Immunological Basis for the Development of Tissue Inflammation and Organ-Specific Autoimmunity in Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis

2009 ◽  
pp. 43-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Korn ◽  
Meike Mitsdoerffer ◽  
Vijay K. Kuchroo
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Organ Specific

scholarly journals Analysis of the Pathogenesis of Experimental Autoimmune Optic Neuritis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Kezuka ◽  
Yoshihiko Usui ◽  
Hiroshi Goto
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Advanced Therapies ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
The Right

Optic neuritis associated with multiple sclerosis has a strong association with organ-specific autoimmune disease. The goal of our research is to establish an optimal organ-specific animal model to elucidate the pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease and to develop therapeutic strategies using the model. This paper is divided into five sections: (1) clinical picture of optic neuritis associated with multiple sclerosis, (2) elucidation of pathogenesis using animal models with inflammation in optic nerve and spinal cord, (3) clinical relevance of concurrent encephalomyelitis in optic neuritis model, (4) retinal damage in a concurrent multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis model, and (5) development of novel therapies using mouse optic neuritis model. Advanced therapies using biologicals have succeeded to control intractable optic neuritis in animal models. This may ultimately lead to prevention of vision loss within a short period from acute onset of optic neuritis in human. By conducting research flexibly, ready to switch from the bench to the bedside and from the bedside to the bench as the opportunity arises, this strategy may help to guide the research of optic neuritis in the right direction.

Cell-based Tolerogenic Therapy, Experience from Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis, Type 1 Diabetes and Rheumatoid Arthritis

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Stojanovic ◽  
Mirjana Dimitrijevic ◽  
Marta Vives-Pi ◽  
Maria Jose Mansilla ◽  
Irma Pujol-Autonell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Animal Models

scholarly journals Inflammation-Related Carcinogenesis: Lessons from Animal Models to Clinical Aspects

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 921
Author(s):  
Futoshi Okada ◽  
Runa Izutsu ◽  
Keisuke Goto ◽  
Mitsuhiko Osaki
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Promote Cell Proliferation ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Altered Gene

Inflammation-related carcinogenesis has long been known as one of the carcinogenesis patterns in humans. Common carcinogenic factors are inflammation caused by infection with pathogens or the uptake of foreign substances from the environment into the body. Inflammation-related carcinogenesis as a cause for cancer-related death worldwide accounts for approximately 20%, and the incidence varies widely by continent, country, and even region of the country and can be affected by economic status or development. Many novel approaches are currently available concerning the development of animal models to elucidate inflammation-related carcinogenesis. By learning from the oldest to the latest animal models for each organ, we sought to uncover the essential common causes of inflammation-related carcinogenesis. This review confirmed that a common etiology of organ-specific animal models that mimic human inflammation-related carcinogenesis is prolonged exudation of inflammatory cells. Genotoxicity or epigenetic modifications by inflammatory cells resulted in gene mutations or altered gene expression, respectively. Inflammatory cytokines/growth factors released from inflammatory cells promote cell proliferation and repair tissue injury, and inflammation serves as a “carcinogenic niche”, because these fundamental biological events are common to all types of carcinogenesis, not just inflammation-related carcinogenesis. Since clinical strategies are needed to prevent carcinogenesis, we propose the therapeutic apheresis of inflammatory cells as a means of eliminating fundamental cause of inflammation-related carcinogenesis.

Inactivation of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) decreases demyelination and enhances remyelination in animal models of multiple sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 189-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam S. Seyedsadr ◽  
Oliver Weinmann ◽  
Ana Amorim ◽  
Benjamin V. Ineichen ◽  
Matteo Egger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate

scholarly journals Using magnetic resonance imaging in animal models to guide drug development in multiple sclerosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabeela Nathoo ◽  
V Wee Yong ◽  
Jeff F Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Potential Therapeutics

Major advances are taking place in the development of therapeutics for multiple sclerosis (MS), with a move past traditional immunomodulatory/immunosuppressive therapies toward medications aimed at promoting remyelination or neuroprotection. With an increase in diversity of MS therapies comes the need to assess the effectiveness of such therapies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the main tools used to evaluate the effectiveness of MS therapeutics in clinical trials. As all new therapeutics for MS are tested in animal models first, it is logical that MRI be incorporated into preclinical studies assessing therapeutics. Here, we review key papers showing how MR imaging has been combined with a range of animal models to evaluate potential therapeutics for MS. We also advise on how to maximize the potential for incorporating MRI into preclinical studies evaluating possible therapeutics for MS, which should improve the likelihood of discovering new medications for the condition.

scholarly journals Animal models of Multiple Sclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 759 ◽  
pp. 182-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Procaccini ◽  
Veronica De Rosa ◽  
Valentina Pucino ◽  
Luigi Formisano ◽  
Giuseppe Matarese
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Animal Models

Role of Th17 cell in tissue inflammation and organ-specific autoimmunity

2022 ◽  
pp. 93-121
Author(s):  
Rajdeep Dalal ◽  
Srikanth Sadhu ◽  
Amit Awasthi
Keyword(s):  
Th17 Cell ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Organ Specific

Basic Science in Multiple Sclerosis Research

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Gilmore ◽  
Leslie P. Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Multiple Features ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
And Gender

Through the lens of basic science, this chapter provides an overview of research in multiple sclerosis, with a focus on progress and promise in the study of neuropathological and immunological characteristics of the disease and the influence of genetics, environmental factors, and gender. The stage for discussion is set with consideration for the challenges presented by the complexity and heterogeneity inherent in multiple features of the disease. Key research questions are identified and discussed, along with the importance of contributions from advancements in technology and from animal models. The chapter seeks to illuminate the overall goals of basic research, which are to develop new insights into the causes, triggers, and mechanisms of disease activity in multiple sclerosis and to translate them into strategies to prevent, treat, and ultimately cure this enigmatic disease.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis animal models: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and white paper

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 102371
Author(s):  
Benjamin V. Ineichen ◽  
Pascal Sati ◽  
Tobias Granberg ◽  
Martina Absinta ◽  
Nathanael J. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Resonance Imaging
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