Long-Term Intravital Imaging of the Cornea, Skin, and Hair Follicle by Multiphoton Microscope

2019 ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Yueh-Feng Wu ◽  
Hsin-Yuan Tan ◽  
Sung-Jan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Intravital Imaging

scholarly journals Assessment of Prolonged Dengue Virus Infection in Dermal Fibroblasts and Hair-Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Kai-Che Wei ◽  
Wan-Ju Wei ◽  
Yi-Shan Liu ◽  
Li-Chen Yen ◽  
Tsung-Hsien Chang
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Type I ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells

Dengue virus (DENV)-mediated hair loss is one of the post-dengue fatigue syndromes and its pathophysiology remains unknown. Whether long-term or persistent infection with DENV in the scalp results in hair loss is unclear. In this study, we cultured human dermal fibroblasts (WS1 cells) and primary human hair-follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs) in the long term with DENV-2 infection. The production of virion, the expression of inflammatory and anti-virus genes, and their signaling transduction activity in the infected cells were analyzed. DENV-2 NS3 protein and DENV-2 5′ UTR RNA were detected in fibroblasts and HFDPCs that were subjected to long-term infection with DENV-2 for 33 days. A significant amount of DENV-2 virion was produced by both WS1 cells and HFDPCs in the first two days of acute infection. The virion was also detected in WS1 cells that were infected in the long term, but HFDPCs failed to produce DENV-2 after long-term culture. Type I and type III interferons, and inflammatory cytokines were highly expressed in the acute phase of DENV infection in HFPDC and WS1 cells. However, in the long-term cultured cells, modest levels of anti-viral protein genes were expressed and we observed reduced signaling activity, which was correlated with the level of virus production changes. Long-term infection of DENV-2 downregulated the expression of hair growth regulatory factors, such as Rip1, Wnt1, and Wnt4. This in vitro study shows that the long-term infection with DENV-2 in dermal fibroblasts and dermal papilla cells may be involved with the prolonged-DENV-infection-mediated hair loss of post-dengue fatigue syndrome. However, direct evidence for viral replication in the human hair of a dengue victim or animal infection model is required.

scholarly journals FOXC1 maintains the hair follicle stem cell niche and governs stem cell quiescence to preserve long-term tissue-regenerating potential

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (11) ◽  
pp. E1506-E1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Lay ◽  
Tsutomu Kume ◽  
Elaine Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Hair Cycle ◽  
Forkhead Box ◽  
Stem Cell Quiescence ◽  
Hair Follicle Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Niche

Adult tissue stem cells (SCs) reside in niches, which orchestrate SC behavior. SCs are typically used sparingly and exist in quiescence unless activated for tissue growth. Whether parsimonious SC use is essential to conserve long-term tissue-regenerating potential during normal homeostasis remains poorly understood. Here, we examine this issue by conditionally ablating a key transcription factor Forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) expressed in hair follicle SCs (HFSCs). FOXC1-deficient HFSCs spend less time in quiescence, leading to markedly shortened resting periods between hair cycles. The enhanced hair cycling accelerates HFSC expenditure, and impacts hair regeneration in aging mice. Interestingly, although FOXC1-deficient HFs can still form a new bulge that houses HFSCs for the next hair cycle, the older bulge is left unanchored. As the new hair emerges, the entire old bulge, including its reserve HFSCs and SC-inhibitory inner cell layer, is lost. We trace this mechanism first, to a marked increase in cell cycle-associated transcripts upon Foxc1 ablation, and second, to a downstream reduction in E-cadherin–mediated inter-SC adhesion. Finally, we show that when the old bulge is lost with each hair cycle, overall levels of SC-inhibitory factors are reduced, further lowering the threshold for HFSC activity. Taken together, our findings suggest that HFSCs have restricted potential in vivo, which they conserve by coupling quiescence to adhesion-mediated niche maintenance, thereby achieving long-term tissue homeostasis.

scholarly journals Embryonic attenuated Wnt/β-catenin signaling defines niche location and long-term stem cell fate in hair follicle

eLife ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zijian Xu ◽  
Wenjie Wang ◽  
Kaiju Jiang ◽  
Zhou Yu ◽  
Huanwei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Hair Follicle Stem Cells ◽  
Follicle Stem Cells

Long-term adult stem cells sustain tissue regeneration throughout the lifetime of an organism. They were hypothesized to originate from embryonic progenitor cells that acquire long-term self-renewal ability and multipotency at the end of organogenesis. The process through which this is achieved often remains unclear. Here, we discovered that long-term hair follicle stem cells arise from embryonic progenitor cells occupying a niche location that is defined by attenuated Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Hair follicle initiation is marked by placode formation, which depends on the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Soon afterwards, a region with attenuated Wnt/β-catenin signaling emerges in the upper follicle. Embryonic progenitor cells residing in this region gain expression of adult stem cell markers and become definitive long-term hair follicle stem cells at the end of organogenesis. Attenuation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a prerequisite for hair follicle stem cell specification because it suppresses Sox9, which is required for stem cell formation.

scholarly journals Isolation and Long-Term Culture of Human Hair-Follicle Melanocytes

1995 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond J. Tobin ◽  
Stephen R. Colen ◽  
Jean-Claude Bystryn
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Human Hair Follicle ◽  
Long Term Culture

The role of hair follicle nestin-expressing stem cells during whisker sensory-nerve growth in long-term 3D culture

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (7) ◽  
pp. 1674-1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumiyuki Mii ◽  
Jennifer Duong ◽  
Yasunori Tome ◽  
Aisada Uchugonova ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Nerve Growth

scholarly journals Investigating PEGDA and GelMA Microgel Models for Sustained 3D Heterotypic Dermal Papilla and Keratinocyte Co-Cultures

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 2143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin J.Y. Tan ◽  
Duc-Viet Nguyen ◽  
John E. Common ◽  
Chunyong Wu ◽  
Paul C.L. Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Glycol Diacrylate ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
Culture Models ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Hair follicle morphogenesis is heavily dependent on reciprocal, sequential, and epithelial-mesenchymal interaction (EMI) between epidermal stem cells and the specialized cells of the underlying mesenchyme, which aggregate to form the dermal condensate (DC) and will later become the dermal papilla (DP). Similar models were developed with a co-culture of keratinocytes and DP cells. Previous studies have demonstrated that co-culture with keratinocytes maintains the in vivo characteristics of the DP. However, it is often challenging to develop three-dimensional (3D) DP and keratinocyte co-culture models for long term in vitro studies, due to the poor intercellular adherence between keratinocytes. Keratinocytes exhibit exfoliative behavior, and the integrity of the DP and keratinocyte co-cultured spheroids cannot be maintained over prolonged culture. Short durations of culture are unable to sufficiently allow the differentiation and re-programming of the keratinocytes into hair follicular fate by the DP. In this study, we explored a microgel array approach fabricated with two different hydrogel systems. Using poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), we compare their effects on maintaining the integrity of the cultures and their expression of important genes responsible for hair follicle morphogenesis, namely Wnt10A, Wnt10B, and Shh, over prolonged duration. We discovered that low attachment surfaces such as PEGDA result in the exfoliation of keratinocytes and were not suitable for long-term culture. GelMA, on the hand, was able to sustain the integrity of co-cultures and showed higher expression of the morphogens overtime.

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