Activators of α7 nAChR as Potential Therapeutics for Cognitive Impairment

2020 ◽  
pp. 209-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohai Wang ◽  
Ian M. Bell ◽  
Jason M. Uslaner
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Α7 Nachr ◽  
Potential Therapeutics

Enriched environment alleviates post-stroke cognitive impairment through enhancing α7-nAChR expression in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 603-610
Author(s):  
Mei YUAN ◽  
Xin-Xin ZHANG ◽  
Xiao-Cui FU ◽  
Xia BI
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Enriched Environment ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Α7 Nachr

ABSTRACT Background: Enriched environment (EE) is a simple and effective intervention to improve cognitive function in post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI), partly due to the rebalancing of the cholinergic signaling pathway in the hippocampus. α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) is a cholinergic receptor whose activation inhibits inflammation and promotes the recovery of neurological function in PSCI patients. However, it is still unclear whether EE can regulate α7-nAChR and activate the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) in PSCI. Objective: To investigate the effects of EE on cognitive impairment, and the role of α7-nAChR in PSCI. Methods: A PSCI rat model was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) and were reared in standard environment (SE) or EE for 28d, control group with sham surgery. Cognitive function was determined by Morris water maze test. The long-term potentiation (LTP) was assessed by Electrophysiology. Histopathological methods were used to determine infarct volume, α7-nAChR expression and the cytokines and cholinergic proteins expression. Results: Compared with SE group, rats in EE group had better cognitive function, higher expression of α7-nAChR positive neurons in hippocampal CA1 region. In addition, EE attenuated unfavorable changes induced by MCAO/R in cytokines and cholinergic proteins, and also enhanced LTP promoted by nicotine and attenuated by α-BGT; but showed no significantly difference in infarct volume. Conclusions: EE markedly improves cognitive impairment and enhances neuroplasticity in PSCI rats, which may be closely related to enhancement of α7-nAChR expression.

Water‐soluble variant of human Lynx1 positively modulates synaptic plasticity and ameliorates cognitive impairment associated with α7‐nAChR dysfunction

2020 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakhar O. Shenkarev ◽  
Mikhail A. Shulepko ◽  
Maxim L. Bychkov ◽  
Dmitrii S. Kulbatskii ◽  
Olga V. Shlepova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Α7 Nachr

“Subcortical” cognitive impairment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 821-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELIZABETH LERITZ ◽  
JASON BRANDT ◽  
MELISSA MINOR ◽  
FRANCES REIS-JENSEN ◽  
MICHELLE PETRI
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Systemic Lupus

Toward Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Hispanic and African American Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Valarie B. Fleming ◽  
Joyce L. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
Education Management ◽  
African American Adults

Across the breadth of acquired neurogenic communication disorders, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may go undetected, underreported, and untreated. In addition to stigma and distrust of healthcare systems, other barriers contribute to decreased identification, healthcare access, and service utilization for Hispanic and African American adults with MCI. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have significant roles in prevention, education, management, and support of older adults, the population must susceptible to MCI.

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