Novel Traffic Measurement Methodology for High Precision Applications Awareness in Multi-gigabit Networks

2006 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Taesang Choi ◽  
Sangsik Yoon ◽  
Dongwon Kang ◽  
Sangwan Kim ◽  
Joonkyung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Traffic Measurement ◽  
Measurement Methodology ◽  
Gigabit Networks

Calibration of a Digital Camera for Rapid Auditing of In Situ Intersection Illumination

2017 ◽  
Vol 2617 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Franklin E. Gbologah ◽  
Angshuman Guin ◽  
Roger Purcell ◽  
Michael O. Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Functional Class ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Measurement Methodology ◽  
Roadway Lighting ◽  
Transportation Agencies

The regular auditing of installed roadway lighting performance is essential in ensuring that in situ light levels are within design specifications despite the effects of lamp deterioration or changes in roadway functional class. However, existing guidelines for measuring roadway lighting performance are tedious and often impractical for transportation agencies and municipalities, which are already faced with time and resource constraints. A method for calibrating a digital single lens reflex camera for rapid assessment of illumination levels at roadway intersections is developed in this paper. The method uses an image analysis approach to extract pixel information in a digital image and link it to the scene luminance. It uses high-precision light meters to perform an initial calibration of the digital camera that has proved to be stable over long periods. The method was tested with field data, and the results indicate that average scene luminance derived from this method differs by less than 4% from the average observed scene luminance captured by high-precision luminance meters involving a rigorous field measurement methodology. The methodology developed in this study offers transportation agencies and municipalities a rapid, inexpensive, and efficient method for auditing the adequacy of roadway illumination.

High precision traffic measurement

2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Cleary ◽  
I. Graham ◽  
T. McGregor ◽  
M. Pearson ◽  
L. Ziedins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Traffic Measurement

scholarly journals Investigating uptake of N<sub>2</sub>O in agricultural soils using a high-precision dynamic chamber method

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 8125-8147 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Cowan ◽  
D. Famulari ◽  
P. E. Levy ◽  
M. Anderson ◽  
D. S. Reay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Flux Measurement ◽  
Dynamic Chamber ◽  
Measurement Methodology ◽  
Flux Measurements ◽  
Sign Convention ◽  
Instrument Noise ◽  
Negative Flux

Abstract. Uptake (or negative flux) of nitrous oxide (N2O) in agricultural soils is a controversial issue which has proven difficult to investigate in the past due to constraints such as instrumental precision and unknown methodological uncertainties. Using a recently developed high-precision quantum cascade laser (QCL) gas analyser combined with a closed dynamic chamber, a well defined detection limit of 4 μg N2O-N m−2 h−1 could be achieved for individual soil flux measurements. 1220 measurements of N2O flux were made from a variety of UK soils using this method, of which 115 indicated uptake by the soil (i.e. a negative flux in the micrometeorological sign convention). Only 4 of these apparently negative fluxes were greater than the detection limit of the method, which suggests that the vast majority of reported negative fluxes from such measurements are actually due to instrument noise. As such, we suggest that the bulk of negative N2O fluxes reported for agricultural fields are most likely due to limits in detection of a particular flux measurement methodology and not as a result of microbiological activity consuming atmospheric N2O.

scholarly journals Investigating uptake of N<sub>2</sub>O in agricultural soils using a high-precision dynamic chamber method

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4455-4462 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Cowan ◽  
D. Famulari ◽  
P. E. Levy ◽  
M. Anderson ◽  
D. S. Reay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Flux Measurement ◽  
Dynamic Chamber ◽  
Measurement Methodology ◽  
Flux Measurements ◽  
Sign Convention ◽  
Instrument Noise ◽  
Negative Flux

Abstract. Uptake (or negative flux) of nitrous oxide (N2O) in agricultural soils is a controversial issue which has proved difficult to investigate in the past due to constraints such as instrumental precision and methodological uncertainties. Using a recently developed high-precision quantum cascade laser gas analyser combined with a closed dynamic chamber, a well-defined detection limit of 4 μg N2O-N m−2 h−1 could be achieved for individual soil flux measurements. 1220 measurements of N2O flux were made from a variety of UK soils using this method, of which 115 indicated uptake by the soil (i.e. a negative flux in the micrometeorological sign convention). Only four of these apparently negative fluxes were greater than the detection limit of the method, which suggests that the vast majority of reported negative fluxes from such measurements are actually due to instrument noise. As such, we suggest that the bulk of negative N2O fluxes reported for agricultural fields are most likely due to limits in detection of a particular flux measurement methodology and not a result of microbiological activity consuming atmospheric N2O.

Automatic measurement of SAED patterns from asbestos minerals

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 846-847
Author(s):  
J. C. Russ ◽  
T. Taguchi ◽  
P. M. Peters ◽  
E. Chatfield ◽  
J. C. Russ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Automatic Measurement ◽  
Automatic Method ◽  
Important Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Integrated Intensity ◽  
Asbestiform Minerals ◽  
True Center

Conventional SAD patterns as obtained in the TEM present difficulties for identification of materials such as asbestiform minerals, although diffraction data is considered to be an important method for making this purpose. The preferred orientation of the fibers and the spotty patterns that are obtained do not readily lend themselves to measurement of the integrated intensity values for each d-spacing, and even the d-spacings may be hard to determine precisely because the true center location for the broken rings requires estimation. We have implemented an automatic method for diffraction pattern measurement to overcome these problems. It automatically locates the center of patterns with high precision, measures the radius of each ring of spots in the pattern, and integrates the density of spots in that ring. The resulting spectrum of intensity vs. radius is then used just as a conventional X-ray diffractometer scan would be, to locate peaks and produce a list of d,I values suitable for search/match comparison to known or expected phases.

On effects of non-systematic reflections on weak-beam images of partial dislocations

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 688-689
Author(s):  
K. Z. Botros ◽  
S. S. Sheinin
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Stacking Fault ◽  
Important Application ◽  
Stacking Fault Energy ◽  
Sharp Peak ◽  
Weak Beam ◽  
Partial Dislocations ◽  
Deviation Parameter ◽  
Beam Diffraction

The main features of weak beam images of dislocations were first described by Cockayne et al. using calculations of intensity profiles based on the kinematical and two beam dynamical theories. The feature of weak beam images which is of particular interest in this investigation is that intensity profiles exhibit a sharp peak located at a position very close to the position of the dislocation in the crystal. This property of weak beam images of dislocations has an important application in the determination of stacking fault energy of crystals. This can easily be done since the separation of the partial dislocations bounding a stacking fault ribbon can be measured with high precision, assuming of course that the weak beam relationship between the positions of the image and the dislocation is valid. In order to carry out measurements such as these in practice the specimen must be tilted to "good" weak beam diffraction conditions, which implies utilizing high values of the deviation parameter Sg.

Digital differential hysteresis iimage processing displays what the microscope acquires but the eye can't see

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 642-643
Author(s):  
Klaus-Ruediger Peters
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Visual System ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Processing Technology ◽  
Output Data ◽  
Contrast Resolution ◽  
Pixel Intensity ◽  
Data Reading ◽  
Hysteresis Properties

Differential hysteresis processing is a new image processing technology that provides a tool for the display of image data information at any level of differential contrast resolution. This includes the maximum contrast resolution of the acquisition system which may be 1,000-times higher than that of the visual system (16 bit versus 6 bit). All microscopes acquire high precision contrasts at a level of <0.01-25% of the acquisition range in 16-bit - 8-bit data, but these contrasts are mostly invisible or only partially visible even in conventionally enhanced images. The processing principle of the differential hysteresis tool is based on hysteresis properties of intensity variations within an image.Differential hysteresis image processing moves a cursor of selected intensity range (hysteresis range) along lines through the image data reading each successive pixel intensity. The midpoint of the cursor provides the output data. If the intensity value of the following pixel falls outside of the actual cursor endpoint values, then the cursor follows the data either with its top or with its bottom, but if the pixels' intensity value falls within the cursor range, then the cursor maintains its intensity value.

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