Intracellular and Extracellular Cytokines in A549 Cells and THP1 Cells Exposed to Cigarette Smoke

2016 ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Holownia ◽  
P. Wielgat ◽  
E. Rysiak ◽  
J. J. Braszko
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
A549 Cells

Crosstalk Between Co-cultured A549 Cells and THP1 Cells Exposed to Cigarette Smoke

2015 ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Holownia ◽  
P. Wielgat ◽  
A. Kwolek ◽  
K. Jackowski ◽  
J. J. Braszko
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
A549 Cells

Cigarette Smoke-Induced Reduction of 14-3-3σ Expression Promotes The Progression of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longxia Dai ◽  
Quanwen Deng ◽  
Aibin Liu ◽  
Shuya He ◽  
Qiong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Smoking Group ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Lung cancer is a common malignant tumour and the leading cause of cancer death. Smoking is closely related to lung cancer, which can not only induce the occurrence of lung cancer but also affect its progress and prognosis. Objectives To investigated the relationship between smoking and 14-3-3σ protein expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), investigated the relationship between 14-3-3σ expression and cell migration in A549 cells induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and explored whether DNA methylation plays a role in the decreased expression of 14-3-3σ induced by CSE. Methods 14-3-3σ protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in 152 NSCLC tissue samples. In vitro experiments were divided into three groups: The current smoking group (CS), the ex-smoking group (ES) and the normal control group (NC). Cell transfection was used for 14-3-3σ protein overexpression. The mRNA and protein expression levels of 14-3-3σ were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Cell migration was detected by Transwell and wound-healing assays, and the methylation of 14-3-3σ was detected by methylation-specific PCR. Results 14-3-3σ protein expression was decreased in NSCLC patients with a history of smoking. The expression of 14-3-3σ was decreased in A549 cells treated with CSE. The migration capacity of A549 cells treated with CSE was enhanced. DNA methylation in the cigarette smoke-treated A549 cells was higher than that in the untreated cells. Conclusion Cigarette smoke induced reduction of 14-3-3σ expression can promote the progression of non-small cell lung cancer.

scholarly journals Four Novel Dammarane-Type Triterpenoids from Pearl Knots of Panax ginseng Meyer cv. Silvatica

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Qi ◽  
Zhuo Li ◽  
Xuewa Guan ◽  
Cuizhu Wang ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Protective Effects

Panax ginseng Meyer cv. Silvatica (PGS), which is also known as “Lin-Xia-Shan-Shen” or “Zi-Hai” in China, is grown in forests and mountains by broadcasting the seeds of ginseng and is harvested at the cultivation age of 15–20 years. In this study, four new dammarane-type triterpenoids, ginsengenin-S1 (1), ginsengenin-S2 (2), ginsenoside-S3 (3), ginsenoside-S4 (4), along with one known compound were isolated from pearl knots of PGS. Ginsengenin-S2 significantly alleviated oxidative damage when A549 cells were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) extract. In addition, ginsengenin-S2 could inhibit the CS-induced inflammatory reaction in A549 cells. Protective effects of ginsengenin-S2 against CS-mediated oxidative stress and the inflammatory response in A549 cells may involve the Nrf2 and HDAC2 pathways.

Cytotoxic effects of cigarette smoke extract on an alveolar type II cell-derived cell line

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (2) ◽  
pp. L509-L516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuma Hoshino ◽  
Tadashi Mio ◽  
Sonoko Nagai ◽  
Hiroyuki Miki ◽  
Isao Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Extract ◽  
Alveolar Type ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Alveolar Type Ii Cell ◽  
Type Ii Cell

Injury of the alveolar epithelium by cigarette smoke is presumed to be an important process in the pathogenesis of smoking-related pulmonary diseases. We investigated the cytotoxic effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on an alveolar type II cell-derived cell line (A549). CSE caused apoptosis at concentrations of 5% or less and necrosis at 10% or more. When CSE was exposed to air before application to A549 cells, the cytotoxic effects were attenuated. CSE caused cell death without direct contact with the cells. Acrolein and hydrogen peroxide, two major volatile factors in cigarette smoke, caused cell death in a similar manner. Aldehyde dehydrogenase, a scavenger of aldehydes, and N-acetylcysteine, a scavenger of oxidants and aldehydes, completely inhibited CSE-induced apoptosis. CSE and acrolein increased intracellular oxidant activity. In conclusion, apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells may be one of the mechanisms of lung injury induced by cigarette smoking. This cytotoxic effect might be due to an interaction between aldehydes and oxidants present in CSE or formed in CSE-exposed cells.

scholarly journals Lycopene Protects against Smoking-Induced Lung Cancer by Inducing Base Excision Repair

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junrui Cheng ◽  
Baxter Miller ◽  
Emilio Balbuena ◽  
Abdulkerim Eroglu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Connexin 43 ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Exposure ◽  
Mrna Levels

Background: Oxidative stress plays a critical role in lung cancer progression. Carotenoids are efficient antioxidants. The objective of this study was to explore the efficacy of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and carotenoids in cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress within A549 human lung cancer epithelial cells. Methods: A549 cells were pretreated with 1-nM, 10-nM, 100-nM, 1-μM and 10-μM ATRA, β-carotene (BC) and lycopene for 24 h, followed by exposure to cigarette smoke using a smoking chamber. Results: The OxyBlot analysis showed that smoking significantly increased oxidative stress, which was inhibited by lycopene at 1 nM and 10 nM (p < 0.05). In the cells exposed to smoke, lycopene increased 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) expression at 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM, and 1 μM (p < 0.05), but not at 10 μM. Lycopene at lower doses also improved Nei like DNA glycosylases (NEIL1, NEIL2, NEIL3), and connexin-43 (Cx43) protein levels (p < 0.05). Interestingly, lycopene at lower concentrations promoted OGG1 expression within the cells exposed to smoke to an even greater extent than the cells not exposed to smoke (p < 0.01). This may be attributed to the increased SR-B1 mRNA levels with cigarette smoke exposure (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Lycopene treatment at a lower dosage could inhibit smoke-induced oxidative stress and promote genome stability. These novel findings will shed light on the molecular mechanism of lycopene action against lung cancer.

scholarly journals Concomitant and decoupled effects of cigarette smoke and SCAL1 upregulation on oncogenic phenotypes and ROS detoxification in lung adenocarcinoma cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmela Rieline V. Cruz ◽  
Jose Lorenzo M. Ferrer ◽  
Reynaldo L. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cells ◽  
Driver Mutations ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Dna Alterations

AbstractLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with smoking as its primary predisposing factor. Although carcinogens in cigarettes are known to cause oncogenic DNA alterations, analyses of patient cohorts revealed heterogeneous genetic aberrations with no clear driver mutations. The contribution of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of lung cancer has since been demonstrated. Their dysregulation has been linked to cancer initiation and progression. A novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) called smoke and cancer-associated lncRNA 1 (SCAL1) was recently found upregulated in smoke-exposed adenocarcinomic alveolar epithelial cells. The present study characterized the phenotypic consequences of SCAL1 overexpression and knockdown using A549 cells as model system, with or without prior exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Increase in SCAL1 levels either by CSE treatment or SCAL1 overexpression led to increased cell migration, extensive cytoskeletal remodeling, and resistance to apoptosis. Further, SCAL1 levels were negatively correlated with intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In contrast, SCAL1 knockdown showed converse results for these assays. These results confirm the oncogenic function of SCAL1 and its role as a CSE-activated lncRNA that mediates ROS detoxification in A549 cells, thereby allowing them to develop resistance to and survive smoke-induced toxicity.

Effect of Hyperhomocysteinemia on a Murine Model of Smoke-Induced Pulmonary Emphysema.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Nakano ◽  
Sumito Inoue ◽  
Akira Igarashi ◽  
Yoshikane Tokairin ◽  
Keiko Yamauchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Pulmonary Emphysema ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alveolar Cells ◽  
Folate Supplementation ◽  
Simultaneous Stimulation ◽  
Smoking Susceptibility

Abstract Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) was reported to enhance endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequent apoptosis in several cells. However, the precise mechanisms of smoking susceptibility associated with HHcy has not been fully elucidated. This study included seven- to nine-week-old C57BL6 male mice induced with HHcy and were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS). A549 cells (human alveolar epithelial cell line) were cultured with homocysteine and were exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) to observe cell viability and expression of proteins related to the ER stress. After 6 months of CS exposure, pulmonary emphysema was more severely induced in the group under the condition of HHcy compared to that in the control group. The apoptotic A549 cells increased as Hcy concentration increased and that was enhanced by CSE. Protein expression levels of ER stress markers were significantly increased after simultaneous stimulation. Notably, vitamin B12 and folate supplementation improved ER stress after simultaneous stimulation of A549 cells. HHcy exacerbated smoking-induced pulmonary emphysema and ER stress-induced alveolar cell apoptosis. ER stress in alveolar cells was reversed by vitamin B12 and folate supplementation, suggesting that HHcy could be the new therapeutic target to improve smoking susceptibility.

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