The Correlation Between Biofilm Production and Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections Sustained by Candida. A Case Control Study

2017 ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grazia Brunetti ◽  
Valeria Visconti ◽  
Maria Cristina Ghezzi ◽  
Alessandra Giordano ◽  
Giammarco Raponi
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Control Study

Risk factors for noncatheter-related Candida bloodstream infections in intensive care units: A multicenter case-control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 668-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferhat Arslan ◽  
Hulya Caskurlu ◽  
Sema Sarı ◽  
Hayriye Cankar Dal ◽  
Sema Turan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Prior Exposure ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Candida bloodstream infections are associated with high mortality among critically ill patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Studies that explore the risk factors for candidemia may support better patient care in intensive care units. We conducted a retrospective, multicenter case-control study to investigate the risk factors for noncatheter-related Candida bloodstream infections (CBSI) in adult ICUs. Participants selected controls randomly on a 1:1 basis among all noncase patients stayed during the same period in ICUs. Data on 139 cases and 140 controls were deemed eligible. Among the controls, 69 patients died. The stratified Fine-Gray model was used to estimate the subdistribution Hazard ratios. The subdistribution hazards and 95% confidence intervals for final covariates were as follows: prior exposure to antimycotic agents, 2.21 (1.56–3.14); prior exposure to N-acetylcysteine, 0.11 (0.03–0.34) and prior surgical intervention, 1.26 (0.76–2.11). Of the patients, those exposed to antimycotic drugs, 87.1% (54/62) had breakthrough candidemia. Serious renal, hepatic, or hematologic side effects were comparable between patients those exposed and not-exposed to systemic antimycotic drugs. Untargeted administration of antimycotic drugs did not improve survival among candidemic patients (not-exposed, 63.6% [49/77]; exposed % 66.1 [41/62]; P = .899). This study documented that exposure to an antifungal agent is associated with increased the risk of subsequent development of CBSIs among nonneutropenic adult patients admitted to the ICU. Only two centers regularly prescribed N-acetylcysteine. Due to the limited number of subjects, we interpreted the positive effect of N-acetylcysteine on the absolute risk of CBSIs with caution.

scholarly journals 2454. A Cluster of Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections in Connecticut Hemodialysis Patients Associated with Contaminated Wall Boxes and Priming Buckets

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S848-S849
Author(s):  
Lauren Backman ◽  
Diane G Dumigan ◽  
Adora Harizaj ◽  
Marylee Oleksiw ◽  
Evelyn Carusillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Spent Dialysate ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Patients requiring maintenance hemodialysis (HD) are at increased risk of bloodstream infections. We investigated a cluster of infections due to unusual Gram-negative bacilli that affected patients undergoing HD at an outpatient unit with 19 stations (Clinic A). Methods A case was defined as a HD patient at Clinic A with >1 blood or urine culture positive for Delftia acidovorans, Enterobacter absuriae, or Burkholderia cepacia during the period February 1 – April 30, 2018. An investigation included review of patient records, facility policies, practice observation, environmental cultures, and a 1:4 case–control study. Controls were patients without bloodstream infection (BSI) during the outbreak period. Results The cluster included 3 patients. Patient 1 had BSI due to D. acidovorans (2/08), E. absuriae (3/15) and B. cepacia (3/17). Patient 2 had BSI due to D. acidovorans (3/17 and 3/27) and S. maltophilia (4/5). Patient 3 had a urine culture positive for D. acidovorans and S. maltophilia (4/2). The case–control study showed that cases had been dialyzed more often than controls on the third shift (P < 0.0001) and at station 2 (P < 0.0001), where subsequently a wall box spent dialysate drain connection swab culture yielded D. acidovorans. E. absuriae was recovered from wall boxes and spent dialysate drain connection at two stations and from used prime buckets from two stations; one wall box culture grew S. maltophilia. D. acidovorans and E. absuriae patient isolates were not available for genomic analysis. Observations revealed that waste water was leaking onto the floor from several wall boxes, and that priming buckets were often rinsed with tap water after being disinfected with 1:100 bleach solution and not allowed to dry before reuse. Multiple deficiencies in hand hygiene and station disinfection were observed. No deficiencies in water treatment practices were identified. Multiple water cultures obtained in August were negative for the observed pathogens. Conclusion A cluster of unusual Gram-negative infections in outpatient HD patients was most likely due to exposures to contaminated wall boxes or priming buckets; poor hand hygiene and station disinfection can contribute to transmission to patients. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Outbreak ofTsukamurellaSpecies Bloodstream Infection among Patients at an Oncology Clinic, West Virginia, 2011–2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac See ◽  
Duc B. Nguyen ◽  
Somu Chatterjee ◽  
Thein Shwe ◽  
Melissa Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Multiple Infection ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Control Study

Objective.To determine the source and identify control measures of an outbreak ofTsukamurellaspecies bloodstream infections at an outpatient oncology facility.Design.Epidemiologic investigation of the outbreak with a case-control study.Methods.A case was an infection in whichTsukamurellaspecies was isolated from a blood or catheter tip culture during the period January 2011 through June 2012 from a patient of the oncology clinic. Laboratory records of area hospitals and patient charts were reviewed. A case-control study was conducted among clinic patients to identify risk factors forTsukamurellaspecies bloodstream infection. Clinic staff were interviewed, and infection control practices were assessed.Results.Fifteen cases ofTsukamurella (Tsukamurella pulmonisorTsukamurella tyrosinosolvens) bloodstream infection were identified, all in patients with underlying malignancy and indwelling central lines. The median age of case patients was 68 years; 47% were male. The only significant risk factor for infection was receipt of saline flush from the clinic during the period September–October 2011 (P= .03), when the clinic had been preparing saline flush from a common-source bag of saline. Other infection control deficiencies that were identified at the clinic included suboptimal procedures for central line access and preparation of chemotherapy.Conclusion.Although multiple infection control lapses were identified, the outbreak was likely caused by improper preparation of saline flush syringes by the clinic. The outbreak demonstrates that bloodstream infections among oncology patients can result from improper infection control practices and highlights the critical need for increased attention to and oversight of infection control in outpatient oncology settings.

scholarly journals Diagnostic and prognostic performances of serum procalcitonin in patients with bloodstream infections: A parallel, case-control study comprising adults and elderly

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 521-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behrooz Shokouhi ◽  
Kaveh Rezaei Bookani ◽  
Hossein Ghasemi ◽  
Mahmoud Khalouei ◽  
Naghmeh Javanshir Rezaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Parallel Case ◽  
Control Study

Impact of red blood cells transfusion on ICU-acquired bloodstream infections: A case-control study

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 655-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Michalia ◽  
Maria Kompoti ◽  
Aikaterini Panagiotakopoulou ◽  
Gabriela Kallitsi ◽  
Maria Charitidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study
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