scholarly journals Distribution and Quantification of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1, Strain JC499, Proviral DNA in Tissues from an Infected Chimpanzee

Virology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 276 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Wei ◽  
Ali Javadian ◽  
Niels Lausen ◽  
Patricia N. Fultz
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Proviral Dna ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Infected Chimpanzee

scholarly journals Mutations in the Primer Grip of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Impair Proviral DNA Synthesis and Virion Maturation

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 7676-7680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Yu ◽  
Michele Ottmann ◽  
Christine Pechoux ◽  
Stuart Le Grice ◽  
Jean-Luc Darlix
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Virus Assembly ◽  
Conserved Residues ◽  
Proviral Dna ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT This report describes the effects of mutating highly conserved residues in the primer grip domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (RT) on virus formation and infectivity. Among a series of RT mutant viruses, three (M230A, L234D, and W239A) were found to be noninfectious or very poorly infectious. Our data indicate that these mutations in RT caused severe defects in proviral DNA synthesis. Interestingly, assembly and maturation of mutant virus M230A were similar to those of the wild type, while mutants L234D and W239A showed impaired maturation. The immature morphology of RT mutants L234D and W239A is due at least in part to premature cleavage of the gag-pol precursor, prior to virion budding, indicating that intracellular stability of Pr160 gag-pol is of key importance during virus assembly.

Analysis of the junctions between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proviral DNA and human DNA.

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 5626-5627 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Vink ◽  
M Groenink ◽  
Y Elgersma ◽  
R A Fouchier ◽  
M Tersmette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Proviral Dna ◽  
Human Dna ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Preferential Completion of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Proviruses Initiated with tRNA3Lys rather than tRNA1,2Lys

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 5464-5471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Zhang ◽  
Qin Yu ◽  
Sang-Moo Kang ◽  
James Buescher ◽  
Casey D. Morrow
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Primer Binding Site ◽  
Proviral Dna ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT All retroviral genomes contain a nucleotide sequence designated as the primer binding site (PBS) which is complementary to the tRNA used for initiation of reverse transcription. For human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), all naturally occurring genomes have a PBS complementary to tRNA3 Lys. However, within HIV-1 virions, there are approximately equal amounts of tRNA1 Lys, tRNA2 Lys, and tRNA3 Lys. We have used an endogenous reverse transcription-PCR technique specific for the tRNA species within isolated HIV-1 virions to demonstrate that in addition to tRNA3 Lys, tRNA1 Lys and tRNA2 Lys could be used for initiation of HIV-1 reverse transcription. Using a single-round infection assay which employed an HIV-1 genome with a gpt gene encoding xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase in place of the env gene, we generated cell lines resistant to mycophenolic acid. Analysis of the U5-PBS from single-cell clones revealed PBS complementary to tRNA3 Lys, not tRNA1 Lys or tRNA2 Lys. A mutant HIV-1 genome was then created which would favor the completion of reverse transcription with tRNA1,2 Lys. Using this provirus in the complementation system, we again found only genomes with a PBS complementary to tRNA3 Lys from proviral DNA isolated fromgpt-resistant single-cell colonies. Finally, infection of cells with a mutant HIV genome with a PBS complementary to tRNA1,2 Lys resulted in gpt- resistant cell colonies which contained integrated provirions with a PBS complementary to tRNA1,2 Lys. The results of these studies suggest that the selection of tRNA3 Lys for initiation of HIV-1 reverse transcription occurs both at the initiation and at a postinitiation step in reverse transcription prior to integration of the proviral DNA.

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