scholarly journals The Role of Plastic Debris as Another Source of Hazardous Chemicals in Lower-Trophic Level Organisms

2016 ◽  
pp. 281-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsea M. Rochman
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Level ◽  
Hazardous Chemicals ◽  
Plastic Debris ◽  
Lower Trophic Level

scholarly journals Responses of lower trophic-level organisms to typhoon passage on the outer shelf of the East China Sea: an incubation experiment

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 6605-6635 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Yasuki ◽  
K. Suzuki ◽  
A. Tsuda
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
East China Sea ◽  
Trophic Level ◽  
Outer Shelf ◽  
East China ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
The East China Sea ◽  
Phytoplankton Productivity ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Lower Trophic Level

Abstract. Typhoons can induce vertical mixing, upwelling, or both in the water column due to strong wind stress. These events can induce phytoplankton blooms in the oligotrophic ocean after typhoon passage. However, little is known about the responses of lower trophic-level organisms or changes in the community structure following the passage of typhoons, particularly in offshore regions. Therefore, we evaluated community succession on the outer shelf of the East China Sea through on-deck bottle incubation experiments simulating hydrographic conditions after the passage of a typhoon. Under all of the experimental conditions we tested, chlorophyll a concentrations increased more than 9-fold within 6 days, and these algal cells were mainly composed of large diatoms (>10 μm). Ciliates also increased along with the diatom bloom. These results suggest that increases in diatom and ciliate populations may enhance biogenic carbon export in the water column. Typhoons can affect not only phytoplankton productivity, but also the composition of lower trophic-level organisms and biogeochemical processes in oligotrophic offshore regions.

The role of plastic debris in the biogeochemical cycle of mercury in Lake Erie and San Francisco Bay

2021 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 112768
Author(s):  
Katlin L. Bowman ◽  
Carl H. Lamborg ◽  
Alison M. Agather ◽  
Chad R. Hammerschmidt
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
San Francisco Bay ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycle ◽  
Plastic Debris

scholarly journals The Role of Predator Removal by Fishing on Ocean Carbon Dynamics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Stafford ◽  
Zach Boakes ◽  
Alice E. Hall ◽  
Georgia C. A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Level ◽  
Carbon Dynamics ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Predator Removal ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Total Fish ◽  
Ocean Carbon ◽  
Ocean Sequestration ◽  
Global Carbon

AbstractTotal ocean carbon exceeds 40,000 GT either dissolved in the water column or buried in ocean sediments, and the ocean continues to sequester carbon from the atmosphere. Selective removal of predatory fish through extractive fishing alters the community structure of the ocean. This altered community results in increased biomass of more productive, low trophic level fish, higher overall fish respiration rates and lower carbon sequestration rates from fish, despite possible decreases in total fish biomass. High-pressure fishing on high trophic level fish, a globally occurring phenomenon, may result in as much as a 19% increase in respiration from fish communities overall. This increase in respiration will reduce sequestration rates and could prove highly significant in global carbon budgets. Preliminary estimates suggest a loss of sequestration equating to around 90Mt C.year−1 (~ 10% of total ocean sequestration or ~ 1% of anthropogenic fossil fuel emissions per year). Ultimately, to reduce these carbon emissions, fishing needs to be carbon optimised, alongside other fisheries management outcomes, which may mean that fewer higher trophic level fish are removed. This study highlights the potential magnitude of fishing on ocean carbon dynamics and presents the key uncertainties (including understanding the effects of fishing on zoo- and phytoplankton communities) we need to urgently research to accurately quantify the effects and model future fishing practices. Graphical Abstract

USE OF DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER BY MICROORGANISMS: FORMATION OF WATER QUALITY IN A POND OF A HIGH TROPHIC LEVEL

Fisheries ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (5) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Sadchikov ◽  
Sergey Ostroumov
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Trophic Level ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystem ◽  
High Trophic Level ◽  
Bacterioplankton Community ◽  
Algae And Bacteria

The role of algae and bacteria in the consumption and mineralization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in a highly trophic aquatic ecosystem was studied. The phytoplankton and bacterioplankton community consumed 60% of added DOM in August and 56% of DOM in September. Of the uptaken DOM, a significant amount of organic carbon was mineralized. In August 42.7% and in September 29% of organic carbon (of the consumed organic matter) were used for respiration.

Bioaccumulation of PCDD/Fs and Co-PCBs in Lower-Trophic-Level Organisms in Sendai Bay, Japan

2004 ◽  
Vol 159 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Okumura ◽  
Yoh Yamashita ◽  
Youichi Kohno
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Level ◽  
Lower Trophic Level ◽  
Sendai Bay

Using lower trophic level factors to predict outcomes in classical biological control of insect pests

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Gross ◽  
Bradford A. Hawkins ◽  
Howard V. Cornell ◽  
Balakrishna Hosmane
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Trophic Level ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Lower Trophic Level

Effects of lower trophic level biomass and water temperature on fish communities: A modelling study

2016 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 22-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Guiet ◽  
Olivier Aumont ◽  
Jean-Christophe Poggiale ◽  
Olivier Maury
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Trophic Level ◽  
Fish Communities ◽  
Lower Trophic Level ◽  
Modelling Study

Parameter sensitivity study of the NEMURO lower trophic level marine ecosystem model

2007 ◽  
Vol 202 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 26-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Yoshie ◽  
Yasuhiro Yamanaka ◽  
Kenneth A. Rose ◽  
David L. Eslinger ◽  
Daniel M. Ware ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Level ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Parameter Sensitivity ◽  
Lower Trophic Level ◽  
Marine Ecosystem Model
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