Pulmonary Nodules and Lung Cancer

2010 ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Henzler ◽  
Gerald Schmid-Bindert ◽  
Christian Fink
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules

scholarly journals Effect of a pulmonary nodule fact sheet on patient anxiety and knowledge: a quality improvement initiative

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e000437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T Koroscil ◽  
Mitchell H Bowman ◽  
Michael J Morris ◽  
Andrew J Skabelund ◽  
Andrew M Hersh
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Pulmonary Nodule ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Quality Improvement Initiative ◽  
Patient Anxiety ◽  
Patient Understanding ◽  
Fact Sheet

IntroductionThe utilisation of chest CT for the evaluation of pulmonary disorders, including low-dose CT for lung cancer screening, is increasing in the USA. As a result, the discovery of both screening-detected and incidental pulmonary nodules has become more frequent. Despite an overall low risk of malignancy, pulmonary nodules are a common cause of emotional distress among adult patients.MethodsWe conducted a multi-institutional quality improvement (QI) initiative involving 101 participants to determine the effect of a pulmonary nodule fact sheet on patient knowledge and anxiety. Males and females aged 35 years or older, who had a history of either screening-detected or incidental solid pulmonary nodule(s) sized 3–8 mm, were included. Prior to an internal medicine or pulmonary medicine clinic visit, participants were given a packet containing a pre-fact sheet survey, a pulmonary nodule fact sheet and a post-fact sheet survey.ResultsOf 101 patients, 61 (60.4%) worried about their pulmonary nodule at least once per month with 18 (17.8%) worrying daily. The majority 67/101 (66.3%) selected chemotherapy, chemotherapy and radiation, or radiation as the best method to cure early-stage lung cancer. Despite ongoing radiographic surveillance, 16/101 (15.8%) stated they would not be interested in an intervention if lung cancer was diagnosed. Following review of the pulmonary nodule fact sheet, 84/101 (83.2%) reported improved anxiety and 96/101 (95.0%) reported an improved understanding of their health situation. Patient understanding significantly improved from 4.2/10.0 to 8.1/10.0 (p<0.01).ConclusionThe incorporation of a standardised fact sheet for subcentimeter solid pulmonary nodules improves patient understanding and alleviates anxiety. We plan to implement pulmonary nodule fact sheets into the care of our patients with low-risk subcentimeter pulmonary nodules.

scholarly journals Effect of Nodule Characteristics on Variability of Semiautomated Volume Measurements in Pulmonary Nodules Detected in a Lung Cancer Screening Program

Radiology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 248 (2) ◽  
pp. 625-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Rob J. van Klaveren ◽  
Hester J. van der Zaag–Loonen ◽  
Geertruida H. de Bock ◽  
Hester A. Gietema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Screening Program ◽  
Volume Measurements ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening Program

scholarly journals Malignant melanoma without primary, presenting as solitary pulmonary nodule: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Tsaknis ◽  
Muhammad Naeem ◽  
Advitya Singh ◽  
Siddharth Vijayakumar
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Pulmonary Nodule ◽  
Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ◽  
Past History ◽  
White Male ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Metastatic Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Solitary Pulmonary Nodules

Abstract Background Solitary pulmonary nodules are the most common incidental finding on chest imaging. Their management is very well defined by several guidelines, with risk calculators for lung cancer being the gold standard. Solitary intramuscular metastasis combined with a solitary pulmonary nodule from malignant melanoma without a primary site is rare. Case presentation A 57-year-old white male was referred to our lung cancer service with solitary pulmonary nodule. After positron-emission tomography, we performed an ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy of an intramuscular solitary lesion, not identified on computed tomography scan, and diagnosed metastatic malignant melanoma. The solitary pulmonary nodule was resected and also confirmed metastatic melanoma. There was no primary skin lesion. The patient received oral targeted therapy and is disease-free 5 years later. Conclusions Clinicians dealing with solitary pulmonary nodules must remain vigilant for other extrathoracic malignancies even in the absence of obvious past history. Lung metastasectomy may have a role in metastatic malignant melanoma with unknown primary.

scholarly journals Lung adenocarcinoma and sequential antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 030006052199331
Author(s):  
Chun-Yang Zhang ◽  
Ran Miao ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Hao-Yong Ning ◽  
Xiang-En Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Crescentic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody ◽  
Necrotizing Crescentic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Transthoracic Biopsy ◽  
Nasal Inflammation ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) and lung cancer remains unclear. A 66-year-old man presented with pulmonary nodules. Histological examination of a specimen from computed tomography-guided percutaneous transthoracic biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma. The patient was treated using cryoablation and systemic chemotherapy. Sixteen months later, the patient presented with fever, nasal inflammation, recurrent lung lesions, elevated serum creatinine levels, and high levels of ANCA. Histological examination of a specimen from ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy revealed pauci-immune necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis. The patient responded to treatment, but granulomatosis with polyangiitis recurred and he later died. This case highlights the possibility of sequential AAV with lung cancer. Although this is relatively rare, further research is needed to better understand the association or pathophysiological link between lung cancer and AAV.

After All, It was Not Lung Cancer: When The Evidence is Misleading

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Braga ◽  
Francesca Pereira ◽  
Cristiana Fernandes ◽  
Marinha Silva ◽  
Cristina Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Pleuritic Chest Pain ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Serious Disease

The aetiology of pulmonary nodules is varied, with malignant lesions being the most important and requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. However, although clinical presentation and imaging may suggest a specific diagnosis, it should be kept in mind that some benign pathologies mimic more serious disease. A 50-year-old man presented with left pleuritic chest pain. A CT scan showed an ipsilateral pulmonary spiculated nodule. Pneumonia was assumed and the patient was started on antibiotic therapy. In the absence of improvement, positron emission tomography and a transthoracic aspiration biopsy were performed. Lung cancer was diagnosed and the patient underwent an upper lobectomy. However, examination of the surgical specimen showed no malignancy.

scholarly journals Morphological characteristics of potentially malignant pulmonary nodules in high-risk male smokers detected in lung cancer screening trial in Cracow, Poland

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Kiszka ◽  
Lucyna Rudnicka-Sosin ◽  
Romana Tomaszewska ◽  
Małgorzata Urbańczyk-Zawadzka ◽  
Maciej Krupiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Screening Trial ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Screening Trial

scholarly journals Mobile Low-Dose Computed Tomographic (LDCT) Scanning combined with Remote Reading: a feasible approach to lung cancer screening among rural population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojiang Chen ◽  
Jun Shao ◽  
Jinghong Xian ◽  
Pengwei Ren ◽  
Wenxin Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Western China ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Local Hospital ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Computed Tomographic

Abstract BackgroundLow-dose computed tomographic (LDCT) screening has been proven to be powerful in detecting lung cancers in early stage. However, it’s hard to carry out in less-developed regions in lacking of facilities and professionals. The feasibility and efficacy of mobile LDCT scanning combined with remote reading by experienced radiologists from superior hospital for lung cancer screening in deprived areas was explored in this study.MethodsA prospective cohort was conducted in rural areas of western China. Residents over 40 years old were invited for lung cancer screening by mobile LDCT scanning combined with remote image reading or local hospital-based LDCT screening. Rates of positive pulmonary nodules and detected lung cancers in the baseline were compared between the two groups.ResultsAmong 8073 candidates with preliminary response, 7251 eligibilities were assigned to the mobile LDCT with remote reading (n = 4527) and local hospital-based LDCT screening (n = 2724) for lung cancer. Basic characteristics of the subjects were almost similar in the two cohorts except that the mean age of participants in mobile group was relatively older than control (61.18 vs. 59.84 years old, P < 0.001). 1778 participants with mobile LDCT scans with remote reading (39.3%) revealed 2570 pulmonary nodules or mass, and 352 subjects in the control group (13.0%) were detected 472 ones (P < 0.001). Proportions of nodules less than 8 mm or subsolid were both more frequent in the mobile LDCT group (83.3% vs. 76.1%, 32.9% vs. 29.8%, respectively; both P < 0.05). In the baseline screening, 26 cases of lung cancer were identified in the mobile LDCT scanning with remote reading cohort, with a lung cancer detection rate of 0.57% (26/4527), which was significantly higher than control (4/2724 = 0.15%, P = 0.006). Moreover, 80.8% (21/26) of lung cancer patients detected by mobile CT with remote reading were in stage I, remarkedly higher than that of 25.0% in control (1/4, P = 0.020).ConclusionMobile LDCT combined with remote reading is probably a potential mode for lung cancer screening in rural areas.Trial registrationNo. of registration trial was ChiCTR-DDD-15007586 (http://www.chictr.org).

scholarly journals Diagnosis of pulmonary nodules by DNA methylation analysis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Li ◽  
Zhujia Ye ◽  
Sai Yang ◽  
Hao Yang ◽  
Jing Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Squamous Carcinoma ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Auc Value ◽  
Validation Set

Abstract Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The alteration of DNA methylation plays a major role in the development of lung cancer. Methylation biomarkers become a possible method for lung cancer diagnosis. Results We identified eleven lung cancer-specific methylation markers (CDO1, GSHR, HOXA11, HOXB4-1, HOXB4-2, HOXB4-3, HOXB4-4, LHX9, MIR196A1, PTGER4-1, and PTGER4-2), which could differentiate benign and malignant pulmonary nodules. The methylation levels of these markers are significantly higher in malignant tissues. In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples, the methylation signals maintain the same differential trend as in tissues. An optimal 5-marker model for pulmonary nodule diagnosis (malignant vs. benign) was developed from all possible combinations of the eleven markers. In the test set (57 tissue and 71 BALF samples), the area under curve (AUC) value achieves 0.93, and the overall sensitivity is 82% at the specificity of 91%. In an independent validation set (111 BALF samples), the AUC is 0.82 with a specificity of 82% and a sensitivity of 70%. Conclusions This model can differentiate pulmonary adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma from benign diseases, especially for infection, inflammation, and tuberculosis. The model’s performance is not affected by gender, age, smoking history, or the solid components of nodules.

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