The Role of Host Genetic Polymorphisms in Helicobacter pylori Mediated Disease Outcome

2019 ◽  
pp. 151-172
Author(s):  
Marguerite Clyne ◽  
Marion Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Disease Outcome ◽  
Host Genetic

Role of Genetic Polymorphisms of Cytochrome P450 2C19 in Pantoprazole Metabolism and Pantoprazole-based Helicobacter pylori Eradication Regimens

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 830-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulius Jonaitis ◽  
Laimas Jonaitis ◽  
Juozas Kupcinskas
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Eradication ◽  
P450 Gene ◽  
The Impact

Background: Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes play an important role in the metabolism of 70-80% of the currently used medications, including proton pump inhibitors. There are some data analyzing the impact of gene polymorphisms of CYP450 enzymes on most widely used PPIs, such as omeprazole, however, the data on pantoprazole are highly lacking. Objective: To summarize the most recent publications and studies on the role of polymorphisms of the genes encoding CYP450 enzyme 2C19 in the metabolism of pantoprazole and pantoprazole based Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens. Methods: We performed a non-systematic search of the available literature on the selected topic. Results and conclusion: The data on cytochrome P450 gene polymorphisms and their role in pantoprazole metabolism and pantoprazole based Helicobacter pylori eradication remain conflicting. Individual differences in pantoprazole metabolism might be partly related to genetic polymorphisms of CYP450 enzymes. Most of the studies support the observation that cytochrome 2C19 polymorphisms have an impact on the pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole and its therapeutic effects: poor metabolizers of PPIs are more likely to have a better response to pantoprazole therapy and achieve better H. pylori eradication rates compared to rapid metabolizers. The determination of alleles that are associated with decreased (e.g., *2, *3 alleles) or increased (e.g., *17 allele) cytochrome 2C19 enzyme activity might be used as predictive factors for the potential of acid suppression and the success of Helicobacter pylori eradication. Overall, currently available data do not provide robust evidence, therefore, the application of genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome enzymes in clinical practice still cannot be recommended as routine practice for personalized pantoprazole prescription strategies.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori virulence factors and host genetic polymorphisms in a low gastric cancer and high Helicobacter Pylori prevalence country

GastroHep ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin J Rush ◽  
Ebrahim Hoosein ◽  
Nico de Villiers ◽  
Cornelis Clay ◽  
David C Metz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Host Genetic

The Emerging Role of Helicobacter Pylori-Induced Metabolic Gastrointestinal Dysmotility and Neurodegeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kountouras ◽  
M. Boziki ◽  
S.A. Polyzos ◽  
P. Katsinelos ◽  
E. Gavalas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastrointestinal Dysmotility

Host genetic polymorphisms associated with beta human papillomavirus seropositivity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Antonsson ◽  
Astrid J. Rodriguez-Acevedo ◽  
Upekha E. Liyanage ◽  
Maria Celia B. Hughes ◽  
Jolieke C. van der Pols ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Host Genetic

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomics of Three Helicobacter pylori Strains Isolated from the Stomach of a Patient with Adenocarcinoma

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Montserrat Palau ◽  
Núria Piqué ◽  
M. José Ramírez-Lázaro ◽  
Sergio Lario ◽  
Xavier Calvet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Flagellar Biosynthesis ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Restriction Modification

Helicobacter pylori is a common pathogen associated with several severe digestive diseases. Although multiple virulence factors have been described, it is still unclear the role of virulence factors on H. pylori pathogenesis and disease progression. Whole genome sequencing could help to find genetic markers of virulence strains. In this work, we analyzed three complete genomes from isolates obtained at the same point in time from a stomach of a patient with adenocarcinoma, using multiple available bioinformatics tools. The genome analysis of the strains B508A-S1, B508A-T2A and B508A-T4 revealed that they were cagA, babA and sabB/hopO negative. The differences among the three genomes were mainly related to outer membrane proteins, methylases, restriction modification systems and flagellar biosynthesis proteins. The strain B508A-T2A was the only one presenting the genotype vacA s1, and had the most distinct genome as it exhibited fewer shared genes, higher number of unique genes, and more polymorphisms were found in this genome. With all the accumulated information, no significant differences were found among the isolates regarding virulence and origin of the isolates. Nevertheless, some B508A-T2A genome characteristics could be linked to the pathogenicity of H. pylori.

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