Ontology Selection for the Real Semantic Web: How to Cover the Queen’s Birthday Dinner?

2006 ◽  
pp. 96-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Sabou ◽  
Vanessa Lopez ◽  
Enrico Motta
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
The Real ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Ontology Selection

Ontology Versioning Driven by Instance Evolution in the τOWL Framework

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zouhaier Brahmia ◽  
Fabio Grandi ◽  
Abir Zekri ◽  
Rafik Bouaziz
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Real World ◽  
Ontology Construction ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Real ◽  
Initial Design ◽  
Design Time ◽  
Schema Versioning ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

Like other components of Semantic Web-based applications, ontologies are evolving over time to reflect changes in the real world. Several of these applications require keeping a full-fledged history of ontology changes so that both ontology instance versions and their corresponding ontology schema versions are maintained. Updates to an ontology instance could be non-conservative that is leading to a new ontology instance version no longer conforming to the current ontology schema version. If, for some reasons, a non-conservative update has to be executed, in spite of its consequence, it requires the production of a new ontology schema version to which the new ontology instance version is conformant so that the new ontology version produced by the update is globally consistent. In this paper, we first propose an approach that supports ontology schema changes which are triggered by non-conservative updates to ontology instances and, thus, gives rise to an ontology schema versioning driven by instance updates. Note that in an engineering perspective, such an approach can be used as an incremental ontology construction method driven by the modification of instance data, whose exact structure may not be completely known at the initial design time. After that, we apply our proposal to the already established [Formula: see text]OWL (Temporal OWL 2) framework, which allows defining and evolving temporal OWL 2 ontologies in an environment that supports temporal versioning of both ontology instances and ontology schemas, by extending it to also support the management of non-conservative updates to ontology instance versions. Last, we show the feasibility of our approach by dealing with its implementation within a new release of the [Formula: see text] OWL-Manager tool.

Features and Limitations of Ontologies for Coronavirus Data Management in Libraries

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-40
Author(s):  
Enrique Wulff
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Data Management ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Semantic Data ◽  
Important Quality ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Or Applications

The purpose of this chapter is to follow the evolution of what has occurred over time in the ontologies published in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Correctness and completeness of ontologies on the schema and instance level are important quality criteria in their selection for an application. To help both the librarians and the users, there is a need of a framework for the comparison of different semantic data sources in the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, online services and/or applications based on ontologies or SKOS-based COVID-19 thesauri are still rare. As an emerging technology in libraries, an all-integrating ontology for coronavirus disease knowledge and data refers to the continuing development of an existing technology. In spite of using ontologies in the Semantic Web, meanings of concepts and relationships are still largely unrealized in terms of obtaining accurate and timely information about COVID-19. But the nature of causal relationships on this disease is made accessible through ontologies as the material in which its main concepts are supported.

Deterioration of liver function after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): An exploratory analysis of OPTIMIS—An international observational study assessing the use of sorafenib after TACE.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 368-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatoshi Kudo ◽  
Jean-Luc Raoul ◽  
Han Chu Lee ◽  
Ann-Lii Cheng ◽  
Keiko Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Real World ◽  
International Normalized Ratio ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
The Real ◽  
Optimal Outcomes ◽  
Real World Setting ◽  
Selection For ◽  
B 52 ◽  
Clinical Trial Information

368 Background: TACE is commonly used for patients (pts) with unresectable HCC, and appropriate pt selection is important to obtain optimal outcomes. However, there is no globally accepted consensus on unsuitability and refractoriness to TACE. Retrospective studies suggest that continuing TACE after refractoriness or failure is harmful and may cause pts to become ineligible for further treatments because of liver function deterioration. This exploratory analysis of OPTIMIS evaluated the real-world incidence of liver function deterioration by baseline liver characteristics after first TACE. Methods: OPTIMIS enrolled 1670 pts with HCC for whom a decision to treat with TACE was made at the time of study entry. Liver function deterioration was defined as worsening of CTCAE grade compared with baseline for any of these parameters: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin, albumin, and prothrombin international normalized ratio (INR). All analyses are descriptive. Results: A total of 977 pts received TACE. The incidence of liver deterioration was higher in pts with BCLC stage C vs stage B (52% vs 44%, respectively), in pts exceeding the up-to-7 criteria compared with those within (49% vs 43%, respectively), and in those deemed unsuitable for TACE at baseline versus those deemed eligible (53% vs 44%, respectively) (Table). Conclusions: Deterioration of liver function parameters was observed after TACE in pts with HCC in the real-world setting. Therefore, appropriate pt selection for TACE and preserving liver function are important to optimize the benefit of TACE and subsequent treatments. Clinical trial information: NCT01933945. [Table: see text]

How the World is Signified

2008 ◽  
pp. 199-213
Author(s):  
Azamat Abdoullaev
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
World Knowledge ◽  
Critical Dimensions ◽  
Semantic Technology ◽  
The Real ◽  
The World ◽  
True Representation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Automated Tools

How reality or the world with its parts and levels might be truly symbolized and represented by emerging semantic technology and knowledge systems appears the most challenging topic in the field of top ontology and ontology engineering. Along with causality, knowing the relationship of meaning makes all the difference in true representation of the real world features, in understanding (sensing, reading, or resolving) the real meaning values of world knowledge representation and reasoning. A formal account of meaning (or significance) is becoming a decisive issue in the whole matter of the Semantic Web promising machine-based processing by means of advanced information technologies. For without understanding the nature of meaning, its critical dimensions, mechanisms, and algorithms of representation in computable forms, the whole enterprise of semantic technology is an otiose undertaking and expensive academic mystification. As far as computing ontology is viewed as a semantic model where the relationships among resources are to be identified, differentiated, or processed by automated tools [SICoP, 2005], the above meaningful topics presuppose creating the standard ontology framework. As far as the emerging Semantic Web is the universal medium for the exchange of information across users, systems, applications, and networks, the unified frame ontology is the universal semantic platform for a uniform organization of all human knowledge.

Identity in the Real World

2010 ◽  
pp. 104-118
Author(s):  
Matteo Casu ◽  
Luca Albergante
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Real World ◽  
Description Logics ◽  
Leibniz’S Law ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Past ◽  
Definition Of

The notion of identity has been discussed extensively in the past. Leibniz was the first to present this notion in a logically coherent way, using a formulation generally recognized as “Leibniz's Law”. Although some authors criticized this formulation, Leibniz's Law is generally accepted as the definition of identity. This work interprets Leibniz's Law as a limit notion: perfectly reasonable in a <i>God's eye</i> view of reality, but very difficult to use in the real world because of the limitedness of finite agents. To illustrate our approach we use “description logics” to describe the properties of objects, and present an approach to relativize Leibniz's Law. This relativization is further developed in a semantic web context, where the utility of our approach is suggested.

scholarly journals iSemServ: A model-driven approach for developing semantic web services

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jabu Mtsweni ◽  
Elmarie Biermann ◽  
Laurette Pretorius
Keyword(s):  
Web Services ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Real World ◽  
Semantic Web Services ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
The Real ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Description Languages ◽  
Model Driven Approach

The benefits of incorporating Semantic Web Services in web applications are well documented. However, both the real-world implementation and adoption of these services are still rather limited in practice. This is despite the promises that extend syntactic Web services with capabilities such as automatic service discovery, composition, and execution. Some of the barriers to the real-world implementation are the complexities and tool support related to the development of Semantic Web Services. In this article, the main challenge that is addressed is the tight coupling of existing Semantic Web Services (SWS) development platforms to specific semantic description languages and service description languages, which unintentionally lead to unbending service development environments. The main contribution in this article is therefore a model-driven approach called iSemServ that exploits mature technologies, such as UML, and model-transformation techniques for simplifying and semi-automating the development of SWS using description languages of choice, such as Web Ontology Language for Services (OWL-S) and Web Application Description Language (WADL). A design science research methodology was employed in conducting the study. The suggested approach was practically implemented as an Eclipse plug-in and evaluated based on a real-world use case scenario and comparative analysis of related solutions. The evaluation results show that our proposed solution is relevant and appropriate in aiding the semi-automatic development of SWS, albeit with a number of limitations that could be addressed by extending the proposed practical solution.

Applying Database Techniques to the Semantic Web

2005 ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Maria del Mar Roldán-García ◽  
Ismael Navas-Delgado ◽  
José F. Aldana-Montes
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Real World ◽  
Formal Representation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Web Resources ◽  
The Web ◽  
Web Querying

Information on the Web has grown very quickly. The semantics of this information are becoming explicit and the Semantic Web (Berners-Lee, Hendler, & Lassila, 2001) is emerging. Ontologies provide a formal representation of the real world by defining concepts and relationships between them. In order to provide semantics to Web resources, instances of such concepts and relationships are used to annotate them. These annotations on the resources, which are based on ontologies, are the foundation of the Semantic Web. Because of the Web’s size we have to deal with large amounts of knowledge. All this information must be represented and managed efficiently to guarantee the feasibility of the Semantic Web. Querying and reasoning over instances of ontologies will make the Semantic Web useful.

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