Smoothened, Stem Cell Maintenance and Brain Diseases

2014 ◽  
pp. 147-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martial Ruat ◽  
Hélène Faure ◽  
Mathieu Daynac
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Cell Maintenance

scholarly journals TAp63 Prevents Premature Aging by Promoting Adult Stem Cell Maintenance

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Su ◽  
Maryline Paris ◽  
Young Jin Gi ◽  
Kenneth Y. Tsai ◽  
Min Soon Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Adult Stem Cell ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Cell Maintenance

scholarly journals The Role of Ubiquitination in Regulating Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Cancer Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian Wang ◽  
Fan Bu ◽  
Weiwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Substrate Protein ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzymes ◽  
Cell Maintenance

Ubiquitination regulates nearly every aspect of cellular events in eukaryotes. It modifies intracellular proteins with 76-amino acid polypeptide ubiquitin (Ub) and destines them for proteolysis or activity alteration. Ubiquitination is generally achieved by a tri-enzyme machinery involving ubiquitin activating enzymes (E1), ubiquitin conjugating enzymes (E2) and ubiquitin ligases (E3). E1 activates Ub and transfers it to the active cysteine site of E2 via a transesterification reaction. E3 coordinates with E2 to mediate isopeptide bond formation between Ub and substrate protein. The E1-E2-E3 cascade can create diverse types of Ub modifications, hence effecting distinct outcomes on the substrate proteins. Dysregulation of ubiquitination results in severe consequences and human diseases. There include cancers, developmental defects and immune disorders. In this review, we provide an overview of the ubiquitination machinery and discuss the recent progresses in the ubiquitination-mediated regulation of embryonic stem cell maintenance and cancer biology.

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