scholarly journals Pharmaceuticals May Disrupt Natural Chemical Information Flows and Species Interactions in Aquatic Systems: Ideas and Perspectives on a Hidden Global Change

2015 ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Van Donk ◽  
Scott Peacor ◽  
Katharina Grosser ◽  
Lisette N. De Senerpont Domis ◽  
Miquel Lürling
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
Information Flows

scholarly journals Interactions between Climate and Nutrient Cycles on Forest Response to Global Change: The Role of Mixed Forests

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester González de Andrés
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Change ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Elemental Ratios ◽  
Nutrient Mineralization ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
The Impact

Forest ecosystems are undergoing unprecedented changes in environmental conditions due to global change impacts. Modification of global biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen, and the subsequent climate change are affecting forest functions at different scales, from physiology and growth of individual trees to cycling of nutrients. This review summarizes the present knowledge regarding the impact of global change on forest functioning not only with respect to climate change, which is the focus of most studies, but also the influence of altered nitrogen cycle and the interactions among them. The carbon dioxide (CO2) fertilization effect on tree growth is expected to be constrained by nutrient imbalances resulting from high N deposition rates and the counteractive effect of increasing water deficit, which interact in a complex way. At the community level, responses to global change are modified by species interactions that may lead to competition for resources and/or relaxation due to facilitation and resource partitioning processes. Thus, some species mixtures can be more resistant to drought than their respective pure forests, albeit it depends on environmental conditions and species’ functional traits. Climate change and nitrogen deposition have additional impacts on litterfall dynamics, and subsequent decomposition and nutrient mineralization processes. Elemental ratios (i.e., stoichiometry) are associated with important ecosystem traits, including trees’ adaptability to stress or decomposition rates. As stoichiometry of different ecosystem components are also influenced by global change, nutrient cycling in forests will be altered too. Therefore, a re-assessment of traditional forest management is needed in order to cope with global change. Proposed silvicultural systems emphasize the key role of diversity to assure multiple ecosystem services, and special attention has been paid to mixed-species forests. Finally, a summary of the patterns and underlying mechanisms governing the relationships between diversity and different ecosystems functions, such as productivity and stability, is provided.

scholarly journals The role of indirect effects in coevolution as mutualism transitions into antagonism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Pedraza ◽  
Hanlun Liu ◽  
Klementyna A. Gawecka ◽  
Jordi Bascompte
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Antagonistic Selection ◽  
Combine Network ◽  
Mutualistic Networks ◽  
Interaction Types ◽  
Tight Integration

Species interactions have evolved from antagonistic to mutualistic and back several times throughout life's history. Yet, it is unclear how changes in the type of interaction between species alter the coevolutionary dynamics of entire communities. This is a pressing matter, as transitions from mutualisms to antagonisms may be becoming more common with human-induced global change. Here, we combine network and evolutionary theory to simulate how shifts in interaction types alter the coevolution of empirical communities. We show that as mutualistic networks shift to antagonistic, selection imposed by direct partners begins to outweigh that imposed by indirect partners. This weakening of indirect effects is associated with communities losing their tight integration of traits and increasing their rate of adaptation. The above changes are more pronounced when specialist consumers are the first species to switch to antagonism. A shift in the outcome of species' interactions may therefore reverberate across communities and alter the direction and speed of coevolution.

scholarly journals Global change and species interactions in terrestrial ecosystems

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1351-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason M. Tylianakis ◽  
Raphael K. Didham ◽  
Jordi Bascompte ◽  
David A. Wardle
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems

Plant Secondary Metabolite Diversity and Species Interactions

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Kessler ◽  
Aino Kalske
Keyword(s):  
Species Interactions ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Mutualistic Interaction

Ever since the first plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) were isolated and identified, questions about their ecological functions and diversity have been raised. Recent advances in analytical chemistry and complex data computation, as well as progress in chemical ecology from mechanistic to functional and evolutionary questions, open a new box of hypotheses. Addressing these hypotheses includes the measurement of complex traits, such as chemodiversity, in a context-dependent manner and allows for a deeper understanding of the multifunctionality and functional redundancy of PSMs. Here we review a hypothesis framework that addresses PSM diversity on multiple ecological levels (α, β, and γ chemodiversity), its variation in space and time, and the potential agents of natural selection. We use the concept of chemical information transfer as mediator of antagonistic and mutualistic interaction to interpret functional and microevolutionary studies and create a hypothesis framework for understanding chemodiversity as a factor driving ecological processes.

Food-chain length alters community responses to global change in aquatic systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars-Anders Hansson ◽  
Alice Nicolle ◽  
Wilhelm Granéli ◽  
Per Hallgren ◽  
Emma Kritzberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Community Responses ◽  
Food Chain Length

The smell of change: warming affects species interactions mediated by chemical information

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3586-3594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Sentis ◽  
Felipe Ramon-Portugal ◽  
Jacques Brodeur ◽  
Jean-Louis Hemptinne
Keyword(s):  
Species Interactions ◽  
Chemical Information
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