Alterations in Male Reproductive Development: The Role of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals

2006 ◽  
pp. 131-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanna H. Swan ◽  
Frederick S. Saal
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting

scholarly journals Hypothetical roadmap towards endometriosis: prenatal endocrine-disrupting chemical pollutant exposure, anogenital distance, gut-genital microbiota and subclinical infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar García-Peñarrubia ◽  
Antonio J Ruiz-Alcaraz ◽  
María Martínez-Esparza ◽  
Pilar Marín ◽  
Francisco Machado-Linde
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Faecal Microbiota ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Anogenital Distance ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Microbial Infections

Abstract BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a gynaecological hormone-dependent disorder that is defined by histological lesions generated by the growth of endometrial-like tissue out of the uterus cavity, most commonly engrafted within the peritoneal cavity, although these lesions can also be located in distant organs. Endometriosis affects ~10% of women of reproductive age, frequently producing severe and, sometimes, incapacitating symptoms, including chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia, among others. Furthermore, endometriosis causes infertility in ~30% of affected women. Despite intense research on the mechanisms involved in the initial development and later progression of endometriosis, many questions remain unanswered and its aetiology remains unknown. Recent studies have demonstrated the critical role played by the relationship between the microbiome and mucosal immunology in preventing sexually transmitted diseases (HIV), infertility and several gynaecologic diseases. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE In this review, we sought to respond to the main research question related to the aetiology of endometriosis. We provide a model pointing out several risk factors that could explain the development of endometriosis. The hypothesis arises from bringing together current findings from large distinct areas, linking high prenatal exposure to environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals with a short anogenital distance, female genital tract contamination with the faecal microbiota and the active role of genital subclinical microbial infections in the development and clinical progression of endometriosis. SEARCH METHODS We performed a search of the scientific literature published until 2019 in the PubMed database. The search strategy included the following keywords in various combinations: endometriosis, anogenital distance, chemical pollutants, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, the microbiome of the female reproductive tract, microbiota and genital tract, bacterial vaginosis, endometritis, oestrogens and microbiota and microbiota–immune system interactions. OUTCOMES On searching the corresponding bibliography, we found frequent associations between environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals and endometriosis risk. Likewise, recent evidence and hypotheses have suggested the active role of genital subclinical microbial infections in the development and clinical progression of endometriosis. Hence, we can envisage a direct relationship between higher prenatal exposure to oestrogens or estrogenic endocrine-disrupting compounds (phthalates, bisphenols, organochlorine pesticides and others) and a shorter anogenital distance, which could favour frequent postnatal episodes of faecal microbiota contamination of the vulva and vagina, producing cervicovaginal microbiota dysbiosis. This relationship would disrupt local antimicrobial defences, subverting the homeostasis state and inducing a subclinical inflammatory response that could evolve into a sustained immune dysregulation, closing the vicious cycle responsible for the development of endometriosis. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Determining the aetiology of endometriosis is a challenging issue. Posing a new hypothesis on this subject provides the initial tool necessary to design future experimental, clinical and epidemiological research that could allow for a better understanding of the origin of this disease. Furthermore, advances in the understanding of its aetiology would allow the identification of new therapeutics and preventive actions.

scholarly journals Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Their Effects during Female Puberty: A Review of Current Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Lucaccioni ◽  
Viola Trevisani ◽  
Lucia Marrozzini ◽  
Natascia Bertoncelli ◽  
Barbara Predieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Secondary Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Single Chemical ◽  
Windows Of Susceptibility ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
Temporal Windows

Puberty is the process of physical changes between childhood and adulthood during which adolescents reach sexual maturity and become capable of reproduction. It is considered one of the main temporal windows of susceptibility for the influence of the endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). EDCs may act as single chemical agents or as chemical mixtures; they can be pubertal influencers, accelerating and anticipating the processing of maturation of secondary sexual characteristics. Moreover, recent studies have started to point out how exposure to EDCs during puberty may predispose to breast cancer later in life. In fact, the estrogen-mimicking endocrine disruptors (EEDs) may influence breast tissue development during puberty in two main ways: the first is the action on the proliferation of the breast stromal cells, the second concerns epigenetic mechanisms. The aim of this mini-review was to better highlight what is new and what is not completely known regarding the role of EDCs during puberty.

Risk management options for endocrine disruptors in national and international programs

2003 ◽  
Vol 75 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 2549-2553
Author(s):  
J. C. Lamb ◽  
H. B. W. M. Koëter ◽  
R. Becker ◽  
A. Gies ◽  
Les Davies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
International Programs ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Industrialized Nations ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting

This workshop was convened to address common issues and concerns associated with risk management of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). The talks described the tools and policies for key Japanese, Australian, German, and U.S. regulatory agencies. The agencies participating in the workshop were responsible for the regulation of various substances including: chemicals, pesticides, environmental contamination, pharmaceuticals, and food additives. The panel also described the role of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in standardizing the tools and validation of testing and screening methods. The panel also included nongovernmental organizations presenting the views of the World Wildlife Fund, and the chemical industry from industrialized nations; each organization described its concerns and proposed approaches to risk management of EDCs. This summary highlights the most important areas of common points of view of government, industry, and environmentalists. We also try to identify issues upon which viewpoints diverge.

scholarly journals Is There a Link between Bisphenol A (BPA), a Key Endocrine Disruptor, and the Risk for SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Severe COVID-19?

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3296
Author(s):  
Aeman Zahra ◽  
Cristina Sisu ◽  
Elisabete Silva ◽  
Sophie-Christine De Aguiar Greca ◽  
Harpal S. Randeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Transmembrane Serine Protease ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of a new disease (COVID-19). The risk of severe COVID-19 is increased by certain underlying comorbidities, including asthma, cancer, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Notably, exposure to hormonally active chemicals called endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can promote such cardio-metabolic diseases, endocrine-related cancers, and immune system dysregulation and thus, may also be linked to higher risk of severe COVID-19. Bisphenol A (BPA) is among the most common EDCs and exerts its effects via receptors which are widely distributed in human tissues, including nuclear oestrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), membrane-bound oestrogen receptor (G protein-coupled receptor 30; GPR30), and human nuclear receptor oestrogen-related receptor gamma. As such, this paper focuses on the potential role of BPA in promoting comorbidities associated with severe COVID-19, as well as on potential BPA-induced effects on key SARS-CoV-2 infection mediators, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2). Interestingly, GPR30 appears to exhibit greater co-localisation with TMPRSS2 in key tissues like lung and prostate, suggesting that BPA exposure may impact on the local expression of these SARS-CoV-2 infection mediators. Overall, the potential role of BPA on the risk and severity of COVID-19 merits further investigation.

The role of activated carbon and disinfection on the removal of endocrine disrupting chemicals and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from wastewater

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 698-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinos Noutsopoulos ◽  
Daniel Mamais ◽  
Thanasis Mpouras ◽  
Despina Kokkinidou ◽  
Vasilios Samaras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Role of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in the Occurrence of Benign Uterine Leiomyomata: Special Emphasis on AhR Tissue Levels

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5445-5450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Arbabi Bidgoli ◽  
Hoda Khorasani ◽  
Heideh Keihan ◽  
Alireza Sadeghipour ◽  
Abolfazl Mehdizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Uterine Leiomyomata ◽  
Tissue Levels ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting
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