Social Odors: Alarm Pheromones and Social Buffering

2015 ◽  
pp. 47-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Kiyokawa
Keyword(s):  
Social Buffering ◽  
Alarm Pheromones ◽  
Social Odors

Identification and isolation of human alarm pheromones

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilianne R. Mujica-Parodi ◽  
Helmut Strey
Keyword(s):  
Alarm Pheromones

scholarly journals Convergent neuroendocrine mechanisms of social buffering and stress contagion

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 104933
Author(s):  
Natanja F. Peen ◽  
Natalia Duque-Wilckens ◽  
Brian C. Trainor
Keyword(s):  
Social Buffering ◽  
Neuroendocrine Mechanisms

Potential alarm pheromones from the Mediterranean opisthobranch Scaphander lignarius

1989 ◽  
Vol 30 (37) ◽  
pp. 5003-5004 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cimino ◽  
A. Spinella ◽  
G. Sodano
Keyword(s):  
Alarm Pheromones ◽  
The Mediterranean

Behavioral responses of honey bees, Apis cerana and Apis mellifera, to Vespa mandarinia marking and alarm pheromones

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly McClenaghan ◽  
Marcel Schlaf ◽  
Megan Geddes ◽  
Joshua Mazza ◽  
Grace Pitman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Alarm Pheromones

Alarm Pheromones of Insects

2006 ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Hooper E. Hooper ◽  
J. A. Pickett
Keyword(s):  
Alarm Pheromones

scholarly journals In utero behavioral imprinting to predation risk in pups of the bank vole

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorbjörn Sievert ◽  
Arjane Kerkhoven ◽  
Marko Haapakoski ◽  
Kevin D. Matson ◽  
Olga Ylönen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Bank Vole ◽  
Alarm Pheromone ◽  
Predator Odor ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Alarm Pheromones ◽  
Mustela Nivalis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Generational Effects

Abstract In the predator–prey arms race, survival-enhancing adaptive behaviors are essential. Prey can perceive predator presence directly from visual, auditory, or chemical cues. Non-lethal encounters with a predator may trigger prey to produce special body odors, alarm pheromones, informing conspecifics about predation risks. Recent studies suggest that parental exposure to predation risk during reproduction affects offspring behavior cross-generationally. We compared behaviors of bank vole (Myodes glareolus) pups produced by parents exposed to one of three treatments: predator scent from the least weasel (Mustela nivalis nivalis); scent from weasel-exposed voles, i.e., alarm pheromones; or a control treatment without added scents. Parents were treated in semi-natural field enclosures, but pups were born in the lab and assayed in an open-field arena. Before each behavioral test, one of the three scent treatments was spread throughout the test arena. The tests followed a full factorial design (3 parental treatments × 3 area treatments). Regardless of the parents’ treatment, pups exposed to predator odor in the arena moved more. Additionally, pups spend more time in the center of the arena when presented with predator odor or alarm pheromone compared with the control. Pups from predator odor–exposed parents avoided the center of the arena under control conditions, but they spent more time in the center when either predator odor or alarm pheromone was present. Our experiment shows that cross-generational effects are context-sensitive, depending on the perceived risk. Future studies should examine cross-generational behavioral effects in ecologically meaningful environments instead of only neutral ones. Significance statement We exposed bank voles to odors signaling predation risk to assess the effects parental predation exposure on the behavior of their offspring. Besides predator odor, we also assessed the role of a conspecific alarm cue as a novel way of spreading the predation risk information. Pup behaviors were assessed in the open-field arena, a standard way of assessing animal behavior in a wide range of contexts. We found that also alarm pheromone increased the time pups spend in the center of the arena similarly to predator odor. While previous studies suggested that offspring would be more fearful, our results indicate that the cross-generational effects are very context-dependent; i.e., they differ significantly depending on which scent cue is presented in the open-field arena. This shows the need for better tools or measurements to translate laboratory results into ecologically meaningful frameworks.

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