Volume 2: Hydrocarbon Extraction

2015 ◽  
pp. 9-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Letinski ◽  
Roger C. Prince
Keyword(s):  
Hydrocarbon Extraction

Effect of Mechanical Pretreatment on Hydrocarbon Extraction from Concentrated Wet Hydrocarbon-Rich Microalga, Botryococcus braunii

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 1761-1770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun Tsutsumi ◽  
Yasuhiro Saito ◽  
Yohsuke Matsushita ◽  
Hideyuki Aoki
Keyword(s):  
Botryococcus Braunii ◽  
Mechanical Pretreatment ◽  
Hydrocarbon Extraction

scholarly journals Microbial Eukaryotes in Oil Sands Environments: Heterotrophs in the Spotlight

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Richardson ◽  
Joel B. Dacks
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Oil Sand ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Microbial Eukaryotes ◽  
Unconventional Oil ◽  
Hydrocarbon Extraction

Hydrocarbon extraction and exploitation is a global, trillion-dollar industry. However, for decades it has also been known that fossil fuel usage is environmentally detrimental; the burning of hydrocarbons results in climate change, and environmental damage during extraction and transport can also occur. Substantial global efforts into mitigating this environmental disruption are underway. The global petroleum industry is moving more and more into exploiting unconventional oil reserves, such as oil sands and shale oil. The Albertan oil sands are one example of unconventional oil reserves; this mixture of sand and heavy bitumen lying under the boreal forest of Northern Alberta represent one of the world’s largest hydrocarbon reserves, but extraction also requires the disturbance of a delicate northern ecosystem. Considerable effort is being made by various stakeholders to mitigate environmental impact and reclaim anthropogenically disturbed environments associated with oil sand extraction. In this review, we discuss the eukaryotic microbial communities associated with the boreal ecosystem and how this is affected by hydrocarbon extraction, with a particular emphasis on the reclamation of tailings ponds, where oil sands extraction waste is stored. Microbial eukaryotes, or protists, are an essential part of every global ecosystem, but our understanding of how they affect reclamation is limited due to our fledgling understanding of these organisms in anthropogenically hydrocarbon-associated environments and the difficulties of studying them. We advocate for an environmental DNA sequencing-based approach to determine the microbial communities of oil sands associated environments, and the importance of studying the heterotrophic components of these environments to gain a full understanding of how these environments operate and thus how they can be integrated with the natural watersheds of the region.

Design of a continuous milking bioreactor for non-destructive hydrocarbon extraction from Botryococcus braunii

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1833-1843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carola Griehl ◽  
Christian Kleinert ◽  
Christoph Griehl ◽  
Simone Bieler
Keyword(s):  
Botryococcus Braunii ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Hydrocarbon Extraction

Non-destructive hydrocarbon extraction from Botryococcus braunii BOT-22 (race B)

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 1453-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navid R. Moheimani ◽  
Hiroshi Matsuura ◽  
Makoto M. Watanabe ◽  
Michael A. Borowitzka
Keyword(s):  
Botryococcus Braunii ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Hydrocarbon Extraction

Antarctica and the World Park Approach: A Prescription for Change

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-167
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Cioppa
Keyword(s):  
Common Pool Resource ◽  
Common Pool ◽  
Nature Preserve ◽  
The World ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Hydrocarbon Extraction

The challenge of how best to manage the Antarctic is no small task. The fragility and unenforceability of the existing legal arrangement, coupled with the uncertainty of commercial mineral/hydrocarbon extraction and the need to protect an extremely fragile ecosystem, adds up to a series of dilemmas of immense proportion. This paper argues that the best solution for the continent is to make it into a World Park (or nature preserve). Viewing Antarctica as a common-pool resource, this paper outlines a specific set of normative elements that provide the foundation for a World Park Approach–an approach that offers equitable and environmentally sound solutions for both the continent and its suitors.

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