Animal Cell Expression Systems

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Butler ◽  
U. Reichl
Keyword(s):  
Animal Cell ◽  
Expression Systems ◽  
Cell Expression

Vaccine Production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Porter
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Animal Cell ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Vaccine Production ◽  
Expression Systems ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
Gene Vectors ◽  
Viral Vaccines ◽  
Chicken Eggs ◽  
Embryonated Chicken

Introduction Vaccines are biological products that elicit a protective immune response. The details of the manufacturing processes are varied depending on the particular characteristics of the vaccine. There are classically, three basic types of vaccines against viral and bacterial pathogens (For mRNA-, DNA- and vector-vaccines see Chapters 7, 8, 9): Live-attenuated. Killed (non-live). Subunit. “Classical” Vaccine Production The basic classical process includes 5 phases: expression, harvest, inactivation, purification, formulation. The expression systems for viral and bacterial vaccines are distinct. Bacterial expression is performed in fermenters. Viral vaccines are produced in animal cell culture or embryonated chicken eggs. Processes for whole viral or bacterial vaccines often involve only limited processing after expression. Subunit vaccines routinely require the most purification to separate the product from other contaminants. Challenges Challenges for bacterial vaccines include testing to ensure the safety and efficacy of the product. Inactivation procedures need to be carefully controlled. Live attenuated vaccines need to be tested to ensure the vaccine strains are still safe and effective. Viral vaccines require testing to ensure foreign infectious agents are not introduced during processing. Both cultured cells and egg present risks for infection. Live viral vaccines and gene vectors need to be carefully engineered and tested to minimize safety concerns. Highly variable vaccine targets such as influenza need to be re-adapted to current circulating strains.

Molecular studies on kinin receptors

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 780-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Brown ◽  
Michael Webb ◽  
Elsa Phillips ◽  
Elizabeth Skidmore ◽  
Peter McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Oocyte ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Fibroblast Cell Line ◽  
Expression Systems ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Kinin Receptors ◽  
Human Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Cell Expression

We describe the results of functional studies on DNA clones encoding functional bradykinin receptors derived from human, rat, and mouse sources and including both genomic and complementary DNA clones. In both the Xenopus oocyte and the COS cell expression systems, the receptors from human and rat showed the pharmacological properties of B2 receptors, but receptors from mouse displayed both B1- and B2-like pharmacological properties. We further investigated the molecular relationship between the B1 and B2 receptor subtypes expressed by a human fibroblast cell line, and we demonstrate that these two receptor subtypes are encoded by distinct mRNA species.Key words: B1 receptor, antisense, Xenopus oocyte.

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