Molecular Probes for Imaging the Sigma-2 Receptor: In Vitro and In Vivo Imaging Studies

2016 ◽  
pp. 309-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenbo Zeng ◽  
Elizabeth S. McDonald ◽  
Robert H. Mach
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Molecular Probes ◽  
Imaging Studies

Traceable Peptidic Ligands that Target Ghrelin Receptors

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 955-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjie Liu ◽  
John Wade ◽  
Mohammed Akhter Hossain
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Cognate Receptor ◽  
Ghrelin Receptors ◽  
Biochemical Research

: Ghrelin is a 28-amino acid octanoylated peptide hormone that is implicated in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. Specific visualization of ghrelin and its cognate receptor using traceable ligands is crucial in elucidating the localization, functions, and expression pattern of the peptide’s signaling pathway. Here 12 representative radio- and fluorescently-labeled peptide-based ligands are reviewed for in vitro and in vivo imaging studies. In particular, the focus is on their structural features, pharmacological properties, and applications in further biochemical research.

In Vitro and in Vivo Imaging Studies of a New Endohedral Metallofullerene Nanoparticle

Radiology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 240 (3) ◽  
pp. 756-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panos P. Fatouros ◽  
Frank D. Corwin ◽  
Zhi-Jian Chen ◽  
William C. Broaddus ◽  
James L. Tatum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Endohedral Metallofullerene

Human Anti-Mouse Antibodies

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 921-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
George G. Klee
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Short Article ◽  
Human Immunoglobulins ◽  
Monoclonal Mouse

Abstract Human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMA) are human immunoglobulins with specificity for mouse immunoglobulins. This topic currently is of interest because of the increased use of monoclonal mouse antibodies as diagnostic reagents both for in vitro laboratory measurements and for in vivo imaging studies. Monoclonal mouse antibodies also are being used therapeutically. This short article reviews the production of HAMA in patients receiving monoclonal antibodies and illustrates the potential ways that HAMA can interfere with immunoassay measurements. Methods for measuring and neutralizing HAMA also are discussed.

scholarly journals Influence of Oxidative Stress on Time-Resolved Oxygen Detection by [Ru(Phen)3]2+ In Vivo and In Vitro

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
Veronika Huntosova ◽  
Denis Horvath ◽  
Robert Seliga ◽  
Georges Wagnieres
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Intact Cell ◽  
Molecular Probes ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Oxygen Detection

Detection of tissue and cell oxygenation is of high importance in fundamental biological and in many medical applications, particularly for monitoring dysfunction in the early stages of cancer. Measurements of the luminescence lifetimes of molecular probes offer a very promising and non-invasive approach to estimate tissue and cell oxygenation in vivo and in vitro. We optimized the evaluation of oxygen detection in vivo by [Ru(Phen)3]2+ in the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane model. Its luminescence lifetimes measured in the CAM were analyzed through hierarchical clustering. The detection of the tissue oxygenation at the oxidative stress conditions is still challenging. We applied simultaneous time-resolved recording of the mitochondrial probe MitoTrackerTM OrangeCMTMRos fluorescence and [Ru(Phen)3]2+ phosphorescence imaging in the intact cell without affecting the sensitivities of these molecular probes. [Ru(Phen)3]2+ was demonstrated to be suitable for in vitro detection of oxygen under various stress factors that mimic oxidative stress: other molecular sensors, H2O2, and curcumin-mediated photodynamic therapy in glioma cancer cells. Low phototoxicities of the molecular probes were finally observed. Our study offers a high potential for the application and generalization of tissue oxygenation as an innovative approach based on the similarities between interdependent biological influences. It is particularly suitable for therapeutic approaches targeting metabolic alterations as well as oxygen, glucose, or lipid deprivation.

scholarly journals Molecular imaging and deep learning analysis of uMUC1 expression in response to chemotherapy in an orthotopic model of ovarian cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Zhao ◽  
Hasaan Hayat ◽  
Xiaohong Ma ◽  
Daguang Fan ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy

Abstract Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms including deep learning have recently demonstrated remarkable progress in image-recognition tasks. Here, we utilized AI for monitoring the expression of underglycosylated mucin 1 (uMUC1) tumor antigen, a biomarker for ovarian cancer progression and response to therapy, using contrast-enhanced in vivo imaging. This was done using a dual-modal (magnetic resonance and near infrared optical imaging) uMUC1-specific probe (termed MN-EPPT) consisted of iron-oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MN) conjugated to a uMUC1-specific peptide (EPPT) and labeled with a near-infrared fluorescent dye, Cy5.5. In vitro studies performed in uMUC1-expressing human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3/Luc and control uMUC1low ES-2 cells showed preferential uptake on the probe by the high expressor (n = 3, p < .05). A decrease in MN-EPPT uptake by SKOV3/Luc cells in vitro due to uMUC1 downregulation after docetaxel therapy was paralleled by in vivo imaging studies that showed a reduction in probe accumulation in the docetaxel treated group (n = 5, p < .05). The imaging data were analyzed using deep learning-enabled segmentation and quantification of the tumor region of interest (ROI) from raw input MRI sequences by applying AI algorithms including a blend of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Fully Connected Neural Networks. We believe that the algorithms used in this study have the potential to improve studying and monitoring cancer progression, amongst other diseases.

scholarly journals A Selective ATP-Binding Cassette Subfamily G Member 2 Efflux Inhibitor Revealed via High-Throughput Flow Cytometry

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jacob Strouse ◽  
Irena Ivnitski-Steele ◽  
Hadya M. Khawaja ◽  
Dominique Perez ◽  
Jerec Ricci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Probes ◽  
Atp Binding ◽  
Specific Substrate ◽  
Tumor Resistance ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Efflux Inhibition ◽  
Substrate Inhibitor ◽  
Atp Binding Cassette

Chemotherapeutics tumor resistance is a principal reason for treatment failure, and clinical and experimental data indicate that multidrug transporters such as ATP-binding cassette (ABC) B1 and ABCG2 play a leading role by preventing cytotoxic intracellular drug concentrations. Functional efflux inhibition of existing chemotherapeutics by these pumps continues to present a promising approach for treatment. A contributing factor to the failure of existing inhibitors in clinical applications is limited understanding of specific substrate/inhibitor/pump interactions. We have identified selective efflux inhibitors by profiling multiple ABC transporters against a library of small molecules to find molecular probes to further explore such interactions. In our primary screening protocol using JC-1 as a dual-pump fluorescent reporter substrate, we identified a piperazine-substituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine substructure with promise for selective efflux inhibition. As a result of a focused structure-activity relationship (SAR)–driven chemistry effort, we describe compound 1 (CID44640177), an efflux inhibitor with selectivity toward ABCG2 over ABCB1. Compound 1 is also shown to potentiate the activity of mitoxantrone in vitro as well as preliminarily in vivo in an ABCG2-overexpressing tumor model. At least two analogues significantly reduce tumor size in combination with the chemotherapeutic topotecan. To our knowledge, low nanomolar chemoreversal activity coupled with direct evidence of efflux inhibition for ABCG2 is unprecedented.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Imaging of Peptide-Encapsulated Polymer Nanoparticles for Cancer Biomarker Activated Drug Delivery

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulsim K. Kulsharova ◽  
Matthew B. Lee ◽  
Felice Cheng ◽  
Munima Haque ◽  
Hyungsoo Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Cancer Biomarker ◽  
Polymer Nanoparticles
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