scholarly journals Characterization ofgagandpolSequences from Long-Term Survivors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

Virology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 240 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoxing Huang ◽  
Linqi Zhang ◽  
David D. Ho
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Long Term Survivors

scholarly journals Characterization of Three nef-Defective Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Strains Associated with Long-Term Nonprogression

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (22) ◽  
pp. 10581-10588 ◽  
Author(s):  
David I. Rhodes ◽  
Lesley Ashton ◽  
Ajantha Solomon ◽  
Andrew Carr ◽  
David Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Long Term Survivors ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Long-term survivors (LTS) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection provide an opportunity to investigate both viral and host factors that influence the rate of disease progression. We have identified three HIV-1-infected individuals in Australia who have been infected for over 11 years with viruses that contain deletions in the nef and nef-long terminal repeat (nef/LTR) overlap regions. These viruses differ from each other and from other nef-defective strains of HIV-1 previously identified in Australia. One individual, LTS 3, is infected with a virus containing a nef gene with a deletion of 29 bp from the nef/LTR overlap region, resulting in a truncated Nef open reading frame. In addition to the Nef defect, only viruses containing truncated Vif open reading frames of 37 or 69 amino acids could be detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from this patient. LTS 3 had a viral load of less than 20 copies of RNA/ml of plasma. The other two long-term survivors, LTS 9 and LTS 11, had loads of less than 200 copies of RNA/ml of plasma and are infected with viruses with larger deletions in both thenef alone and nef/LTR overlap regions. These viruses contain wild-type vif, vpu, andvpr accessory genes. All three strains of virus had envelope sequences characteristic of macrophagetropic viruses. These findings further indicate the reduced pathogenic potential ofnef-defective viruses.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Analysis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 nef/Long Terminal Repeat Sequences in a Cohort of Long-Term Survivors Infected from a Single Source

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 1047-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J. Churchill ◽  
David I. Rhodes ◽  
Jennifer C. Learmont ◽  
John S. Sullivan ◽  
Steven L. Wesselingh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Long Terminal Repeat ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Long Term Survivors ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT We studied the evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in a cohort of long-term survivors infected with an attenuated strain of HIV-1 acquired from a single source. Although the cohort members experienced differing clinical courses, we demonstrate similar evolution of HIV-1 nef/long-terminal repeat (LTR) sequences, characterized by progressive sequence deletions tending toward a minimal nef/LTR structure that retains only sequence elements required for viral replication. The in vivo pathogenicity of attenuated HIV-1 is therefore dictated by viral and/or host factors other than those that impose a unidirectional selection pressure on the nef/LTR region of the HIV-1 genome.

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