Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Aging and Dementia: Detection of Age-Related Cognitive Changes and Prediction of Cognitive Decline

2011 ◽  
pp. 113-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Woodard ◽  
Michael A. Sugarman
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals An individualized fMRI-based protocol to assess semantic memory in a heterogeneous multilingual population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magali Perquin ◽  
Shivakumar Viswanathan ◽  
Michel Vaillant ◽  
Okka Risius ◽  
Laetitia Huiart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Semantic Memory ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Age Related

AbstractThe cognitive stimulation induced by multilingualism may slow down age-related memory impairment. However, a suitable neuroscientific framework to assess the influence of multilingualism on age-related memory processes is missing. We propose an experimental paradigm that assesses semantic memory processes using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). To this end, we modified the picture-word interference (PWI) task to be suitable for multilingual subjects undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In particular, stimulus material was prepared in multiple languages and closely matched in semantic properties, thus enabling participants to perform the experiment in a language of their choice. This paradigm was validated in a group (n = 62) of healthy elderly (≥64 years) multilingual subjects, all practicing three or more languages. Consistent with the engagement of semantic memory processes, we found that the encoding and recognition of semantically related vs. unrelated picture-word pairs evoked robust differences in behavior and the neural activity of parietal-temporal networks. These effects were not modulated by the language in which the task was performed. Based on this validation in a multilingual population, we conclude that the proposed paradigm will allow future studies to evaluate whether multilingualism aptitude engages neural systems in a manner that protects long-term memory from aging-related decline.

Refreshing One of Several Active Representations: Behavioral and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Differences between Young and Older Adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 852-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol L. Raye ◽  
Karen J. Mitchell ◽  
John A. Reeder ◽  
Erich J. Greene ◽  
Marcia K. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Irrelevant Information ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Age Related

We explored age-related differences in executive function during selection of a target from among active representations. Refreshing (thinking briefly of a just-activated representation) is an executive process that foregrounds a target relative to other active representations. In a behavioral study, participants saw one or three words, then saw a cue to refresh one of the words, saw one word again and read it, or read a new word. Increasing the number of active representations increased response times (RTs) only in the refresh condition for young adults but increased RTs equally in all conditions for older adults, suggesting that they experienced interference from activated irrelevant information during perception and reflection. Consistent with this interpretation, in a functional magnetic resonance imaging study, young adults showed two areas of the left dorsolateral frontal cortex and a medial area of frontal cortex, including anterior cingulate, that were relatively more sensitive to number of active representations during refresh than read trials; for older adults these areas were equally sensitive to number of active items for refresh and read trials. Young and older adults showed activity associated with refreshing on trials requiring selection in left mid-ventral frontal cortex (an area associated with selection from active representations); older adults also showed activity in left anterior ventral frontal cortex (an area associated with controlled semantic activation). Our results support the hypothesis of an age-related decrease in ability to gate out activated but currently irrelevant information, and are consistent with a dissociation of function between eft mid-ventral and left anterior ventral frontal cortex.

Age related signal decrease in functional magnetic resonance imaging during motor stimulation in humans

2001 ◽  
Vol 308 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Hesselmann ◽  
Olivier Zaro Weber ◽  
Christoph Wedekind ◽  
Timo Krings ◽  
Oliver Schulte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Age Related
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