there is a need to obtain information in an accelerated time mode for effective planning of protective measures in order to minimize environmental harm, which can be achieved by the combined application of computational fluid dynamics and mathematical statistics. The paper describes an improved mathematical model for the emergence of oil products from underwater sources. In order to increase the functionality of the system of constraint equations previously created by the authors for assessing the parameters of the area of possible oil flooding, the range of variation of one of the key independent factors, the depth of the reservoir, has been increased. The factors considered were the ascent time, the area of the oil surfacing, the speed of deep currents, the volume and type of spilled oil product, and the depth of the reservoir. The new regression model for predicting the underwater movement of an oil spill provides for predicting the spread of oil pollution in offshore areas. The paper presents the results of assessing the quality of the developed regression model for predicting the underwater movement of an oil spill during ascent, which makes it possible to assess the parameters of the area of oil ascending while taking into account the processes of spreading and movement under the influence of deep currents. A method for predicting the underwater movement of an oil spill and an algorithm for its practical implementation have been developed. The structures of the input and output data of the algorithm are determined. An example of the practical application of the model in the Baltic Sea is given.

scholarly journals Optimal Planning of Pollution Emergency Response with Application of Navigational Risk Management

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucjan Gucma ◽  
Wiesław Juszkiewicz ◽  
Kinga Łazuga
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Optimal Planning ◽  
Marine Area ◽  
Unintentional Introduction ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract According to the HELCOM AIS, there are about 2,000 ships in the Baltic marine area at any given moment. The main environmental effects of shipping and other activities at sea include air pollution, illegal deliberate and accidental discharges of oil, hazardous substances and other wastes, and the unintentional introduction of invasive alien organisms via ships’ ballast water or hulls. Original oil pollution model and optimal allocation of response resources was proposed in the paper.

BioBind - Airborne clean-up of oil pollution at sea with biogenic oil binders

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 1431-1440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Siewert ◽  
Martin Powilleit ◽  
Fokke Saathoff
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Response System ◽  
Scale Field ◽  
Large Scale Field ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
The Baltic

ABSTRACT The success of oil spill response operations is mainly dependent on the response time and the weather and sea state conditions. That's where the research project “BioBind” is setting the focus: To develop an oil spill response system fast to apply and sea state independent. Within this project a network of eight different partners from universities, research institutes and medium sized companies work from summer 2011 to summer 2014. The paper provides an overview on the oil spill response research project “BioBind” and focuses on a large scale field experiment carried out in summer 2013 with the RV “E.M.Borgese” at the Baltic Sea.

NOVEL OIL-DEGRADING ALGAL-BACTERIAL ASSOCIATIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF OIL POLUTION IN THE BALTIC SEA

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 300185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Safonova ◽  
Swetlana König
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Flexible Response ◽  
Artificial Associations ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One ◽  
The Baltic

The stability of an ecosystem strongly depends on the biodiversity of its microorganisms population. The network of interactions between microorganisms provides a flexible response to various changes of the coenotic equilibrium. This equilibrium changes drastically if such a network is damaged by oil spills or any other kind of pollution, representing a danger to the existence of a whole ecosystem. Bioremediation is a method employing microorganisms to remove pollutants and to restore the ecology of populations. Understandably due to its nature, this approach is considered to be the most gentle and safe one what makes it very attractive. Our focus was to improve the efficiency of the treatment of oil pollution in the Baltic Sea. As a part of “BioBind” project, we aimed to create artificial associations of alkanotrophic bacteria and phototrophic partners (algae or cyanobacteria) and to use them as an effective tool for the removal of oil spills. In summer and winter 2011–2012, we isolated 157 strains of both algae and cyanobacteria and 199 bacteria. The samples were taken from four different places of the Baltic Sea in the areas of Rostock, St. Petersburg, Kiel and Sassnitz. After the screening, we have selected 19 strains of alkanotrophyc bacteria and 23 strains of green algae and cyanobacteria showing resistance to the pollutants. The screening was performed in media containing an oil, phenol and phenanthrene at low temperatures (4°C and 10°C) and different salt concentrations. All selected species of bacteria belonged to the genus Rhodococcus. Further selection was aimed at finding combinations of bacterial strains which show an increased degrading capacity and exceeding the one of the originally isolated microorganisms. As a result, we have selected associations with the degradation of crude oil (at the concentration of 2 g/L) with a degradation rate from 25% up to 35%. Furthermore, we have discovered that the presence of the phototrophic microorganisms in these associations resulted to a positive modest effect with regard to the efficiency of the system by several percent. Our result proves clearly the concept that bioremediation represents an effective mean to clean up oil spills. This is remarkable that the system also shows plasticity and can be improved by creating different variations of the microorganisms constituting it. Thus bioremedation provides scope for further development. The selected artificial associations can be recommended for the purification of oil pollution in the Baltic Sea.

scholarly journals Solutions for effective oil spill management in the south–eastern part of the Baltic Sea

Baltica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (special) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergej Suzdalev ◽  
Saulius Gulbinskas ◽  
Vadim Sivkov ◽  
Tatiana Bukanova
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
The South ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Oil Export ◽  
The Baltic

The Baltic Sea is facing exceptionally intensive marine traffic. Oil products in addition to other cargo types are being transported in this marine area. Therefore, the risk of potential oil pollution is very high. Although, the Baltic Sea has not experienced catastrophic oil spills, there have been spills causing serious environmental damage in the region. Construction of oil terminals and planned growth of Russian oil export through Baltic Sea ports along with the operation of large oil enterprises and oil drilling platforms make maritime safety a priority task for the Baltic Sea region. The publications collected in present Baltica Journal Special Issue set sights on the improvement of oil spill management in the South–Eastern Baltic Sea as well as stimulate the appearance of new transnational response agreements in the region.

Oil pollution in the Baltic

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
W.R.P. Bourne
Keyword(s):  
Oil Pollution ◽  
The Baltic
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