The Determination of Draining Lymph Node Cell Cytokine mRNA Levels in BALB/c Mice Following Dermal Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, Dinitrofluorobenzene, and Toluene Diisocyanate Exposure

2001 ◽  
Vol 171 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.Scott Manetz ◽  
Denise A Pettit ◽  
B.Jean Meade
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
Lymph Node Cell ◽  
Toluene Diisocyanate ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
Cytokine Mrna ◽  
Draining Lymph Node

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate in Egg Whites

1967 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-849
Author(s):  
John Wiskerchen
Keyword(s):  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Chloride Complex ◽  
Bromphenol Blue ◽  
Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
Benzethonium Chloride ◽  
Alkyl Sulfates

Abstract A method is given for the quantitative determination of sodium lauryl sulfate in liquid, frozen, powdered, or flake-dried egg white. The egg white is dissolved in water and the protein is precipitated with ethanol and filtered off. The filtrate is evaporated, the residue is dissolved in water, and the pH is adjusted to 5.0. Total alkyl sulfates are titrated with standard benzethonium chloride solution in the presence of chloroform with bromphenol blue indicator. Results are calculated as sodium lauryl sulfate. The formation of the bromphenol bluebenzethonium chloride complex, when excess benzethonium chloride is present, is taken as the end point. The blue-green complex is soluble in the chloroform. Overall recoveries of sodium lauryl sulfate from egg whites ranged from 94 to 100%. Collaborative study of the method is recommended.

Collaborative Study of a Method for Sodium Lauryl Sulfate in Egg Whites

1968 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 540-543
Author(s):  
John Wiskerchen
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
Benzethonium Chloride

Abstract A colorimetric method for the quantitative determination of sodium lauryl sulfate in liquid, frozen, and powdered egg white was studied by eight collaborators. Determinations were made on flake and powdered egg white at levels of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2% (w/w) and on liquid egg white at levels of 0.006, 0.0125, and 0.0250% (w/w) sodium lauryl sulfate. The egg white is dissolved in water, and the protein is precipitated with ethanol and removed by filtration. An aliquot of the filtrate is evaporated to dryness, and the residue is dissolved in water and acidified with sulfuric acid. The sodium lauryl sulfate is complexed with Azure A, extracted into chloroform, and determined spectrophotometrically at 637 mμ. A blank determination is made on another aliquot of the filtrate by complexing the sodium lauryl sulfate with benzethonium chloride. This is a stable colorless complex. Average recoveries in the collaborative study were 98—102% with a mean deviation of 2.8—5.4%. It is recommended that the method be adopted as official, first action.

Differences of draining lymph node cell proliferation among mice, rats and guinea pigs following exposure to metal allergens

Toxicology ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Ikarashi ◽  
Keiko Ohno ◽  
Toshie Tsuchiya ◽  
Akitada Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Lymph Node Cell ◽  
Draining Lymph Node

Distinct strains ofLeishmania majorinduce different cytokine mRNA expression in draining lymph node of BALB/c mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Asadpour ◽  
F. Riazi-Rad ◽  
V. Khaze ◽  
S. Ajdary ◽  
M.H. Alimohammadian
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Cytokine Mrna ◽  
Cytokine Mrna Expression ◽  
Draining Lymph Node

An anti-CD40 activating antibody induces dendritic cell maturation and promotes autologous anti-tumor T cell responses in an in vitro mixed autologous tumor cell/lymph node cell model

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2537-2537
Author(s):  
T. B. Hunter ◽  
R. P. Gladue ◽  
S. J. Antonia
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Lymph Node Cell ◽  
Autologous Tumor ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Draining Lymph Node ◽  
Antigen Presenting

2537 Background: CD40-mediated interactions play an important role in the response to a variety of diseases, including cancer. Engagement of CD40 on antigen-presenting cells (APC) by CD40L leads to maturation and upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules, B7.1 and B7.2 (CD80 and CD86), which are requisite in the activation of T cells. Clinical trials involving immunologic interventions have shown clinical responses confirming that the immune system can be harnessed for the treatment of cancer. However, the clinical response rate has been low, signifying the need for new immunotherapeutic strategies. To this end, an agonist antibody specific for CD40 has been developed and is being evaluated as a potential anti-cancer agent. Methods: The activation capacity of anti-CD40 antibody CP-870,893 was analyzed by performing flow cytometric analysis of APC maturation markers following incubation of monocyte derived dendritic cells (DC) with the antibody. IL-12 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (Mip1 α) secretion were also analyzed. The effect of the antibody on anti-tumor T cell responses was tested in an autologous human model consisting of tumor cells as stimulator cells and tumor-draining lymph node cells as responders from a series of cancer patients. Results: Cultured DC treated with CP-870,893 consistently display a mature phenotype: robust upregulation of CD80, CD83, CD86 and HLA-DR expression, increased Mip1 α secretion, and the loss of antigen presenting capability. IL-12 secretion was not detected. CP-870,893 also promotes the responsiveness of lymph node derived T cells to autologous tumor, indicated by IFNγ and IL-2 ELISpot. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that CP-870,893 binds to and activates DC. A fully autologous mixed lymph node cell/tumor cell model was used to demonstrate that this activation promotes tumor-specific T cell responses. T cells from the tumor draining lymph node are not responsive to autologous tumor cells, however in the presence of CP-870,893 this unresponsiveness is reversed. These data indicate that CP-870,893 warrants further study as an immunotherapeutic agent in the treatment of cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Utilization of the Ex Vivo LLNA

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seren Arancioglu ◽  
Ozge Cemiloglu Ulker ◽  
Asuman Karakaya
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Lymph Node Cell ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Croton Oil ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

Dermal exposure to chemicals may result in allergic or irritant contact dermatitis. In this study, we performed ex vivo local lymph node assay: bromodeoxyuridine-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (LLNA: BrdU-ELISA) to compare the differences between irritation and sensitization potency of some chemicals in terms of the 3 end points: lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine profiles (interleukin 2 [IL-2], interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-4, IL-5, IL-1, and tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α]), and ear swelling. Different concentrations of the following well-known sensitizers and irritant chemicals were applied to mice: dinitrochlorobenzene, eugenol, isoeugenol, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), and croton oil. According to the lymph node results; the auricular lymph node weights and lymph node cell counts increased after application of both sensitizers and irritants in high concentrations. On the other hand, according to lymph node cell proliferation results, there was a 3-fold increase in proliferation of lymph node cells (stimulation index) for sensitizer chemicals and SLS in the applied concentrations; however, there was not a 3-fold increase for croton oil and negative control. The SLS gave a false-positive response. Cytokine analysis demonstrated that 4 cytokines including IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-5 were released in lymph node cell cultures, with a clear dose trend for sensitizers whereas only TNF-α was released in response to irritants. Taken together, our results suggest that the ex vivo LLNA: BrdU-ELISA method can be useful for discriminating irritants and allergens.

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