Enzymatic Activity of Candida spp. from Oral Cavity and Urine in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Dorota Olczak-Kowalczyk ◽  
Maria Roszkowska-Blaim ◽  
Maria Dąbkowska ◽  
Ewa Swoboda-Kopeć ◽  
Dariusz Gozdowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Candida Spp

scholarly journals Differences in exoenzyme production and adherence ability of Candida spp. isolates from catheter, blood and oral cavity

2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Rodrigues Costa ◽  
Xisto Sena Passos ◽  
Lúcia Kioko Hasimoto e Souza ◽  
Percilia de Andrade Lucena ◽  
Orionalda de Fátima Lisboa Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Yeast Suspension ◽  
Phospholipase Activity ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Proteinase Production ◽  
Buccal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Adherence Ability

Phospholipase and proteinase production and the ability of adhesion to buccal epithelial cells (BEC) of 112 Candida isolates originated from oral cavity of HIV infected patients and from blood and catheter of intensive care unit patients were investigated. The proteinase production was detected by inoculation into bovine serum albumin (BSA) agar and the phospholipase activity was performed using egg yolk emulsion. A yeast suspension of each test strain was incubated with buccal epithelial cells and the number of adherence yeast to epithelial cells was counted. A percentage of 88.1% and 55.9% of Candida albicans and 69.8% and 37.7% of non-albicans Candida isolates produced proteinase and phospholipase, respectively. Non-albicans Candida isolated from catheter were more proteolytic than C. albicans isolates. Blood isolates were more proteolytic than catheter and oral cavity isolates while oral cavity isolates produced more phospholipase than those from blood and catheter. C. albicans isolates from oral cavity and from catheter were more adherent to BEC than non-albicans Candida isolates, but the adhesion was not different among the three sources analyzed. The results indicated differences in the production of phospholipase and proteinase and in the ability of adhesion to BEC among Candida spp. isolates from different sources. This study suggests that the pathogenicity of Candida can be correlated with the infected site.

scholarly journals Candida spp. occurrence in oral cavities of breastfeeding infants and in their mothers' mouths and breasts

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Stella Amorim da Costa Zöllner ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Sabouraud Agar ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Yeast Strains

This study aimed to determine the occurrence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of predominantly breastfed infants and in their mothers' mouths and breasts, as well as in the oral cavity of bottlefed infants and in non-lactating women. One hundred and sixty nine women and eighty-five milk-fed infants took part in this study and were divided into four groups: 1) infants predominantly on breastfeeding (n = 55) and their mothers (n = 55); 2) infants on bottlefeeding (n = 30); 3) non-lactating women on whom oral collections were performed (n = 80) and, 4) non-lactating women on whom breast collections were performed (n = 34). Oral and mammary swabs were cultured on Sabouraud agar dextrose with chloramphenicol. The Candida yeast strains found were isolated and identified through morphological and biochemical tests. Candida species were much less frequent in infants who were predominantly breastfed than in those who were bottlefed. Yeasts were much more frequent on the breasts of lactating women, with statistical difference in relation to the control group.

scholarly journals Isolation of Candida species in children and their biofilm-forming ability on nano-composite surfaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-52
Author(s):  
Harina Akila Che Hussin ◽  
Nadiah Arshad ◽  
Siti Nor Humaira Nor Azemi ◽  
Raja Izzatun Nisa Raja Sahrul Hishan ◽  
Wan Nur Fatihah Wan Mohd Kamaluddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Nano Composites ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Tooth Surfaces

Candida species including Candida albicans, Candida krusei and Candida glabrata are opportunistic microorganisms that inhabit oral cavity. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of dental caries on Candida spp. biofilm-forming ability on nano- composite with the hypothesis that dental caries enhances the colonization of Candida spp. To assess Candida spp. colonisation in the oral cavity of the paediatric patient, samples were obtained from 30 subjects aged five to six years old from Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. The samples were collected from buccal mucosa, palate and tooth surfaces using sterile swabs. 10 mL of patient’s saliva suspension was also collected. Following that, the samples were inoculated on CHROMagar and incubated for 24 h at 37 ºC. Candida biofilm of caries isolate C. albicans (HNFC2), and C. albicans ATCC 32354 were developed on three different types of nano-composites. The study showed that no C. albicans was isolated from the caries-free oral cavity while 76% of children with caries possessed Candida spp. 65% of the yeasts were isolated from the tooth surface. Only 35% of the total isolates were obtained from soft tissues, including palatal and buccal mucosa. C. albicans is the most isolated Candida spp. with 82% and 67% of the yeast were obtained from the tooth surface and buccal mucosa, respectively. Besides, HNFC2 significantly colonised the nano- composites more than the ATCC (P < 0.05). In the comparison of the three types of nano- composites, nano-hybrid-based containing pre-polymerised filler (cB) exhibited the least C. albicans HNFC2 cells colonisation with 7.7 x 10³ cells mL-1. In contrast, the nano-composite that contained bulk-filled nanohybrid (cC) was the most colonised with 14.3 x 10³ cells mL-1. In conclusion, dental caries enhances the colonization of Candida spp. in children's oral cavity, and that caries isolate form more biofilm on nano-composites compared to the lab strain C. albicans.

Species Distribution and Virulence Factors of Candida spp. Isolated from the Oral Cavity of Kidney Transplant Recipients in Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 175 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Maranhão Chaves ◽  
Mariana Guimarães Diniz ◽  
Walicyranison Plinio da Silva-Rocha ◽  
Luanda Bárbara Ferreira Canário de Souza ◽  
Libia Augusta Maciel Gondim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Candida Spp

scholarly journals Oral colonization by yeasts in HIV-positive patients in Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana C. Junqueira ◽  
Simone F. G. Vilela ◽  
Rodnei D. Rossoni ◽  
Júnia O. Barbosa ◽  
Anna Carolina B. P. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Pathogenic Yeast ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Oral Colonization ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Isolated Species

INTRODUCTION: In HIV-infected patients, colonization of the oral cavity by potential pathogenic yeast may lead to development of systemic fungemia. We evaluated the prevalence of yeast in the oral cavity of Brazilian HIV-positive patients and verified whether or not the species characterized were enzymatically active. Furthermore, the species identified were tested for their susceptibility to antifungal treatment. METHODS: Patient saliva and oropharyngeal candidiasis samples were collected from 60 seropositive HIV patients and identified by the API20C system. Enzymatic activity was evaluated by the production of proteinase and phospholipase. Susceptibility to antifungal treatments were determined using the broth microdilution method. RESULTS: the most commonly isolated species were C. albicans (51.56%) followed by non-albicans Candida species (43.73%), Trichosporon mucoides (3.12%) and Kodamaea ohmeri (1.56%). Oral colonization by association of different species was observed in 42% of the patients. Enzymatic activity was verified in most of species isolated, except for C. glabrata, C. lusitaniae and C. guilliermondii. Resistance to Fluconazole and Amphotericin B was observed in isolates of C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei, and K. ohmeri. CONCLUSION: HIV-positive patients are orally colonized by single or multiple species of yeast that are occasionally resistant to Fluconazole or Amphotericin B.

scholarly journals Antibiofilm Potential of Medicinal Plants against Candida spp. Oral Biofilms: A Review

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1142
Author(s):  
Rafaela Guimarães ◽  
Catarina Milho ◽  
Ângela Liberal ◽  
Jani Silva ◽  
Carmélia Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Candida Spp

The use of natural products to promote health is as old as human civilization. In recent years, the perception of natural products derived from plants as abundant sources of biologically active compounds has driven their exploitation towards the search for new chemical products that can lead to further pharmaceutical formulations. Candida fungi, being opportunistic pathogens, increase their virulence by acquiring resistance to conventional antimicrobials, triggering diseases, especially in immunosuppressed hosts. They are also pointed to as the main pathogens responsible for most fungal infections of the oral cavity. This increased resistance to conventional synthetic antimicrobials has driven the search for new molecules present in plant extracts, which have been widely explored as alternative agents in the prevention and treatment of infections. This review aims to provide a critical view and scope of the in vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of several medicinal plants, revealing species with inhibition/reduction effects on the biofilm formed by Candida spp. in the oral cavity. The most promising plant extracts in fighting oral biofilm, given their high capacity to reduce it to low concentrations were the essential oils extracted from Allium sativum L., Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume. and Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf.

scholarly journals Candida albicans Denture Biofilm and its Clinical Significance

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNA D. SEREFKO ◽  
EWA J. POLESZAK ◽  
ANNA MALM
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Matrix Composition ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Specific Complex ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Artificial Teeth ◽  
Germ Tubes

Fungi belonging to Candida genus, especially C. albicans play an important role in microflora of oral cavity. Microbial colonisation process taking place within oral cavity is inseparably related to formation of multispecies biofilm, i.e. dental and denture plaque. A mature fungal biofilm is a heterogeneous three-dimensional dense conglomeration of mixture of different morphological forms: blastospores, germ tubes, pseudohyphae and hyphae surrounded by the extracellular polymeric matrix. Composition and specific properties of substratum, saliva and yeasts as well as multiple intricate interactions between all of them influence the ability of Candida spp. isolates to adhere and colonise both natural and artificial surfaces, followed by biofilm formation. Obviously, specific complex host-pathogen interactions also should not be neglected. A lot of additional factors like poor oral and denture hygiene, low pH under prosthesis, sufficient concentration of sugar and iron or antibody titres influence Candida adhesion and colonisation of acrylic resin base. C. albicans is capable of inducing a variety of superficial diseases of the oral mucosa. The most common clinical form of oral candidal infection related to biofilm formation affecting a great deal of denture wearers is denture-associated stomatitis, also known as chronic atrophic candidiasis or erythemateous candidasis. Development of C. albicans biofilm on a denture surface constitutes a difficult and hard to resolve problem which may concern every single prosthesis-wearer. Thus, careful oral and denture hygiene is highly recommended for the population of artificial teeth wearers.

scholarly journals Prevalence of yeasts in the oral cavity of children treated with inhaled corticosteroids

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Yukio Komiyama ◽  
Patrícia Monteiro Ribeiro ◽  
Juliana Campos Junqueira ◽  
Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Significant Statistical Difference ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Prevalent Species

The aim of this study was to observe the prevalence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of children undergoing treatment with inhaled corticosteroids. Thirty children treated with inhaled corticosteroids and thirty control children were studied. Saliva samples were collected through oral rinses with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The samples were plated on Sabouraud's dextrose agar and incubated at 37°C for 48 h. After this period, the number of colony-forming units per ml (cfu/ml) of saliva was calculated. The isolates were identified by phenotypic characterization. Candida spp. was isolated from 43.33% of the samples of children treated with corticosteroids, with a mean of 780 cfu/ml of saliva, and from 30% of the samples of the control group, with a mean of 560 cfu/ml of saliva. No significant statistical difference was observed between the groups. C. albicans was the prevalent species in both groups, followed by C. guilliermondii, C. parapsilosis and C. stellatoidea. Furthermore, Rhodotorula rubra and C. lusitaniae were also isolated from the treated group. We concluded that there was no significant increase in the prevalence and number of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of children treated with inhaled corticosteroids.

scholarly journals RELATED FACTORS FOR COLONIZATION BY Candida SPECIES IN THE ORAL CAVITY OF HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralciane de Paula MENEZES ◽  
Aércio Sebastião BORGES ◽  
Lúcio Borges de ARAUJO ◽  
Reginaldo dos Santos PEDROSO ◽  
Denise Von Dolinger de Brito RÖDER
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Chromogenic Agar ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Oral Colonization

The colonization of the oral cavity is a prerequisite to the development of oropharyngeal candidiasis. Aims: The aims of this study were: to evaluate colonization and quantify Candida spp. in the oral cavity; to determine the predisposing factors for colonization; and to correlate the levels of CD4+ cells and viral load with the yeast count of colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) in HIV-positive individuals treated at a University Hospital. Saliva samples were collected from 147 HIV patients and were plated on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) and chromogenic agar, and incubated at 30 ºC for 72 h. Colonies with similar morphology in both media were counted and the result expressed in CFU/mL. Results: Of the 147 HIV patients, 89 had positive cultures for Candida spp., with a total of 111 isolates, of which C. albicans was the most frequent species (67.6%), and the mean of colonies counted was 8.8 × 10³ CFU/mL. The main predisposing factors for oral colonization by Candida spp. were the use of antibiotics and oral prostheses. The use of reverse transcriptase inhibitors appears to have a greater protective effect for colonization. A low CD4+ T lymphocyte count is associated with a higher density of yeast in the saliva of HIV patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document