Local View Attack on Anonymous Communication

This chapter considers eight applications of cryptography. These essentially act as case studies relating to all the previous material. For each application, we identify the security requirements, the application constraints, the choice of cryptography used, and the ways that the keys are managed. We begin with the SSL/TLS protocols used to secure Internet communications. We then examine the cryptography used in W-Fi networks, showing that early cryptographic design mistakes have subsequently been corrected. We then examine the evolving cryptography used to secure mobile telecommunications. This is followed by a discussion of the cryptography that underpins the security of payment card transactions. We look at the cryptography of video broadcasting and identity cards. We then examine the cryptography behind the Tor project, which use cryptography to support anonymous communication on the Internet. Finally, we examine the clever cryptographic design of Bitcoin, showing how use of cryptography can facilitate digital currency.

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A Traitor-resistant and Dynamic Anonymous Communication Service for Cloud-based VANETs

IEEE Transactions on Services Computing ◽

10.1109/tsc.2021.3071156 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Huiying Hou ◽

Jianting Ning ◽

Yunlei Zhao ◽

Robert Deng

Keyword(s):

Anonymous Communication ◽

Communication Service

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20,000 In League Under the Sea: Anonymous Communication, Trust, MLATs, and Undersea Cables

Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies ◽

10.1515/popets-2015-0002 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 (1) ◽

pp. 4-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Aaron D. Jaggard ◽

Aaron Johnson ◽

Sarah Cortes ◽

Paul Syverson ◽

Joan Feigenbaum

Keyword(s):

Autonomous System ◽

Probability Distributions ◽

Arms Race ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Modular System ◽

Anonymous Communication ◽

Legal Assistance ◽

Correlation Attacks ◽

Submarine Cables ◽

Undersea Cables

Abstract Motivated by the effectiveness of correlation attacks against Tor, the censorship arms race, and observations of malicious relays in Tor, we propose that Tor users capture their trust in network elements using probability distributions over the sets of elements observed by network adversaries. We present a modular system that allows users to efficiently and conveniently create such distributions and use them to improve their security. To illustrate this system, we present two novel types of adversaries. First, we study a powerful, pervasive adversary that can compromise an unknown number of Autonomous System organizations, Internet Exchange Point organizations, and Tor relay families. Second, we initiate the study of how an adversary might use Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties (MLATs) to enact surveillance. As part of this, we identify submarine cables as a potential subject of trust and incorporate data about these into our MLAT analysis by using them as a proxy for adversary power. Finally, we present preliminary experimental results that show the potential for our trust framework to be used by Tor clients and services to improve security.

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