Hydrothermal Conversion of Biomass into Fuel and Fine Chemicals

2020 ◽  
pp. 201-224
Author(s):  
Chitra Devi Venkatachalam ◽  
Mothil Sengottian ◽  
Sathish Raam Ravichandran
Keyword(s):  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Hydrothermal Conversion

Formic Acid: A Promising Bio-Renewable Feedstock for Fine Chemicals

2012 ◽  
Vol 354 (17) ◽  
pp. 3180-3186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel G. Mura ◽  
Lidia De Luca ◽  
Giampaolo Giacomelli ◽  
Andrea Porcheddu
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Renewable Feedstock

γ-Valerolactone-Introduced Controlled-Isomerization of Glucose for Lactic Acid Production over Sn-Beta Catalyst

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinpeng Zhao ◽  
Zhimin Zhou ◽  
hu luo ◽  
Yanfei Zhang ◽  
Wang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Dft Calculations ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Hydrothermal Conversion ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Environment Friendly

Combined experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations provided insights into the role of the environment-friendly γ-valerolactone (GVL) as a solvent in the hydrothermal conversion of glucose into lactic acid...

scholarly journals Nitrile Synthesis with Aldoxime Dehydratases: A Biocatalytic Platform with Applications in Asymmetric Synthesis, Bulk Chemicals, and Biorefineries

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4466
Author(s):  
Pablo Domínguez de María
Keyword(s):  
Asymmetric Synthesis ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Polymer Chemistry ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Bulk Chemicals ◽  
Recent Developments

Nitriles comprise a broad group of chemicals that are currently being industrially produced and used in fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals, as well as in bulk applications, polymer chemistry, solvents, etc. Aldoxime dehydratases catalyze the cyanide-free synthesis of nitriles starting from aldoximes under mild conditions, holding potential to become sustainable alternatives for industrial processes. Different aldoxime dehydratases accept a broad range of aldoximes with impressive high substrate loadings of up to >1 Kg L−1 and can efficiently catalyze the reaction in aqueous media as well as in non-aqueous systems, such as organic solvents and solvent-free (neat substrates). This paper provides an overview of the recent developments in this field with emphasis on strategies that may be of relevance for industry and sustainability. When possible, potential links to biorefineries and to the use of biogenic raw materials are discussed.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal conversion of different lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks – Effect of the process conditions on hydrochar structures

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 302 ◽  
pp. 121166
Author(s):  
Fatih Güleç ◽  
Luis Miguel Garcia Riesco ◽  
Orla Williams ◽  
Emily T. Kostas ◽  
Abby Samson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Conversion ◽  
Biomass Feedstocks

scholarly journals Biocatalysis with Laccases: An Updated Overview

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Ivan Bassanini ◽  
Erica Elisa Ferrandi ◽  
Sergio Riva ◽  
Daniela Monti
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Alcohol Oxidation ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Multicopper Oxidases ◽  
Carbohydrate Chemistry ◽  
Nucleophilic Substitutions ◽  
Mediator System ◽  
Integrated Processes

Laccases are multicopper oxidases, which have been widely investigated in recent decades thanks to their ability to oxidize organic substrates to the corresponding radicals while producing water at the expense of molecular oxygen. Besides their successful (bio)technological applications, for example, in textile, petrochemical, and detoxifications/bioremediations industrial processes, their synthetic potentialities for the mild and green preparation or selective modification of fine chemicals are of outstanding value in biocatalyzed organic synthesis. Accordingly, this review is focused on reporting and rationalizing some of the most recent and interesting synthetic exploitations of laccases. Applications of the so-called laccase-mediator system (LMS) for alcohol oxidation are discussed with a focus on carbohydrate chemistry and natural products modification as well as on bio- and chemo-integrated processes. The laccase-catalyzed Csp2-H bonds activation via monoelectronic oxidation is also discussed by reporting examples of enzymatic C-C and C-O radical homo- and hetero-couplings, as well as of aromatic nucleophilic substitutions of hydroquinones or quinoids. Finally, the laccase-initiated domino/cascade synthesis of valuable aromatic (hetero)cycles, elegant strategies widely documented in the literature across more than three decades, is also presented.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of pinene in purple non-sulfur photosynthetic bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Wu ◽  
Guang Ma ◽  
Chuanyang Liu ◽  
Xin-yuan Qiu ◽  
Lu Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Heterologous Expression ◽  
Rhodobacter Sphaeroides ◽  
Photosynthetic Bacteria ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Isopentenyl Diphosphate ◽  
Isopentenyl Diphosphate Isomerase ◽  
Geranyl Diphosphate ◽  
Ribosome Binding ◽  
Geranyl Diphosphate Synthase

Abstract Background Pinene is a monoterpene, that is used in the manufacture of fragrances, insecticide, fine chemicals, and renewable fuels. Production of pinene by metabolic-engineered microorganisms is a sustainable method. Purple non-sulfur photosynthetic bacteria belong to photosynthetic chassis that are widely used to synthesize natural chemicals. To date, researches on the synthesis of pinene by purple non-sulfur photosynthetic bacteria has not been reported, leaving the potential of purple non-sulfur photosynthetic bacteria synthesizing pinene unexplored. Results Rhodobacter sphaeroides strain was applied as a model and engineered to express the fusion protein of heterologous geranyl diphosphate synthase (GPPS) and pinene synthase (PS), hence achieving pinene production. The reaction condition of pinene production was optimized and 97.51 μg/L of pinene was yielded. Then, genes of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase and isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase were overexpressed, and the ribosome binding site of GPPS-PS mRNA was optimized, improving pinene titer to 539.84 μg/L. Conclusions In this paper, through heterologous expression of GPPS-PS, pinene was successfully produced in R. sphaeroides, and pinene production was greatly improved by optimizing the expression of key enzymes. This is the first report on pinene produce by purple non-sulfur photosynthetic bacteria, which expands the availability of photosynthetic chassis for pinene production.

scholarly journals Bio-Crude Production Improvement during Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biopulp by Simultaneous Application of Alkali Catalysts and Aqueous Phase Recirculation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4492
Author(s):  
Komeil Kohansal ◽  
Kamaldeep Sharma ◽  
Saqib Sohail Toor ◽  
Eliana Lozano Sanchez ◽  
Joscha Zimmermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Hydrothermal Conversion ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Production Improvement ◽  
Catalytic Experiment ◽  
Alkali Catalysts ◽  
Alkali Elements

This study focuses on the valorization of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (biopulp) by hydrothermal liquefaction. Thereby, homogeneous alkali catalysts (KOH, NaOH, K2CO3, and Na2CO3) and a residual aqueous phase recirculation methodology were mutually employed to enhance the bio-crude yield and energy efficiency of a sub-critical hydrothermal conversion (350 °C, 15–20 Mpa, 15 min). Interestingly, single recirculation of the concentrated aqueous phase positively increased the bio-crude yield in all cases, while the higher heating value (HHV) of the bio-crudes slightly dropped. Compared to the non-catalytic experiment, K2CO3 and Na2CO3 effectively increased the bio-crude yield by 14 and 7.3%, respectively. However, KOH and NaOH showed a negative variation in the bio-crude yield. The highest bio-crude yield (37.5 wt.%) and energy recovery (ER) (59.4%) were achieved when K2CO3 and concentrated aqueous phase recirculation were simultaneously applied to the process. The inorganics distribution results obtained by ICP reveal the tendency of the alkali elements to settle into the aqueous phase, which, if recovered, can potentially boost the circularity of the HTL process. Therefore, wise selection of the alkali catalyst along with aqueous phase recirculation assists hydrothermal liquefaction in green biofuel production and environmentally friendly valorization of biopulp.

scholarly journals The Swiss Industrial Biocatalysis Consortium (SIBC): Past, Present and Future

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 342-344
Author(s):  
Steven Hanlon
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Special Edition ◽  
Founding Fathers ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
History Of

Since its inception in 2004, the Swiss Industrial Biocatalysis Consortium (SIBC) has brought together scientists from the Pharma, Fine Chemicals, Agrochemicals and Flavor and Fragrance Industries with the goal of promoting biocatalysis inside and outside of Switzerland as well as providing mutual benefits in the form of pre-competitive knowledge sharing. One of the 'founding fathers' of the SIBC was of course Oreste Ghisalba, whom we are honoring here in this special edition. The history of the SIBC as well as current activities and future challenges will be presented.

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