An Analysis of the Risk of Exceeding the Acceptable or Tolerable Daily Intake

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Renwick ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Tolerable Daily Intake

Toxic Elements in Dried Milk and Evaluation of their Dietary Intake in Infant Formula

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Formula ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Tolerable Daily Intake ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Infant Foods ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Maximum Limit ◽  
Sensitive Group

Infant’s feeding patterns are important for development and growth; therefore babies are very sensitive to toxic elements, mainly through their food, so in the present study, the concentrations and daily intake of some Toxic Elements (TEs); Lead (Pb), Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg) and Aluminum (Al) were measured in different and random 60 dried infant foods {30 infant formula (0-6 months) and 30 milk-cereal based infant formula (6 months)} which obtained from various supermarkets and pharmacies. The analysis was done using Inductive Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). It could be determined the lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury and aluminum by mean values of 0.424±0.006, 0.205±0.003, 0.014±0.0001, 0.298±0.007and 0.464±0.029 mg/Kg in the examined infant milk formula samples and a ranged minimum to maximum concentrations of 0.114-0.177, 0.155-0.293, 0.014-0.015, 0.282-0.310 and 0.287-0.437 mg/kg, respectively in the examined milk-cereal based infant formula. Present study indicates that, the greater level of contamination of examined infant formula samples with toxic elements (lead and mercury) surpasses the maximum limit and Provisional Tolerable Daily Intake (PTDI) of these elements. Mercury is over PTDI (0.0005 mg/kg bw/day) in all milk-cereal based infant formula samples, also arsenic in all examined samples of this type of formula was exceed the maximum limit (0.05 mg/kg) of Indian standard. This investigation shows such types of infant formula need more amendment to set limit of more toxic metals for this sensitive group of population.

scholarly journals Pellavan siemenen laadun kehittäminen

2006 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna-Riitta Kymäläinen ◽  
Anna-Maija Sjöberg
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Tolerable Daily Intake

Suomalaiset öljypellavayritykset ovat kiinnostuneita tuotteidensa laadun kehittämisestä. Helsingin yliopiston Agroteknologian laitoksessa luodun Laaturenkaan avulla on tutkittu ja arvioitu erilaisia laatuun vaikuttavia ominaisuuksia. Öljypellavan laadun kehittäminen on osana vuonna 2005 päättynyttä Agrokuituverkosto-hanketta. Tähän hankkeeseen osallistuivat Palmenia, Helsingin yliopiston Agroteknologian laitos sekä öljypellavayritykset.Osana Agrokuituverkoston toimintaa on vuosina 2004-2005 Helsingin yliopiston Agroteknologian laitoksen toteuttama kadmiumselvitys. Selvitystä varten yritykset toimittivat öljypellavanäytteitä kadmiumanalyyseihin. Mitattuja arvoja verrattiin kansainvälisiin pitoisuuksiin ja hyväksyttävästä päiväsaannista esitettiin arviot. Tulokseksi saadut kadmiumpitoisuudet ovat samaa tasoa kuin kansainvälisissä tutkimuksissa. Normaalilla suomalaisella ruokavaliolla pellavansiementä saa kadmiumin suhteen syödä turvallisesti suositellun määrän 24 g - 30 g. Suomalaisen pellavan kadmiumpitoisuus ei siis aiheuta normaaleilla päiväannoksilla (esim. 24 g pellavaa päivässä) erityistä riskiä, kun asiaa tarkastellaan nykyisen WHO:n asettaman PTDI-arvon (Provisional Tolerable Daily Intake) kannalta. Runsaskadmiumisen ruokavalion lisänä em. päiväannokset voivat olla liian suuret, jos käytetään korkean kadmiumpitoisuuden omaavaa pellavaa. Jos pellavansiementä käytetään päivässä alle 24 g määrä, riskit vähenevät vastaavasti. Poikkeuksena ovat ne henkilöt, joilla on muitakin riskitekijöitä kadmiumin saannin suhteen, esim. saastunut asuinalue, tupakointi tai alentunut sietokyky. Tällöin on kiinnitettävä enemmän huomiota kadmiumin kokonaissaantiin ja saantiin myös pellavan siemenen osalta. Osasta pellavan siemeniä mitattiin myös rasvahappokoostumus ja muut laatuominaisuudet. Lajikkeiden välillä oli eroja erityisesti proteiinipitoisuuksissa, α-linoleenihappopitoisuuksissa sekä fenolisten yhdisteiden määrässä.

scholarly journals Lebanese Population Exposure to Trace Elements via White Bread Consumption

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Lebbos ◽  
Claude Daou ◽  
Rosette Ouaini ◽  
Hanna Chebib ◽  
Michel Afram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Young People ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Population Exposure ◽  
White Bread ◽  
Tolerable Daily Intake ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Safety Concerns ◽  
Lebanese Population ◽  
Old Men

The objective of this study was to assess Lebanese population exposure to trace elements (TEs) via white pita consumption. A survey of white pita consumption was achieved among one thousand Lebanese individuals, grouped into adults (above 15 years old, men, and women) and young people (6–9 and 10–14 years old). The most consumed pita brands, labeled B1, B2, and B3, were selected. Levels of TEs (i.e., As, Cd, Co, Cr, Hg, Ni, and Pb) in B1, B2, B3 pitas were measured. The highest contents of TEs in pitas were: Ni (1292 µg/kg) and Co (91 µg/kg) in B1; As (400 µg/kg) and Cd (< 15 µg/kg) in B2; Cr (363 µg/kg), Pb (260 µg/kg), and Hg (0.89 µg/kg) in B3. The pita brand B3 was the source of the highest TEs exposure, except for Ni for which it was B1. Daily exposures to TEs due to the fact of pita consumption were compared to safety levels. There were no safety concerns for Hg, Cd, Cr or Co (except the 95th percentile of 6–9 years old). An excess of the Ni tolerable daily intake was observed for the most exposed populations. The very low margins of exposure for As and Pb suggest a worrying risk for the Lebanese population.

Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald R. Stephenson ◽  
Ian G. Ferris ◽  
Patrick T. Holland ◽  
Monica Nordberg
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Tolerable Daily Intake

scholarly journals Establishment of the Korean Tolerable Daily Intake of Bisphenol A Based on Risk Assessments by an Expert Committee

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan-Woong Choi ◽  
Ji-Yoon Jeong ◽  
Myung-Sil Hwang ◽  
Ki-Kyung Jung ◽  
Kwang-Ho Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Tolerable Daily Intake

Toxicological analysis points to a lower tolerable daily intake of melamine in food

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P.H. Hsieh ◽  
C.F. Chiang ◽  
P.H. Chiang ◽  
C.P. Wen
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Tolerable Daily Intake ◽  
Toxicological Analysis
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