Late Quaternary Water-Level Variations and Vegetation History at Crooked Pond, Southeastern Massachusetts

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Shuman ◽  
Jennifer Bravo ◽  
Jonathan Kaye ◽  
Jason A. Lynch ◽  
Paige Newby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Southern New England ◽  
Dramatic Rise

AbstractSediment cores collected along a transect in Crooked Pond, southeastern Massachusetts, provide evidence of water-level changes between 15,000 cal yr B.P. and present. The extent of fine-grained, detrital, organic accumulation in the basin, inferred from sediment and pollen stratigraphies, varied over time and indicates low water levels between 11,200 and 8000 cal yr B.P. and from ca. 5300 to 3200 cal yr B.P. This history is consistent with the paleohydrology records from nearby Makepeace Cedar Swamp and other sites from New England and eastern Canada and with temporal patterns of regional changes in effective soil moisture inferred from pollen data. The similarities among these records indicate that (1) regional conditions were drier than today when white pine (Pinus strobus) grew abundantly in southern New England (11,200 to 9500 cal yr B.P.); (2) higher moisture levels existed between 8000 and 5500 cal yr B.P., possibly caused by increased meridonal circulation as the influence of the Laurentide ice sheet waned; and (3) drier conditions possibly contributed to the regional decline in hemlock (Tsuga) abundances at 5300 cal yr B.P. Although sea-level rise may have been an influence, moist climatic conditions during the late Holocene were the primary reason for a dramatic rise in water-table elevations.

Reconstructed topography of Southern New England prior to isostatic rebound with implications of total isostatic depression and relative sea level

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan A. Oakley ◽  
Jon C. Boothroyd
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Order Estimate ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Isostatic Rebound ◽  
Southern New England ◽  
Southeastern Margin

AbstractTopographic models of the late Quaternary landscape prior to isostatic rebound aid interpretation of glacial lake-water levels and geomorphic features as well as ice thickness, mantle viscosity and lithospheric strength. The well-established limit of glacial marine inundation in central and northern New England provides a test of total isostatic depression. Relative sea levels reflecting differing magnitudes of isostatic rebound show that published values of isostatic depression in southern New England would inundate the landscape in southern New England with marine water south of the limit of late Pleistocene marine inundation. This suggests that isostatic depression at the terminal margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) was < 35 m, and that previous workers overestimate isostatic depression in southern New England by > 50 m. A first-order estimate of ice thickness based on total isostatic depression and the observed uplift profile in southern New England supports the ‘thin ice’ models in New England. Ice thickness ranged from 100 m at the southeastern margin of the LIS, to > 1000 m at a point 300 km north of the terminal margin. This regional model places constraints on continental ice-sheet and geophysical models that should be considered in the future.

scholarly journals The effects of ENSO, climate change and human activities on the water level of Lake Toba, Indonesia: a critical literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendri Irwandi ◽  
Mohammad Syamsu Rosid ◽  
Terry Mart
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
The Future

AbstractThis research quantitatively and qualitatively analyzes the factors responsible for the water level variations in Lake Toba, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. According to several studies carried out from 1993 to 2020, changes in the water level were associated with climate variability, climate change, and human activities. Furthermore, these studies stated that reduced rainfall during the rainy season due to the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the continuous increase in the maximum and average temperatures were some of the effects of climate change in the Lake Toba catchment area. Additionally, human interventions such as industrial activities, population growth, and damage to the surrounding environment of the Lake Toba watershed had significant impacts in terms of decreasing the water level. However, these studies were unable to determine the factor that had the most significant effect, although studies on other lakes worldwide have shown these factors are the main causes of fluctuations or decreases in water levels. A simulation study of Lake Toba's water balance showed the possibility of having a water surplus until the mid-twenty-first century. The input discharge was predicted to be greater than the output; therefore, Lake Toba could be optimized without affecting the future water level. However, the climate projections depicted a different situation, with scenarios predicting the possibility of extreme climate anomalies, demonstrating drier climatic conditions in the future. This review concludes that it is necessary to conduct an in-depth, comprehensive, and systematic study to identify the most dominant factor among the three that is causing the decrease in the Lake Toba water level and to describe the future projected water level.

Late Quaternary sedimentation on the southwestern Scotian Slope, eastern Canada: relationship to glaciationGeological Survey of Canada Contribution 20070176.

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thian Hundert ◽  
David J.W. Piper
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Scotian Shelf ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Glacial Retreat ◽  
Air Gun ◽  
Continental Slopes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Seismic Reflection Profiles

The sedimentary record on continental slopes has the potential to preserve a record of glacial retreat on the adjacent continental shelf. The glacial history of the southwestern part of the Scotian Shelf is poorly known. Air-gun and high-resolution sparker profiles and numerous sediment cores up to 10 m long have been used to determine the character of sedimentation on the southwestern Scotian Slope since the last glacial maximum (LGM). Seismic-reflection profiles show that glacial till was deposited at shallow depths on the upper continental slope, and correlation to dated piston cores farther downslope show that this till dates from the LGM. Slope sedimentation at this time was dominated by local ice and deposited as plume fallout and turbidites. Progressively increasing importance of red-brown sediment derived from glacial supply to Laurentian Channel indicates retreat of ice from the shelf edge and diminishing supply of proglacial sediment from the calving embayment in the mid-Scotian Shelf. With the termination of distal proglacial sediment supply, the sedimentation rate diminished rapidly and hemipelagic sedimentation prevailed through the Holocene.

Late Quaternary Climatic Variations in Northwest Africa Deduced from East Atlantic Sediment cores

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liselotte Diester-Haass
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Terrigenous Material ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Senegal River ◽  
Northwest Africa ◽  
High Desert

Characteristic variations in glacial and interglacial periods are shown by the CaCO3 contents, amounts and grain size of terrigenous material (>40 μm), quartz/mica ratios, and desert quartz numbers in East Atlantic sediment cores, collected during Meteor cruise 25 off Sahara and Senegal, 15–27°N. The following results were obtained. During Holocene an arid climate with eolian supply from the continent prevailed throughout the region (fine grained, slight terrigenous input; high CaCO3 values; high desert quartz numbers) except in the Senegal area. Here terrigenous muds indicate river supply and hence humid climate. During upper and lower Würn the climate was humid in the present day Sahara north of 20°N (low desert quartz numbers: input of large quantities of coarse terrigenous material; low CaCO3 values). South of 20°N the climate was arid, the Senegal river input disappeared during upper Würm, desert quartz numbers are as high as in Sahara dune samples, and wind strength was stronger than in the Holocene. Climate during middle Würm resembled Holocene climatic conditions. Climatic conditions during Eem (Riss) were probably similar to those during Holocene (Würm).

scholarly journals Wahania poziomów wody jezior w Polsce w latach 1956–2015 = Water-level fluctuations in Polish lakes in the 1956–2015 period

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54
Author(s):  
Adam Choiński ◽  
Jerzy Jańczak ◽  
Ptak Mariusz
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Study Results

Water-level fluctuations are among the primary factors determining the functioning of lakes. The volume to which lake basins are filled with water is of major importance to the courses of many processes and phenomena. A particular amount of water in a lake, and water-table stability, are also important from the point of view of human activity, as these elements help determine the quantity and accessibility of the water resources lakes have to offer, and therefore the possibilities for them to be used by different branches of the economy, e.g. industry, agriculture or tourism. The work detailed here is thus a presentation of trends as regards water-level fluctuations in 16 lakes in Poland, over the period 1956–2015. The study results, obtained for the first time in relation to such a long time scale and extending to around a dozen lakes, aim to point to the scale and direction of water-level fluctuations in times of the intensive transformation of the natural environment. They were obtained by reference to water-level observations made by the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute (IMiGW-PIB). Specifically, data referring to the (November-October) hydrological year were analysed for trends as regards mean annual water levels using the Mann-Kendall test. Results point to major variability in the courses noted for these levels over the analysed multiannual period. Nevertheless, three overall situations could be designated from within the group of cases analysed, i.e. increase, decrease or lack of a trend. The first group includes Lakes Sławskie, Jamno, Łebsko, Nidzkie, and Studzieniczne (where increases were statistically significant at p=0.05); the second, Lakes Ostrzyckie and Ełckie (decreases significant at p=0.05); and the last group all remaining lakes, i.e. Charzykowskie, Jeziorak and Rajgrodzkie, Biskupińskie, Drwęckie and Białe, Gopło, Roś, and Wigry. It was, however, noted that in many cases analysed periods of alternating increase and decrease in water level were to be observed. The causes of such fluctuations were complex, but inter alia reflected droughts of several years’ duration, periods featuring higher-than-average precipitation, and local conditions. In general, water-level fluctuations in lakes result from natural and anthropogenic factors determining the hydrological conditions in catchments. And in the context of the lakes considered here, the courses of water-level fluctuations were mostly a reflection of local, rather than wider climatic conditions – a fact i.a. illustrated by the lack of cohesive regional designations. The situation is different from that of, for example, the thermal or ice regimes of Polish lakes, in relation to which observed similarities in properties are seen to be determined mainly by climatic factors. Information of this kind may be of key importance to the (quantitative and qualitative) management of water resources in the context of the climate change being observed currently.

Late Quaternary History of Lake Manitoba, Canada

1981 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
James T. Teller ◽  
William M. Last
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
The South ◽  
Lake Agassiz ◽  
Barrier Beach ◽  
South Basin ◽  
Lithostratigraphic Units ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
History Of

AbstractThe postglacial history of Lake Manitoba has been deduced from a study of the changes in physical, mineralogical, and chemical variables in sediment cores collected from the lake. Six lithostratigraphic units are recognized in the South Basin of the lake. Weakly developed pedogenic zones, reflecting dry or extremely low water conditions in the basin, separate five of these six units. The initial phase of lacustrine sedimentation in the Lake Manitoba basin began shortly after 12,000 yr B.P. as water was impounded in front of the receding glacier to form Lake Agassiz. By 11,000 yr ago, continued retreat of the ice sheet opened lower outlets to the east and much of Lake Agassiz drained, including the Lake Manitoba basin. Water levels again rose at 9900 yr B.P., but by about 9200 yr B.P. the South Basin was again dry. For the next 4700 yr there was an alternation of wet and dry conditions in the basin in response to the interaction of a warmer and drier climate and differential crustal rebound of the basin. About 4500 yr ago a new phase of Lake Manitoba sedimentation was initiated when the Assiniboine River began to discharge into the South Basin. The Assiniboine River was diverted out of the Lake Manitoba watershed about 2200 yr ago. Erosion and redistribution of the sandy deltaic sediments deposited by the Assiniboine River has created the barrier beach that now separates the extensive marsh to the south of the lake from the main lake.

Limnological succession in reservoirs: a paleolimnological comparison of two methods of reservoir formation

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1109-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland I Hall ◽  
Peter R Leavitt ◽  
Aruna S Dixit ◽  
Roberto Quinlan ◽  
John P Smol
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Community Change ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Lake Diefenbaker ◽  
Fossil Records ◽  
Variable Versus ◽  
Reduced Water

Analysis of diatoms, algal pigments, and chironomids in sediment cores from two otherwise similar prairie reservoirs demonstrated that differences in reservoir formation (river valley impoundment versus lake inundation) and hydrological regime (variable versus stable water level) resulted in distinct patterns of aquatic community change. Lake Diefenbaker, a 500-km2 reservoir created by damming the South Saskatchewan River in 1968, experiences water level fluctuations of 6 m·year-1. In contrast, impoundment of Buffalo Pound Lake in 1952 flooded a natural lake, raised mean water levels ~2.0 m, and reduced water level fluctuations from ~3 to <1 m·year-1. Comparison of fossil records showed that reservoir formation did not inevitably lead to eutrophication. Lake Diefenbaker exhibited typical reservoir ontogeny with three trophic periods, including an initial ~4-year period of eutrophy, a decade of mesotrophy, and a gradual shift to modern productive conditions. Planktonic taxa dominated diatom communities at all times, whereas benthic chironomid and algal remains were rare. In contrast, pigment analyses suggested that phytoplankton standing crops declined after impoundment in Buffalo Pound Lake but that chironomid and macrophyte populations expanded. Such site specificity in trophic development appears to result from differences in the extent of inundation (500 versus ~5 km2) and the magnitude of subsequent water level fluctuations (6.3 versus <1 m).

scholarly journals Late Quaternary lake-level changes of Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Siberia

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Juschus ◽  
Maksim Pavlov ◽  
Georg Schwamborn ◽  
Frank Preusser ◽  
Grigory Fedorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Lake Ice ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Northeastern Siberia ◽  
Lake El’Gygytgyn ◽  
High Lake Level ◽  
High Lake Levels

AbstractLake El'gygytgyn is situated in a 3.6 Ma old impact crater in northeastern Siberia. Presented here is a reconstruction of the Quaternary lake-level history as derived from sediment cores from the southern lake shelf. There, a cliff-like bench 10 m below the modern water level has been investigated. Deep-water sediments on the shelf indicate high lake levels during a warm Mid-Pleistocene period. One period with low lake level prior to Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 has been identified, followed by a period of high lake level (10 m above present). In the course of MIS 2 the lake level dropped to − 10 m. At the end of MIS 2 the bench was formed and coarse beach sedimentation occurred. Subsequently, the lake level rose rapidly to the Holocene level. Changes in water level are likely linked to climate variability. During relatively temperate periods the lake becomes free of ice in summer. Strong wave actions transport sediment parallel to the coast and towards the outlet, where the material tends to accumulate, resulting in lake level rise. During cold periods the perennial lake ice cover hampers any wave activity and pebble-transport, keeping the outlet open and causing the lake level to drop.

scholarly journals Late-Quaternary Vegetation History of Jackson Hole, Wyoming

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 35-36
Author(s):  
Cathy Barnosky
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Northern Rocky Mountains ◽  
Hole Area ◽  
Jackson Hole ◽  
History Of

During the late Quaternary, the Jackson Hole area has reen repeatedly glaciated-the most recent and least extensive ice advance occurred during the Pinedale Glaciation (ca. 25,000-9,000 yr B.P.; Love and Reed, 1971). The objective of this research is to study the vegetation history of Jackson Hole since Pinedale time, as a means of interpreting the development and stability of modern plant communities. The research is based on an examination of pollen and plant-macrofossiil records contained in lake-sediment cores collected near the former ice margin. The environmental history of this region is poorly known and the paleoecological information provided by this study should help fill a gap in our understanding of the vegetation, climate, and glacial history of the Northern Rocky Mountains.

scholarly journals Estimation of the influence of water exchange with the sea conditions on the water level and salinity variability in the Tyligulskyi Liman lagoon

2017 ◽  
pp. 232-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. S. Tuchkovenko ◽  
D. V. Kushnir ◽  
N. S. Loboda
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Management Activity ◽  
Salinity Variability ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Long Term Trend

The potentialities of averting a further salinization of the Tyligulskyi Liman lagoon were identified on the basis of the results of the hydrodynamic modelling, using the numerical model Delft3D-FLOW. The means to prevent the salinization in the lagoon include a reconstruction of the “lagoon-sea” interconnecting channel and the changing of its operational schedule, as well as the increasing of the river inflow considering the climatic conditions of the first half of the XXI century. The results of the verification of the hydrodynamic model are given. It is shown that for stabilizing water levels and reducing the rate of the water salinity in the lagoon the most effective option is the year-round operation of the deepened “lagoon-sea” connecting channel. This will be facilitated by a multi-directional exchange of water through the channel caused by wind-induced water level oscillations in the lagoon and in the sea. However, while maintaining the current level of the water management activity in the catchment area of the lagoon, a long-term trend of increasing water salinity in the lagoon still remains. Only the restoration of natural river discharge into the lagoon could reduce the tendency of growing water salinity to a minimum.

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