Oxytocin Signaling in the Early Life of Mammals: Link to Neurodevelopmental Disorders Associated with ASD

2017 ◽  
pp. 239-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Françoise Muscatelli ◽  
Michel G. Desarménien ◽  
Valery Matarazzo ◽  
Valery Grinevich
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Early Life

scholarly journals Interneuronopathies and their role in early life epilepsies and neurodevelopmental disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Maria Katsarou ◽  
Solomon L. Moshé ◽  
Aristea S. Galanopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Early Life

scholarly journals Developmental milestones in early childhood and genetic liability to neurodevelopmental disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Laurie J. Hannigan ◽  
Ragna Bugge Askeland ◽  
Helga Ask ◽  
Martin Tesli ◽  
Elizabeth Corfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Developmental Milestones ◽  
Genetic Liability ◽  
Developmental Milestone ◽  
Polygenic Scores ◽  
Children First

Abstract Background Timing of developmental milestones, such as age at first walking, is associated with later diagnoses of neurodevelopmental disorders. However, its relationship to genetic risk for neurodevelopmental disorders in the general population is unknown. Here, we investigate associations between attainment of early-life language and motor development milestones and genetic liability to autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and schizophrenia. Methods We use data from a genotyped sub-set (N = 25699) of children in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). We calculate polygenic scores (PGS) for autism, ADHD, and schizophrenia and predict maternal reports of children's age at first walking, first words, and first sentences, motor delays (18 months), and language delays and a generalised measure of concerns about development (3 years). We use linear and probit regression models in a multi-group framework to test for sex differences. Results We found that ADHD PGS were associated with earlier walking age (β = −0.033, padj < 0.001) in both males and females. Additionally, autism PGS were associated with later walking (β = 0.039, padj = 0.006) in females only. No robust associations were observed for schizophrenia PGS or between any neurodevelopmental PGS and measures of language developmental milestone attainment. Conclusions Genetic liabilities for neurodevelopmental disorders show some specific associations with the age at which children first walk unsupported. Associations are small but robust and, in the case of autism PGS, differentiated by sex. These findings suggest that early-life motor developmental milestone attainment is associated with genetic liability to ADHD and autism in the general population.

scholarly journals Early Life Programming and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy L. Bale ◽  
Tallie Z. Baram ◽  
Alan S. Brown ◽  
Jill M. Goldstein ◽  
Thomas R. Insel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Programming

scholarly journals Population-level asymmetry of the cerebral cortex: reproducibility, lifespan changes, heritability, and individual differences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M Roe ◽  
Didac Vidal-Pineiro ◽  
Inge K Amlien ◽  
Mengyu Pan ◽  
Markus H Sneve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Brain Organization ◽  
Developmental Mechanisms ◽  
Cortical Asymmetry

Cortical asymmetry is a ubiquitous feature of brain organization that is altered in neurodevelopmental disorders and aging. Achieving consensus on cortical asymmetries in humans is necessary to uncover the genetic-developmental mechanisms that shape them and factors moderating cortical lateralization. Here, we delineate population-level asymmetry in cortical thickness and surface area vertex-wise in 7 datasets and chart asymmetry trajectories across life (4-89 years; observations = 3937; 70% longitudinal). We reveal asymmetry interrelationships, heritability, and test associations in UK Biobank (N=~37,500). Cortical asymmetry was robust across datasets. Whereas areal asymmetry is predominantly stable across life, thickness asymmetry grows in development and declines in aging. Areal asymmetry correlates in specific regions, whereas thickness asymmetry is globally interrelated across cortex and suggests high directional variability in global thickness lateralization. Areal asymmetry is moderately heritable (max h2SNP ~19%), and phenotypic correlations are reflected by high genetic correlations, whereas heritability of thickness asymmetry is low. Finally, we detected an asymmetry association with cognition and confirm recently-reported handedness links. Results suggest areal asymmetry is developmentally stable and arises in early life, whereas developmental changes in thickness asymmetry may lead to directional variability of global thickness lateralization. Our results bear enough reproducibility to serve as a standard for future brain asymmetry studies.

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