The Role of Epigenetic Dysregulation in Suicidal Behaviors

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-61
Author(s):  
Laura M. Fiori ◽  
Gustavo Turecki
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behaviors

The Relationship Between Domestic Partner Violence and Suicidal Behaviors in an Adult Community Sample: Examining Hope Agency and Pathways as Protective Factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1399-1412
Author(s):  
Edward C. Chang ◽  
Elizabeth A. Yu ◽  
Emma R. Kahle ◽  
Yifeng Du ◽  
Olivia D. Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Interactive Model ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Additional Variance

We examined an additive and interactive model involving domestic partner violence (DPV) and hope in accounting for suicidal behaviors in a sample of 98 community adults. Results showed that DPV accounted for a significant amount of variance in suicidal behaviors. Hope further augmented the prediction model and accounted for suicidal behaviors beyond DPV. Finally, we found that DPV significantly interacted with both dimensions of hope to further account for additional variance in suicidal behaviors above and beyond the independent effects of DPV and hope. Implications for the role of hope in the relationship between DPV and suicidal behaviors are discussed.

scholarly journals Suicidal Behaviors Among Ukrainian College Students: the Role of Substance Use, Religion, and Depression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Burlaka ◽  
Jun Sung Hong ◽  
Oleksii Serdiuk ◽  
Liudmyla Krupelnytska ◽  
Svitlana Paschenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors

scholarly journals PTSD and Suicidal Behaviors Amongst L'Aquila 2009 Earthquake Young Survivors

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Carmassi ◽  
Carlo Antonio Bertelloni ◽  
Valerio Dell'Oste ◽  
Chiara Luperini ◽  
Donatella Marazziti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Partial Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most frequent and severe psychiatric consequences of natural disasters, frequently associated with suicidality. The aim of this study was at examining the possible relationships between suicidal behaviors and full-blown or partial PTSD, in a sample of young earthquake survivors. The second aim was at investigating the specific role of PTSD symptoms on suicidality.Methods: A total of 475 young adults who survived the L'Aquila 2009 earthquake, one of the most severe Italian disasters of the last decades, were recruited and assessed after 21 months from the catastrophe. Participants were evaluated by two questionnaires assessing subthreshold psychopathology, the Trauma and Loss Spectrum Self-Report (TALS-SR) to investigate both full and partial PTSD, and two specific Mood Spectrum Self-Report (MOODS-SR) sub-domains exploring suicidality, namely suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.Results: The ensuing findings showed that suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were present, respectively, in 40 (8.4%) and 11 (2.3%) survivors. Rates of suicidal ideation were significantly more elevated in full-blown PTSD subjects (group 1), as compared with those suffering from partial (group 2) or no PTSD (group 3). Interestingly, group 2 subjects showed significantly more suicidal ideation than healthy individuals, and less than those of group 1, while the frequency of suicide attempts was similar across the three groups. Suicidal ideation was associated with higher scores in the following TALS-SR domains: grief-reactions, re-experiencing, avoidance and numbing, maladaptive coping, and personal characteristics/risk factor.Conclusions: The results of the present study support and extend previous findings on the role of PTSD symptoms in suicidality after a severe earthquake. However, as compared with available literature, they also highlight the significant impact of sub-threshold PTSD manifestations in increasing the suicide risk in survivors of a mass disaster.

Suicidal Behaviors Among Adolescents – The Role of School and Home Environment

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan El-Sayed Badr
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Weighting Factor ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Based ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Mental Health Programs

Abstract. Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of suicidal behaviors (ideation, planning, and attempts) among adolescents aged 13–16, and to identify psychosocial correlates of suicidal behaviors. Method: The 2010 Kuwait Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) cross-sectional study employed a two-stage cluster sample design targeting a representative sample of 2,672 students. A weighting factor was applied to make inferences to all students of the same age. Students' suicidal behaviors were the focus of this paper. Results: The prevalence rates of suicide ideation, planning, and attempts were 20.0% (95% CI = 18.5–21.6%), 14.0% (95% CI = 12.7–15.4%), and 18.1% (95% CI = 16.6–19.5%), respectively. About 26% of adolescents reported at least one suicidal behavior, while 8.5% experienced all three suicidal behaviors. Multivariate analysis revealed that girls, smoking, physical violence, feeling lonely, exposure to bullying at school, and having nonempathetic parents were significant correlates of the experience of suicidal behaviors among adolescents. Moreover, suicidal ideation stood out as a predictor of attempting suicide more than suicidal planning in both the total population and separately by gender. Conclusion: The prevalence of suicidal behaviors was alarmingly high among Kuwaiti adolescents. Adverse school and home environments strongly contributed to such behaviors. School-based mental health programs are necessary to reduce these life-threatening behaviors in Kuwait.

Social Modeling in the Transmission of Suicidality

Crisis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego de Leo ◽  
Travis Heller
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Population Exposure ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Social Modeling ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Harm

Abstract. Evidence from twin, adoption, and family studies suggests that there is strong aggregation of suicidal behaviors in some families. By comparison, the role of social modeling through peers has yet to be convincingly established. This paper uses data from four large studies (the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Suicidal Behaviour, the WHO/SUPRE-MISS, the CASE study, and the Queensland Suicide Register) to compare the effects of exposure to fatal and nonfatal suicidal behavior in family members and nonfamilial associates on the subsequent suicidal behavior of male and female respondents of different ages. Across all studies, we found that prior suicidal behaviors among respondents' social groups were more important predictors of suicidal behavior in the respondents themselves than previous research had indicated. Community-based suicide attempters in the WHO SUPRE-MISS had higher rates of exposure to prior suicide in nonfamilial associates than in family members. In an adolescent population, exposure to prior fatal suicidal behavior did not predict deliberate self-harm when exposure to nonfatal suicidal behavior (both familial and social) were controlled for, but exposure to nonfatal suicidal behaviors in family and friends was predictive of deliberate self-harm and suicide ideation, even after controlling for exposure to fatal suicidal behavior. The potential impact of “containment” of information regarding suicidal behaviors as a prevention initiative is discussed, in light of information behavior principles of social marketing.

Self-compassion and suicidal behaviors in fibromyalgia: Mediating role of health quality of life

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. McKinney ◽  
Kayla R. Mitchell ◽  
Danielle S. Molnar ◽  
Fuschia M. Sirois ◽  
Jameson K. Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Health Quality Of Life

FC13-03 - Stress, suicidal behaviour and genes

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1884-1884
Author(s):  
D. Wasserman ◽  
Y. Ben-Efraim ◽  
J. Wasserman ◽  
M. Sokolowski
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Genes And Environment ◽  
Hpa Axis Dysregulation ◽  
Systemic Stress ◽  
Suicide Behaviors ◽  
Hpa Axis Activity ◽  
Higher Brain Functions

According to a stress diathesis model, genes and environment, as well as possible interactions in-between (GxE), may result in vulnerability towards suicidal behaviors (SB), characterized by behavioral trigger endophenotypes such as increased depression-intensity and aggression/ anger/ impulsivity. Excessive stress has the potential to induce unfavorable effects in a variety of higher brain-functions, incurred as side effects to maladaptive responses in the genetically controlled stress-responsive neurosystems e.g. in the hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. HPA-axis dysregulation is regarded as an endophenotype of depression-, anxiety- and alcohol abuse disorders, commonly found also in suicide behaviors. Various neurobiological alterations, suggesting abnormal HPA-axis activity and reactivity, have also been demonstrated to occur in suicidal behaviors incl. completed suicides. The HPA axis is a major systemic stress-modulator being mainly controlled by the regulatory corticotrophin releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1) gene. An overview will be presented of the role of the HPA axis in suicidal behaviors with a focus on CRHR1 gene.

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