Purification of a metalloprotease produced by Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora and the degradation of potato lectin in vitro

1995 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Heilbronn ◽  
D.J. Johnston ◽  
B. Dunbar ◽  
G.D. Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Potato Lectin

Bactericidal and Fungicidal Activities of Calia secundiflora (Ort.) Yakovlev

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 653-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolores Pérez-Laínez ◽  
Rosario García-Mateos ◽  
Ruben San Miguel-Chávez ◽  
Marcos Soto-Hernández ◽  
Enrique Rodríguez-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Quinolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
In Vitro Bioassay ◽  
Organic Extract ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi And Bacteria

Calia secundiflora (Ortega) Yakovlev (Fabaceae) is considered a medicinal plant in Mexico but has scarcely been used because of the toxicity of its quinolizidine alkaloids. Several quinolizidine alkaloids have shown bactericidal, nematicidal, and fungicidal activities. The purpose of this study was to identify the alkaloids in the seeds and evaluate the activity of the organic extract on several phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria. An in vitro bioassay was conducted with species of the following phytopathogenic fungi: Alternaria solani, Fusarium oxysporum and Monilia fructicola; and of the following bacteria Pseudomonas sp., Xanthomonas campestris and Erwinia carotovora. Cytisine, lupinine, anagyrine, sparteine, N-methylcytisine, 5,6-dehydrolupanine, and lupanine were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the extract of seeds; the most abundant compound of the extract was cytisine. It was observed that the crude extract of Calia secundiflora was moderately active on bacteria and more potent on phytopathogenic fungi. In contrast cytisine showed the opposite effects.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity screening of rhizosphere soil bacteria from tomato and genome-based analysis of their antimicrobial biosynthetic potential

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Zhou ◽  
Chunxu Song ◽  
Zhibo Li ◽  
Oscar P. Kuipers
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Tomato Disease

Abstract Background Tomato plant growth is frequently hampered by a high susceptibility to pests and diseases. Traditional chemical control causes a serious impact on both the environment and human health. Therefore, seeking environment-friendly and cost-effective green methods in agricultural production becomes crucial nowadays. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can promote plant growth through biological activity. Their use is considered to be a promising sustainable approach for crop growth. Moreover, a vast number of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) for secondary metabolite production are being revealed in PGPR, which helps to find potential anti-microbial activities for tomato disease control. Results We isolated 181 Bacillus-like strains from healthy tomato, rhizosphere soil, and tomato tissues. In vitro antagonistic assays revealed that 34 Bacillus strains have antimicrobial activity against Erwinia carotovora, Pseudomonas syringae; Rhizoctonia solani; Botrytis cinerea; Verticillium dahliae and Phytophthora infestans. The genomes of 10 Bacillus and Paenibacillus strains with good antagonistic activity were sequenced. Via genome mining approaches, we identified 120 BGCs encoding NRPs, PKs-NRPs, PKs, terpenes and bacteriocins, including known compounds such as fengycin, surfactin, bacillibactin, subtilin, etc. In addition, several novel BGCs were identified. We discovered that the NRPs and PKs-NRPs BGCs in Bacillus species are encoding highly conserved known compounds as well as various novel variants. Conclusions This study highlights the great number of varieties of BGCs in Bacillus strains. These findings pave the road for future usage of Bacillus strains as biocontrol agents for tomato disease control and are a resource arsenal for novel antimicrobial discovery.

scholarly journals Induced Expression of Sarcotoxin IA Enhanced Host Resistance Against Both Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens in Transgenic Tobacco

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 860-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Mitsuhara ◽  
Hiroki Matsufuru ◽  
Masahiro Ohshima ◽  
Hisatoshi Kaku ◽  
Yuki Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Induced Expression ◽  
Sarcotoxin Ia ◽  
Resistance To Infection

We demonstrate here that induced expression of sarcotoxin IA, a bactericidal peptide from Sarcophaga peregrina, enhanced the resistance of transgenic tobacco plants to both bacterial and fungal pathogens. The peptide was produced with a modified PR1a promoter, which is further activated by salicylic acid treatment and necrotic lesion formation by pathogen infection. Host resistance to infection of bacteria Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci was shown to be dependent on the amounts of sarcotoxin IA expressed. Since we found antifungal activity of the peptide in vitro, transgenic seedlings were also inoculated with fungal pathogens Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium aphanidermatum. Transgenic plants expressing higher levels of sarcotoxin were able to withstand fungal infection and remained healthy even after 4 weeks, while control plants were dead by fungal infection after 2 weeks.

scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization, and Identification of Biological Control Agent for Potato Soft Rot in Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Rahman ◽  
M. E. Ali ◽  
A. A. Khan ◽  
A. M. Akanda ◽  
Md. Kamal Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Antagonistic Bacteria ◽  
And Storage

A total of 91 isolates of probable antagonistic bacteria of potato soft rot bacteriumErwinia carotovorasubsp.carotovora(Ecc) were extracted from rhizospheres and endophytes of various crop plants, different soil varieties, and atmospheres in the potato farming areas of Bangladesh. Antibacterial activity of the isolated probable antagonistic bacteria was testedin vitroagainst the previously identified most common and most virulent soft rot causing bacterial strain Ecc P-138. Only two isolates E-45 and E-65 significantly inhibited thein vitrogrowth of Ecc P-138. Physiological, biochemical, and carbon source utilization tests identified isolate E-65 as a member of the genusBacillusand the isolate E-45 asLactobacillussp. The stronger antagonistic activity against Ecc P-138 was found in E-65in vitroscreening and storage potatoes. E-65 reduced the soft rot infection to 22-week storage potatoes of different varieties by 32.5–62.5% in model experiment, demonstrating its strong potential to be used as an effective biological control agent for the major pectolytic bacteria Ecc. The highest (62.5%) antagonistic effect of E-65 was observed in the Granola and the lowest (32.7%) of that was found in the Cardinal varieties of the Bangladeshi potatoes. The findings suggest that isolate E-65 could be exploited as a biocontrol agent for potato tubers.

scholarly journals Kemampuan Bakteri Endofit Akar dan Ubi Kentang untuk Menekan Penyakit Busuk Lunak (Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora) pada Ubi

Agrikultura ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Istifadah ◽  
Muhamad Salman Umar ◽  
Sudarjat Sudarjat ◽  
Luciana Djaya
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Soft Rot Disease ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Rot Disease

ABSTRACTThe abilities of endophytic bacteria from potato roots and tubers to suppress soft rot disease (Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora) in potato tuberSoft rot disease caused by Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora is one of limiting factors in cultivation and post harvest of potato. The eco-friendly control measure that can be developed for controlling the diseases is biological control. Microbes that are potential as biological control agents include endophytic bacteria. This paper discussed the results of study examining the potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from roots and tubers of potato to inhibit the growth of E. carotovora pv. carotovora in vitro and suppress soft rot disease in potato tuber. The results showed that among 24 isolates examined, four isolates of endophytic bacteria (one isolate from potato tuber and three isolates from potato roots) inhibited the growth of E. carotovora pv. carotovora in vitro with inhibition zone 3.5-6.8 mm. In the in vivo test, the isolates inhibited the soft rot disease in potato tuber by 71.5-86.4%. The isolate that tended to show relatively better inhibition in vitro and in vivo was isolate from potato tuber which is CK U3 (Lysinibacillus sp.)Keywords: Biological control, Endophytic bacteria, Post-harvest, Potato, Soft rot diseaseABSTRAKPenyakit busuk lunak yang disebabkan bakteri Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora, merupakan salah satu kendala dalam budidaya dan pascapanen kentang. Cara pengendalian ramah lingkungan yang dapat dikembangkan untuk menekan penyakit tersebut adalah pengendalian biologi. Kelompok mikroba yang berpotensi sebagi agens pengendali biologi adalah bakteri endofit. Artikel ini mendiskusikan potensi isolat bakteri endofit yang berasal dari ubi dan akar kentang untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. carotovora pv. carotovora secara in vitro dan menekan perkembangan penyakit busuk lunak pada ubi kentang. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa diantara 24 isolat bakteri yang diuji, terdapat empat isolat bakteri endofit (satu isolat dari ubi kentang dan tiga isolat dari akar kentang) yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. carotovora pv. carotovora secara in vitro dengan zona penghambatan sebesar 3,5-6,8 mm. Pada pengujian secara in vivo, isolat-isolat tersebut dapat menekan perkembangan penyakit busuk lunak pada ubi kentang sebesar 71,5-86,4%. Isolat yang cenderung menunjukkan penghambatan relatif lebih baik secara in vitro dan in vivo adalah isolat bakteri endofit asal ubi kentang yaitu isolat CK U3 (Lysinibacillus sp.).Kata Kunci: Pengendalian biologi, Bakteri endofit, Pascapanen, Kentang, Penyakit busuk basah

Bacillus subtilis BS 107 as an antagonist of potato blackleg and soft rot bacteria

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 777-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
B M Sharga ◽  
G D Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Potato Blackleg ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances

Antimicrobial substances were produced by Bacillus subtilis BS 107 in a defined medium and isolated from culture filtrate by precipitation at pH 2.5. Active fractions were extracted in ethyl acetate, acetone, and 80% ethanol and purified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) on silica gel plates developed with an ethanol-water mixture (2:1, v/v). In each case, a band with a Rf of 0.75 formed an inhibitory zone when the TLC plates were placed in contact with agar seeded with test cultures of the Erwinia spp. The antibiotic was released into the culture medium during early stages of growth of Bacillus subtilis BS 107 but higher amounts were released in older cultures. The antibiotic was resistant to the action of nucleases, proteases, and lipase. It was stable when autoclaved twice for 35 min at 2 atm (1 atm = 101.325 kPa) in acidic, neutral, and alkaline solutions. It remained active over the pH range of 1-14 during 1 month of observation and exhibited no loss of antimicrobial activity when stored at 4°C for over 1 year. Bacillus subtilis BS 107 showed activity in vitro and in vivo against Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica and Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, the causal agents of potato blackleg and tuber soft rot. The application of an antagonist or its antibiotic to cut potato tissues prevented or reduced symptoms of the diseases. The antibiotic was active in vitro against a broad spectrum of bacterial and fungal species.Key words: antagonist, Bacillus subtilis BS 107, Erwinia carotovora, potato.

In vitro Blastogenesis inhibited by Erwinia carotovora L-Asparaginase

1972 ◽  
Vol 239 (89) ◽  
pp. 50-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIN HAN ◽  
TAKAO OHNUMA
Keyword(s):  
Erwinia Carotovora

scholarly journals Plant ferredoxin-like protein (PFLP) exhibits an anti-microbial ability against soft-rot pathogen Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora in vitro and in vivo

Plant Science ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 171 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiang-En Huang ◽  
Mang-Jye Ger ◽  
Chao-Ying Chen ◽  
Mei-Kuen Yip ◽  
Mei-Chu Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Soft Rot

scholarly journals In vitro Effects of Muscodor albus and Three Volatile Components on Growth of Selected Postharvest Microorganisms

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 2109-2114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali A. Ramin ◽  
P. Gordon Braun ◽  
Robert K. Prange ◽  
John M. DeLong
Keyword(s):  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Isobutyric Acid ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
E Coli ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Air Circulation ◽  
Muscodor Albus

Biofumigation by volatiles of Muscodor albus Worapong, Strobel & W.M. Hess, an endophytic fungus, was investigated for the biological control of three postharvest fungi, Botrytis cinerea Pers., Penicillium expansum Link, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) de Bary, and three bacteria, Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora (Jones) Bergey et al., Pseudomonas fluorescens Migula (isolate A7B), and Escherichia coli (strain K12). Bacteria and fungi on artificial media in petri dishes were exposed to volatiles produced by M. albus mycelium growing on rye seeds in sealed glass 4-L jars with or without air circulation for up to 48 hours. The amount of dry M. albus–rye seed culture varied from 0.25 to 1.25 g·L–1 of jar volume. Fan circulation of volatiles in jars increased efficacy and 0.25 g·L–1 with fan circulation was sufficient to kill or suppress all fungi and bacteria after 24 and 48 hours, respectively. Two major volatiles of M. albus, isobutyric acid (IBA) and 2-methyl-1-butanol (MB), and one minor one, ethyl butyrate (EB), varied in their control of the same postharvest fungi and bacteria. Among the three fungi, IBA killed or suppressed S. sclerotiorum, B. cinerea, and P. expansum at 40, 25, and 45 μL·L –1, respectively. MB killed or suppressed S. sclerotiorum, B. cinerea, and P. expansum at 75, 100, and 100 μL·L –1, respectively. EB was only able to kill S. sclerotiorum at 100 μL·L –1. Among the three bacteria, IBA killed or suppressed E. coli (K12), E. carotovora pv. carotovora, and P. fluorescens at 5, 12.5, and 12.5 μL·L–1, respectively. MB killed or suppressed E. coli (K12), E. carotovora pv. carotovora, and P. fluorescens at 100, 75, and 100 μL·L–1, respectively. EB did not control growth of the three bacteria. This study demonstrates the need for air circulation in M. albus, MB, and IBA treatments to optimize the efficacy of these potential postharvest agents of disease control.

scholarly journals Bacterial recombinant L-asparaginases: properties, structure and anti-proliferative activity

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.N. Sokolov ◽  
M.A. Eldarov ◽  
M.V. Pokrovskaya ◽  
S.S. Aleksandrova ◽  
O.Yu. Abakumova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Rhodospirillum Rubrum ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Cytotoxic Action ◽  
Human Leukemia

For more than 40 years L-asparaginases are used in combined therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children and the range of tumors sensitive to these enzymes constantly extends. This review summarizes results of studies aimed at creation of new systems for heterological expression of bacterial L-asparaginases as Erwinia carotovora (EwA), Helicobacter pylori (HpA), Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (YpA) and Rhodospirillum rubrum (RrA); special attention is paid to isolation of purified enzymes and their crystallization, modification by chitosan/polyethylene, physicochemical, kinetic and structural properties characterization, and the study of the cytotoxic or anti-proliferative activity of new recombinant L-asparaginases on cell cultures in vitro. The resultant recombinant L-asparaginases (EwA, YpA, HpA и RrA) exhibit reasonable cytotoxic action on the human leukemia cells comparable to the pharmacologically available L-asparaginase EcA and represent practical interest in respect to creation, on their basis, new effective antineoplastic remedies. Further prospects of researches on bacterial L-asparaginases are associated with development of analogs of Rhodospirillum rubrum L-asparaginase (RrA) by means of directed changes of the protein structure using genetic engineering, development of chito-PEGylation for receiving L-asparaginase preparations with improved pharmacokinetic characteristics.

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