scholarly journals Syngeneic Marek's Disease Virus (MDV)-Specific Cell-Mediated Immune Responses against Immediate Early, Late, and Unique MDV Proteins

Virology ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 222 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul R. Omar ◽  
Karel A. Schat
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Immediate Early ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Early Late

scholarly journals A Functional MicroRNA-155 Ortholog Encoded by the Oncogenic Marek's Disease Virus

2008 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 489-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuguang Zhao ◽  
Yongxiu Yao ◽  
Hongtao Xu ◽  
Luke Lambeth ◽  
Lorraine P. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Lymphoid Malignancies

ABSTRACT Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-encoded microRNA (miRNA) MiR-K12-11 was recently shown to be a functional ortholog of miR-155, a miRNA that plays a major role in lymphoid malignancies and the modulation of immune responses. Here we show that miR-M4, encoded by the highly oncogenic Marek's disease virus of chickens, shares common targets with miR-155 and thus is also a functional ortholog of miR-155, the first one identified in an alphaherpesvirus. The observation that two distinct oncogenic herpesviruses associated with distinct types of lymphomas in different species encode functional miR-155 orthologs suggested the importance of this miRNA in regulatory pathways and the biology of lymphomagenesis.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Transcriptomes and Proteomes of Serum Exosomes from Marek’s Disease Virus-Vaccinated and Protected and Lymphoma-Bearing Chickens

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabari Nath Neerukonda ◽  
Phaedra Tavlarides-Hontz ◽  
Fiona McCarthy ◽  
Kenneth Pendarvis ◽  
Mark S. Parcells
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Viral Mrnas ◽  
Serum Exosomes

Marek’s disease virus (MDV) is the causative agent of Marek’s disease (MD), a complex pathology of chickens characterized by paralysis, immunosuppression, and T-cell lymphomagenesis. MD is controlled in poultry production via vaccines administered in ovo or at hatch, and these confer protection against lymphoma formation, but not superinfection by MDV field strains. Despite vaccine-induced humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, mechanisms eliciting systemic protection remain unclear. Here we report the contents of serum exosomes to assess their possible roles as indicators of systemic immunity, and alternatively, tumor formation. We examined the RNA and protein content of serum exosomes from CVI988 (Rispens)-vaccinated and protected chickens (VEX), and unvaccinated tumor-bearing chickens (TEX), via deep-sequencing and mass spectrometry, respectively. Bioinformatic analyses of microRNAs (miRNAs) and predicted miRNA targets indicated a greater abundance of tumor suppressor miRNAs in VEX compared to TEX. Conversely, oncomiRs originating from cellular (miRs 106a-363) and MDV miRNA clusters were more abundant in TEX compared to VEX. Most notably, mRNAs mapping to the entire MDV genome were identified in VEX, while mRNAs mapping to the repeats flanking the unique long (IRL/TRL) were identified in TEX. These data suggest that long-term systemic vaccine-induced immune responses may be mediated at the level of VEX which transfer viral mRNAs to antigen presenting cells systemically. Proteomic analyses of these exosomes suggested potential biomarkers for VEX and TEX. These data provide important putative insight into MDV-mediated immune suppression and vaccine responses, as well as potential serum biomarkers for MD protection and susceptibility.

Immune Responses in Cecal Tonsils of Marek's Disease Virus–Infected Chickens

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Heidari ◽  
Scott D. Fitzgerald ◽  
Huanmin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease

Analysis of immune responses in chickens infected with Marek's disease virus

2009 ◽  
Vol 128 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Rika Kano ◽  
Shiro Murata ◽  
Tsukasa Okada ◽  
Satoru Konnai ◽  
Misao Onuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease

scholarly journals mdv1-miR-M7-5p, located in the newly identified first intron of the latency-associated transcript of Marek’s disease virus, targets the immediate-early genes ICP4 and ICP27

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 1731-1742 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Strassheim ◽  
G. Stik ◽  
D. Rasschaert ◽  
S. Laurent
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Firefly Luciferase ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Immediate Early ◽  
Infected Cell Line ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Virus Reactivation ◽  
Virus Serotype

Marek’s disease virus serotype 1 (MDV-1) is an oncogenic alphaherpesvirus causing fatal T-cell lymphoma in chickens. MDV latency is characterized by the production of latency-associated transcripts (LATs), a family of non-protein-coding spliced RNAs. A cluster of four microRNAs (cluster mdv1-miR-M8-M10) was identified, but not formally mapped, at the predicted LAT 5′ end. We established a LAT cDNA library from latently MDV-infected cell line MSB-1. We identified 22 highly variable LATs, which were due to the extensive alternative splicing of a total of 14 introns. RACE PCR confirmed the predicted 3′ end and allowed identification of the 5′ end, 400 nt upstream of the previously predicted LAT end. The LATs share their transcription start site with the microRNA-expressing transcript described previously, localizing the microRNAs to the first LAT intron and identifying the LATs as the primary transcripts of the microRNAs. We identified MDV immediate-early (IE) genes ICP4 and ICP27 as putative targets of mdv1-miR-M7-5p, the third microRNA of the cluster mdv1-miR-M8-M10. Endogenously expressed mdv1-miR-M7-5p in MSB-1 cells reduced luciferase activity significantly when microRNA-responsive elements from ICP4 or ICP27 were cloned in the 3′ UTR of the firefly luciferase gene. ICP27 protein levels were decreased by 70 % when the mdv1-miR-M7-5p precursor was co-expressed with an ICP27 expression plasmid. Additionally, we showed a negative correlation between the decreased expression of mdv1-miR-M7-5p and an increase in ICP27 expression during virus reactivation. Our results suggest that, by targeting two IE genes, MDV microRNAs produced from LAT transcripts may contribute to establish and/or maintain latency.

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