The Neuropharmacology of Impulsive Behaviour, an Update

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-22
Author(s):  
Tommy Pattij ◽  
Louk J. M. J. Vanderschuren
Keyword(s):  
Impulsive Behaviour

Linking perception of bodily states and cognitive control: the role of interoception in impulsive behaviour

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Baiano ◽  
Gabriella Santangelo ◽  
Vincenzo Paolo Senese ◽  
Gianluca Di Mauro ◽  
Giusy Lauro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Impulsive Behaviour ◽  
Bodily States

scholarly journals Resisting Everything except Temptation: Evidence and an Explanation for Domain–specific Impulsivity

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Tsukayama ◽  
Angela Lee Duckworth ◽  
Betty Kim
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Special Interest Groups ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Impulsive Behaviour ◽  
Report Measure

We propose a model of impulsivity that predicts both domain–general and domain–specific variance in behaviours that produce short–term gratification at the expense of long–term goals and standards. Specifically, we posit that domain–general impulsivity is explained by domain–general self–control strategies and resources, whereas domain–specific impulsivity is explained by how tempting individuals find various impulsive behaviours, and to a lesser extent, in perceptions of their long–term harm. Using a novel self–report measure, factor analyses produced six (non–exhaustive) domains of impulsive behaviour (Studies 1–2): work, interpersonal relationships, drugs, food, exercise and finances. Domain–general self–control explained 40% of the variance in domain–general impulsive behaviour between individuals, reffect = .71. Domain–specific temptation ( reffect = .83) and perceived harm ( reffect = −.26) explained 40% and 2% of the unique within–individual variance in impulsive behaviour, respectively (59% together). In Study 3, we recruited individuals in special interest groups (e.g. procrastinators) to confirm that individuals who are especially tempted by behaviours in their target domain are not likely to be more tempted in non–target domains. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Impulsivity and Eating Disorders

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Fahy ◽  
Ivan Eisler
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Treatment Trial ◽  
Eating Disturbance ◽  
Distinct Subgroup ◽  
Impulsive Behaviour ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
One Year ◽  
Poor Treatment Response

Sixty-seven patients with bulimia nervosa and 29 patients with anorexia nervosa completed the Impulsiveness Questionnaire and questionnaires detailing severity of eating disorder. Bulimic patients had higher impulsivity scores than anorexic patients. Bulimics with high impulsivity scores did not have more severe eating disorders than low scorers. When 39 bulimics and 25 anorexics were interviewed about other impulsive behaviour, 51 % of bulimics and 28% of anorexics reported at least one other impulsive behaviour. Patients with so-called ‘multiimpulsive’ bulimia reported more severe eating disturbance, but this was not reflected on more reliable measures of symptoms. Thirty-nine bulimics entered an eight-week treatment trial and their progress was assessed at eight weeks, 16 weeks and one year. ‘Non-impulsive’ bulimics had a more rapid response than ‘impulsives' during treatment, but there was no difference at follow-up. There was no evidence of an association between high impulsivity trait scores and poor treatment response. It is concluded that impulsivity may shape the expression of eating disorders, but that ‘multi-impulsives' do not constitute a categorically distinct subgroup of bulimics.

Blacked-Out Violent Impulsive Behaviour Questionnaire

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Vignau ◽  
Marion Soichot ◽  
Michel Imbenotte ◽  
Marie-Claudine Jacquemont ◽  
Thierry Danel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impulsive Behaviour

scholarly journals Building Resilience by Becoming a Circus Artist

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Van Es ◽  
Els Rommes ◽  
Leontien De Kwaadsteniet
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Refugee Youth ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Physical Support ◽  
Impulsive Behaviour

Abstract Due to the traumatic events they may have experienced, refugee youth are vulnerable to mental health problems. Social Circus is a psycho-social intervention that aims to enhance resilience by promoting self-esteem, interpersonal trust and social support through classes in circus arts. To explore these effects on refugee youth, a qualitative study was conducted in south-east Turkey. Semi-structured interviews and participative observations revealed that circus classes offered participants structure and a new purpose in life. Participating youth became more active, while impulsive behaviour decreased. Experiencing success through visible progress and holding the positively valued position of a circus artist seemed to contribute to the children’s self-esteem. In addition, the mental and physical support received during circus classes could increase interpersonal trust. By creating opportunities for social interaction and building relationships, Social Circus may also promote social support. This study provides preliminary evidence that Social Circus may enhance resilience in refugee youth.

scholarly journals Conquering the inner couch potato: precommitment is an effective strategy to enhance motivation for effortful actions

2018 ◽  
Vol 374 (1766) ◽  
pp. 20180131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Studer ◽  
Carolin Koch ◽  
Stefan Knecht ◽  
Tobias Kalenscher
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Small Reward ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Choice Behaviour ◽  
Impulsive Behaviour ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Regulatory Measure

Letting effort-free gratification derail us from effort-requiring goals is one reason why we fail to realize health-relevant intentions like ‘exercise regularly’. We tested the effectiveness of the self-control strategy precommitment in such effort-related conflicts, using a novel laboratory choice paradigm, where participants could precommit to an effort-requiring large reward by pre-eliminating an effort-free small reward from their choice set. Our participants used precommitment frequently and effectively, such that they reached effort-requiring large rewards more often. Using computational modelling and Bayesian model comparisons, we assessed whether participants employed precommitment to avoid anticipated willpower failures (i.e. as a self-regulatory measure) or to maximize their motivation to choose the effort-requiring option (i.e. as a self-motivational measure). Observed choices and precommitment decisions were consistent with the motivation maximization hypothesis, but not the willpower hypothesis. Our findings show that offering precommitment is effective in helping individuals optimize their motivation and choice behaviour and thereby achieve effort-requiring goals, and strongly encourage application of precommitment schemes in exercise and rehabilitation interventions. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Risk taking and impulsive behaviour: fundamental discoveries, theoretical perspectives and clinical implications’.

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