Introduction to Petroleum, Hydrocarbon, and Lipid Analysis

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Heinz Wilkes
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Lipid Analysis

Lipid analysis

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Christie ◽  
Xianlin Han
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Analysis

UPLC-Q-TOF/MS based Untargeted Metabolite and Lipid Analysis on Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Plasma Samples.

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasemin Taşcı ◽  
Rahime Bedir Fındık ◽  
Meryem Kuru Pekcan ◽  
Ozan Kaplan ◽  
Mustafa Çelebier
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Premature Ovarian Insufficiency ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Ovarian Insufficiency ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
And Control ◽  
Phenyl Alanine

Background: Metabolomics is one of the main areas to understand cellular process at molecular level by analyzing metabolites. In recent years metabolomics has been emerged as key tool to understand molecular basis of disease, find diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and develop new treatment opportunities and drug molecules. Objective: In this study, an untargeted metabolite and lipid analysis were performed to identify potential biomarkers on premature ovarian insufficiency plasma samples. 43 POI subject plasma samples were compared with 32 healthy subject plasma samples. Methods: Plasma samples were pooled and extracted using chloroform:methanol:water (3:3:1 v/v/v) mixture. Agilent 6530 LC/MS Q-TOF instrument equipped with ESI source was used for analysis. A C18 column (Agilent Zorbax 1.8 μM, 50 x 2.1 mm) was used for separation of metabolites and lipids. XCMS, an “R software” based freeware program, was used for peak picking, grouping and comparing the findings. Isotopologue Parameter Optimization (IPO) software was used in order to optimize XCMS parameters. The analytical methodology and data mining process were validated according to the literature. Results: 83 metabolite peaks and 213 lipid peaks were found to be in semi-quantitatively and statistically different (fold change >1.5, p <0.05) between the POI plasma samples and control subjects. Conclusion: According to the results, two groups were successfully separated through principal component analysis. Among the peaks, phenyl alanine, decanoyl-L-carnitine, 1-palmitoyllysophosphatidylcholine and PC(O-16:0/2:0) were identified through auto MS/MS and matched with human metabolome database and proposed as plasma biomarker for POI and monitoring the patients in treatment period.

scholarly journals Unravelling the process of petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation in different filter materials of constructed wetlands by stable isotope fractionation and labelling studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Watzinger ◽  
Melanie Hager ◽  
Thomas Reichenauer ◽  
Gerhard Soja ◽  
Paul Kinner
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Filter Material ◽  
Hydrocarbon Biodegradation ◽  
Stable Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Filter Materials

AbstractMaintaining and supporting complete biodegradation during remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated groundwater in constructed wetlands is vital for the final destruction and removal of contaminants. We aimed to compare and gain insight into biodegradation and explore possible limitations in different filter materials (sand, sand amended with biochar, expanded clay). These filters were collected from constructed wetlands after two years of operation and batch experiments were conducted using two stable isotope techniques; (i) carbon isotope labelling of hexadecane and (ii) hydrogen isotope fractionation of decane. Both hydrocarbon compounds hexadecane and decane were biodegraded. The mineralization rate of hexadecane was higher in the sandy filter material (3.6 µg CO2 g−1 day−1) than in the expanded clay (1.0 µg CO2 g−1 day−1). The microbial community of the constructed wetland microcosms was dominated by Gram negative bacteria and fungi and was specific for the different filter materials while hexadecane was primarily anabolized by bacteria. Adsorption / desorption of petroleum hydrocarbons in expanded clay was observed, which might not hinder but delay biodegradation. Very few cases of hydrogen isotope fractionation were recorded in expanded clay and sand & biochar filters during decane biodegradation. In sand filters, decane was biodegraded more slowly and hydrogen isotope fractionation was visible. Still, the range of observed apparent kinetic hydrogen isotope effects (AKIEH = 1.072–1.500) and apparent decane biodegradation rates (k = − 0.017 to − 0.067 day−1) of the sand filter were low. To conclude, low biodegradation rates, small hydrogen isotope fractionation, zero order mineralization kinetics and lack of microbial biomass growth indicated that mass transfer controlled biodegradation.

scholarly journals Lipid Metabolism Is Dysregulated before, during and after Pregnancy in a Mouse Model of Gestational Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7452
Author(s):  
Samuel Furse ◽  
Denise S. Fernandez-Twinn ◽  
Davide Chiarugi ◽  
Albert Koulman ◽  
Susan E. Ozanne
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Time Course ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Lipid Analysis ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
De Novo Lipogenesis ◽  
Analysis Tool

The aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that maternal lipid metabolism was modulated during normal pregnancy and that these modulations are altered in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We tested this hypothesis using an established mouse model of diet-induced obesity with pregnancy-associated loss of glucose tolerance and a novel lipid analysis tool, Lipid Traffic Analysis, that uses the temporal distribution of lipids to identify differences in the control of lipid metabolism through a time course. Our results suggest that the start of pregnancy is associated with several changes in lipid metabolism, including fewer variables associated with de novo lipogenesis and fewer PUFA-containing lipids in the circulation. Several of the changes in lipid metabolism in healthy pregnancies were less apparent or occurred later in dams who developed GDM. Some changes in maternal lipid metabolism in the obese-GDM group were so late as to only occur as the control dams’ systems began to switch back towards the non-pregnant state. These results demonstrate that lipid metabolism is modulated in healthy pregnancy and the timing of these changes is altered in GDM pregnancies. These findings raise important questions about how lipid metabolism contributes to changes in metabolism during healthy pregnancies. Furthermore, as alterations in the lipidome are present before the loss of glucose tolerance, they could contribute to the development of GDM mechanistically.

scholarly journals Finding Oxford’s medieval Jewry using organic residue analysis, faunal records and historical documents

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dunne ◽  
E. Biddulph ◽  
P. Manix ◽  
T. Gillard ◽  
H. Whelton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Analysis ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Fish Bone ◽  
Jewish Tradition ◽  
Organic Residue ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Dietary Laws ◽  
The City ◽  
Organic Residue Analysis

AbstractFood is often one of the most distinctive expressions of social, religious, cultural or ethnic groups. However, the archaeological identification of specific religious dietary practices, including the Jewish tradition of keeping kosher, associated with ritual food practices and taboos, is very rare. This is arguably one of the oldest known diets across the world and, for an observant Jew, maintaining dietary laws (known as Kashruth) is a fundamental part of everyday life. Recent excavations in the early medieval Oxford Jewish quarter yielded a remarkable assemblage of animal bones, marked by a complete absence of pig specimens and a dominance of kosher (permitted) birds, domestic fowl and goose. To our knowledge, this is the first identification of a Jewish dietary signature in British zooarchaeology, which contrasted markedly with the previous Saxon phase where pig bones were present in quantity and bird bones were barely seen. Lipid residue analysis of pottery from St Aldates showed that vessels from the possible Jewish houses were solely used to process ruminant carcass products, with an avoidance of pig product processing, correlating well with the faunal data. In contrast, lipid analysis of pottery from comparative assemblages from the previous Saxon phase at the site and a contemporaneous site in the city, The Queen’s College, shows that the majority of these vessels appear to have been used to process mixtures of both ruminant and non-ruminant (pig) products. Here, the combination of organic residue analysis, site excavation and animal and fish bone evidence was consistent with the presence of Jewish houses in eleventh- and twelfth-century St Aldates, Oxford, hitherto only suspected through documentary information. This is the first identification of specific religious dietary practices using lipid residue analysis, verifying that, at least 800 years ago, medieval Jewish Oxford communities practised dietary laws known as Kashruth.

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