Animal Models of Epigenetic Regulation in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

2011 ◽  
pp. 281-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chas Bountra ◽  
Udo Oppermann ◽  
Tom D. Heightman
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Reductionist thinking and animal models in neuropsychiatric research

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Baran
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Developmental Genetic ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Mechanisms Of Plasticity

AbstractReductionist thinking in neuroscience is manifest in the widespread use of animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders. Broader investigations of diverse behaviors in non-model organisms and longer-term study of the mechanisms of plasticity will yield fundamental insights into the neurobiological, developmental, genetic, and environmental factors contributing to the “massively multifactorial system networks” which go awry in mental disorders.

scholarly journals Aberrant Hepatic Methionine Metabolism and Gene Methylation in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. Halsted ◽  
Valentina Medici
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Methionine Metabolism ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Gene Methylation ◽  
Alcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Methionine Cycle

The pathogenesis of alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) involves ethanol-induced aberrations in hepatic methionine metabolism that decrease levels of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), a compound which regulates the synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione and is the principal methyl donor in the epigenetic regulation of genes relevant to liver injury. The present paper describes the effects of ethanol on the hepatic methionine cycle, followed by evidence for the central role of reduced SAM in the pathogenesis of ASH according to clinical data and experiments in ethanol-fed animals and in cell models. The efficacy of supplemental SAM in the prevention of ASH in animal models and in the clinical treatment of ASH will be discussed.

Mouse Models of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder

2013 ◽  
pp. 287-300
Author(s):  
Mikhail V. Pletnikov ◽  
Christopher A. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Environmental Interventions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Genetic Mouse Models

Despite the recent advances in research into schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, the neurobiology of these maladies remains poorly understood. Animal models can be instrumental in elucidating the underlying mechanisms of neuropsychiatric disorders. Early animal models of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder used lesion methods, pharmacologic challenges or environmental interventions to mimic pathogenic features of the diseases. The recent progress in genetics has stimulated the development of etiological models that have begun to provide insight into pathogenesis. In this review, we evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the existing genetic mouse models of schizophrenia and discuss potential developments for the future.

Obesity: epigenetic regulation – recent observations

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene Remely ◽  
Ana Laura de la Garza ◽  
Ulrich Magnet ◽  
Eva Aumueller ◽  
Alexander G. Haslberger
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Transgenerational Inheritance ◽  
Obesity Gene ◽  
Epigenetic Modifiers ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

AbstractGenetic and environmental factors, especially nutrition and lifestyle, have been discussed in the literature for their relevance to epidemic obesity. Gene-environment interactions may need to be understood for an improved understanding of the causes of obesity, and epigenetic mechanisms are of special importance. Consequences of epigenetic mechanisms seem to be particularly important during certain periods of life: prenatal, postnatal and intergenerational, transgenerational inheritance are discussed with relevance to obesity. This review focuses on nutrients, diet and habits influencing intergenerational, transgenerational, prenatal and postnatal epigenetics; on evidence of epigenetic modifiers in adulthood; and on animal models for the study of obesity.

scholarly journals Perinatal Nutrition and Programmed Risk for Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Focus on Animal Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madison DeCapo ◽  
Jacqueline R. Thompson ◽  
Geoffrey Dunn ◽  
Elinor L. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Perinatal Nutrition
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