Purification of polygalacturonases produced by the pear scab pathogens, Venturia nashicola and Venturia pirina

2000 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsunori Isshiki ◽  
Kazuya Akimitsu ◽  
Hideo Ishii ◽  
Hiroyuki Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Pear Scab ◽  
Venturia Nashicola ◽  
Venturia Pirina

scholarly journals A Novel Pear Scab (Venturia nashicola) Resistance Gene, Rvn3, from Interspecific Hybrid Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia × P. communis)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2632
Author(s):  
Sewon Oh ◽  
Hyeondae Han ◽  
Daeil Kim
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Apple Scab ◽  
Scab Resistance ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Pyrus Pyrifolia ◽  
Pear Scab ◽  
Venturia Nashicola

Asian pear scab is a fungal disease caused by Venturia nashicola. The identification of genes conferring scab resistance could facilitate the breeding of disease-resistant cultivars. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify a scab-resistance gene using an interspecific hybrid population ((Pyrus pyrifolia × P. communis) × P. pyrifolia). Artificial inoculation of V. nashicola was carried out for two years. The segregation ratio (1:1) of resistant to susceptible individuals indicated that resistance to V. nashicola was inherited from P. communis and controlled by a single dominant gene. Based on two years phenotypic data with the Kruskal–Wallis test and interval mapping, 12 common markers were significantly associated with scab resistance. A novel scab resistance gene, Rvn3, was mapped in linkage group 6 of the interspecific hybrid pear, and co-linearity between Rvn3 and one of the apple scab resistance genes, Rvi14, was confirmed. Notably, an insertion in pseudo-chromosome 6 of the interspecific hybrid cultivar showed homology with apple scab resistance genes. Hence, the newly discovered Rvn3 was considered an ortholog of the apple scab resistance gene. Since the mapping population used in the present study is a pseudo-BC1 population, pyramiding of multiple resistance genes to pseudo-BC1 could facilitate the breeding of pear cultivars with durable resistance.

Proteogenomic Analysis of the Venturia pirina (Pear Scab Fungus) Secretome Reveals Potential Effectors

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 3635-3644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira R. Cooke ◽  
Dan Jones ◽  
Joanna K. Bowen ◽  
Cecilia Deng ◽  
Pierre Faou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pear Scab ◽  
Venturia Pirina

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of the Asian Pear Scab Pathogen, Venturia nashicola

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakira Johnson ◽  
Dan Jones ◽  
Amali H. Thrimawithana ◽  
Cecilia H. Deng ◽  
Joanna K. Bowen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
European Pear ◽  
Asian Pear ◽  
Pear Scab ◽  
Venturia Nashicola

AbstractVenturia nashicola, which causes scab disease of Asian pear, is a host-specific, biotrophic fungus, with a sexual stage that occurs during saprobic growth. V. nashicola is endemic to Asia and is regarded as a quarantine threat to Asian pear production outside of this continent. Currently, fungicide applications are routinely used to control scab disease. However, fungicide resistance in V. nashicola, as in other fungal pathogens, is an ongoing challenge and alternative control or prevention measures that include, for example, the deployment of durable host resistance, are required. A close relative of V. nashicola, V. pirina, causes scab disease of European pear. European pear displays non-host resistance (NHR) to V. nashicola and Asian pears are non-hosts of V. pirina. It is anticipated that the host specificity of these two fungi is governed by differences in their effector arsenals, with a subset responsible for activating NHR. The Pyrus-Venturia pathosystems provide a unique opportunity to dissect the underlying genetics of non-host interactions and to understand coevolution in relation to this potentially more durable form of resistance. Here, we present the first V. nashicola draft whole genome sequence (WGS), which is made up of 40,800 scaffolds (totalling 45 Mb) and 11,094 predicted genes. Of these genes, 1,232 are predicted to encode a secreted protein by SignalP, with 273 of these predicted to be effectors by EffectorP. The V. nashicola WGS will enable comparison to the WGSs of other Venturia spp. to identify effectors that potentially activate NHR in the pear scab pathosystems.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of European pear cultivars to Venturia pirina Aderh. infection at a variety collection in Hungary

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Benedek ◽  
T. Szabó ◽  
Z. Szabó ◽  
J. Nyéki
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Pear ◽  
Field Sensitivity ◽  
Pear Scab ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Venturia Pirina ◽  
Leaf Infection ◽  
Yield Capacity

Field sensitivity of 271 European pear genotypes were evaluated in a large variety collection of pear in Hungary during a nine years survey. Substantial differences were detected in the rate of pear scab infection of leaves and fruits. Some 18 per cent of the inspected genotypes remained completely free of infection even in the years with weather favouring to the disease. On the other hand, 78 % of the inspected genotypes were infected in some or more extent. The rate of infection was generally higher on leaves than on fruits. 18.6 % of the genotypes inspected were tolerant to leaf infection and their majority (81.1 %) were tolerant to fruit infection. Some one fi fth of the genotypes (19.7 %) were highly susceptible to leaf infection but only minor rate of them (2.2 %) were highly susceptible to fruit infection. There were 44 genotypes that could be regarded as tolerant to pear scab leaf and fruit infection under fi eld conditions. Some of these genotypes may be suitable to commercial pear growing with highly reduced chemical control against pear but their yield capacity and fruit quality should be evaluated.

scholarly journals Whole Genome Sequence Resource of the Asian Pear Scab Pathogen Venturia nashicola

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1463-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakira Johnson ◽  
Dan Jones ◽  
Amali H. Thrimawithana ◽  
Cecilia H. Deng ◽  
Joanna K. Bowen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Specificity ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Nonhost Resistance ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
European Pear ◽  
Asian Pear ◽  
Pear Scab ◽  
Venturia Nashicola ◽  
Biotrophic Fungus

Venturia nashicola, the cause of scab disease of Asian pears, is a host-specific, biotrophic fungus. It is restricted to Asia and is regarded as a quarantine threat outside this region. European pear displays nonhost resistance (NHR) to V. nashicola and Asian pears are nonhosts of V. pyrina (the cause of European pear scab disease). The host specificity of these two fungi is likely governed by differences in their effector arsenals, with a subset hypothesized to activate NHR. The Pyrus-Venturia pathosystem provides an opportunity to dissect the underlying genetics of nonhost interactions in this potentially more durable form of resistance. The V. nashicola genome will enable comparisons to other Venturia spp. genomes to identify effectors that potentially activate NHR in the pear scab pathosystem.

Environmental factors influencing maturation and release of ascospores of Venturia pirina in Victoria, Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 825 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. N. Villalta ◽  
W. S. Washington ◽  
G. M. Rimmington ◽  
W. E. MacHardy
Keyword(s):  
Linear Equations ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Cumulative Percentage ◽  
Pear Scab ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Venturia Pirina

The influence of moisture, light, and temperature on Venturia pirina ascospore maturation and discharge was studied during 1992–99 in 2 pear-growing regions in Victoria. In each year and site, mature ascospores were trapped over a 3-month period beginning a few days before or at the green-tip stage of pear tree development in early September and ending in late November, with the majority of ascospores ((>80%) trapped between green-tip and petal-fall. Ascospore discharge was associated with rain and dew, with 90–98% of the season’s total number of ascospores trapped during rain events and 2–10% trapped during dew events in the 12 data sets examined. Most ascospores were trapped (82.5– 99.9%) during daytime (0600–1800 hours). The 0.1–17.5% of ascospores detected during night time (1900–0500 hours) were trapped mainly within 1–3 h of dawn or dusk. There were linear relationships between the logit of cumulative percentage of ascospore maturation and temperature accumulation (above 0 degree-days), calculated both daily and for days with >= 0.2 mm of rainfall. Six linear regression equations were formulated with 10 years of field data and using the 2 methods of accumulating degree-days, to predict the cumulative percentage of matured ascospores. Predictions were compared with additional field and laboratory observations not used in the formulation of the linear equations. The importance of the temperature-based linear equations is discussed in relation to the prediction of pear scab ascospore maturity for use in a pear scab management program.

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