Synovium-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and their Promise for Cartilage Regeneration

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janja Zupan ◽  
Matej Drobnič ◽  
Klemen Stražar
Keyword(s):  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells and Their Secretome for Auricular Cartilage Regeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se-Joon Oh ◽  
Kyung-Un Choi ◽  
Sung-Won Choi ◽  
Sung-Dong Kim ◽  
Soo-Keun Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Collagen Type Ii ◽  
Auricular Cartilage ◽  
Adipose Derived Stromal Cells

Adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) can repair auricular cartilage defects. Furthermore, stem cell secretome may also be a promising biological therapeutic option, which is equal to or even superior to the stem cell. We explored the therapeutic efficacies of ADSCs and their secretome in terms of rabbit auricular cartilage regeneration. ADSCs and their secretome were placed into surgically created auricular cartilage defects. After 4 and 8 weeks, the resected auricles were histopathologically and immunohistochemically examined. We used real-time PCR to determine the levels of genes expressing collagen type II, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). ADSCs significantly improved auricular cartilage regeneration at 4 and 8 weeks, compared to the secretome and PBS groups, as revealed by gross examination, histopathologically and immunohistochemically. ADSCs upregulated the expression of collagen type II, TGF-β1, and IGF-1 more so than did the secretome or PBS. The expression levels of collagen type II and IGF-1 were significantly higher at 8 weeks than at 4 weeks after ADSC injection. Although ADSCs thus significantly enhanced new cartilage formation, their secretome did not. Therefore, ADSCs may be more effective than their secretome in the repair of auricular cartilage defect.

scholarly journals Which is better for articular cartilage regeneration, cultured stem cells or concentrated stromal cells?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (13) ◽  
pp. 836-836
Author(s):  
Dong Hwan Lee ◽  
Chae-Gwan Kong ◽  
Yong-Woon Shin ◽  
Saif Ahmed ◽  
Asode Ananthram Shetty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Articular Cartilage Regeneration

Single-Stage Cell-Based Cartilage Regeneration Using a Combination of Chondrons and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 2158-2166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joris E.J. Bekkers ◽  
Anika I. Tsuchida ◽  
Mattie H.P. van Rijen ◽  
Lucienne A. Vonk ◽  
Wouter J.A. Dhert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Single Stage

scholarly journals Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Chondrogenic Differentiation in Three-Dimensional Culture

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Elder ◽  
John Thomason
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Chondrogenic Differentiation ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Marrow Stromal Cells ◽  
Significant Difference

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) may have the potential to enhance articular cartilage regeneration through release of growth factors including transforming growth factor isoforms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential for PRP to stimulate chondrogenic differentiation in three-dimensional PRP hydrogel constructs. Allogenic PRP was prepared using a double centrifugation protocol which resulted in a platelet concentration approximately 250% above baseline. Canine marrow stromal cells were encapsulated at 6.8×106 cells/ml in either 2% sodium alginate or in a 3:1 mixture of freshly prepared PRP and 2% alginate. PRP and alginate beads were cultured in chemically defined chondrogenic medium with and without 10 ng/ml TGF-β3. PRP cultures were additionally supplemented with frozen-thawed PRP. In the absence of TGF-β3, PRP had a mild stimulatory effect on cell proliferation. PRP did not stimulate cell proliferation in the presence of TGF-β3. Cells exposed to TGF-β3 accumulated significantly more GAG/DNA than those which were not, but there was not a statistically significant difference between alginate and PRP. Total collagen content was greater in PRP than in alginate, regardless of TGF-β3. Chondrogenesis in PRP was qualitatively and spatially different than that which occurred in conventional alginate beads and was characterized by isolated centers of intense chondrogenesis. Overall the results demonstrate that PRP alone weakly promotes chondroinduction of marrow stromal cells, and the effect is greatly augmented by TGF-β3.

scholarly journals Chondrogenic Potential of Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Osteology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-174
Author(s):  
Naveen Jeyaraman ◽  
Gollahalli Shivashankar Prajwal ◽  
Madhan Jeyaraman ◽  
Sathish Muthu ◽  
Manish Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Dentin Matrix

The field of tissue engineering has revolutionized the world in organ and tissue regeneration. With the robust research among regenerative medicine experts and researchers, the plausibility of regenerating cartilage has come into the limelight. For cartilage tissue engineering, orthopedic surgeons and orthobiologists use the mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of various origins along with the cytokines, growth factors, and scaffolds. The least utilized MSCs are of dental origin, which are the richest sources of stromal and progenitor cells. There is a paradigm shift towards the utilization of dental source MSCs in chondrogenesis and cartilage regeneration. Dental-derived MSCs possess similar phenotypes and genotypes like other sources of MSCs along with specific markers such as dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein (DMP) -1, dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and STRO-1. Concerning chondrogenicity, there is literature with marginal use of dental-derived MSCs. Various studies provide evidence for in-vitro and in-vivo chondrogenesis by dental-derived MSCs. With such evidence, clinical trials must be taken up to support or refute the evidence for regenerating cartilage tissues by dental-derived MSCs. This article highlights the significance of dental-derived MSCs for cartilage tissue regeneration.

Articular cartilage regeneration in rats using human bone marrow stromal cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. S68-S69
Author(s):  
S.S. Paravastu ◽  
B.W. Mui ◽  
S.J. Gadomski ◽  
R. Merling ◽  
S. Kuznetsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Stromal Cells ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Marrow Stromal Cells ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Human Bone Marrow ◽  
Articular Cartilage Regeneration

scholarly journals CTLA-4 Mediates Inhibitory Function of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Gaber ◽  
Kerstin Schönbeck ◽  
Holger Hoff ◽  
Cam Tran ◽  
Cindy Strehl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Inhibitory Receptor ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Inhibitory Function ◽  
Pleiotropic Function

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are stem cells of the connective tissue, possess a plastic phenotype, and are able to differentiate into various tissues. Besides their role in tissue regeneration, MSCs perform additional functions as a modulator or inhibitor of immune responses. Due to their pleiotropic function, MSCs have also gained therapeutic importance for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and for improving fracture healing and cartilage regeneration. However, the therapeutic/immunomodulatory mode of action of MSCs is largely unknown. Here, we describe that MSCs express the inhibitory receptor CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4). We show that depending on the environmental conditions, MSCs express different isoforms of CTLA-4 with the secreted isoform (sCTLA-4) being the most abundant under hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the immunosuppressive function of MSCs is mediated mainly by the secretion of CTLA-4. These findings open new ways for treatment when tissue regeneration/fracture healing is difficult.

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