The Erythromycin Resistance Gene of the Corynebacterium xerosis R-plasmid pTP10 Also Carrying Chloramphenicol, Kanamycin, and Tetracycline Resistances Is Capable of Transposition in Corynebacterium glutamicum

Plasmid ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Tauch ◽  
Friedrich Kassing ◽  
Jörn Kalinowski ◽  
Alfred Pühler
Keyword(s):  
Corynebacterium Glutamicum ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance

An erythromycin-resistance gene from an erythromycin-producing strain of Arthrobacter sp

Gene ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne N. Roberts ◽  
Graham S. Hudson ◽  
Sydney Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance

scholarly journals Nucleotide sequence of the erythromycin resistance gene from theCorynebacteriumplasmid pNG2

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1891-1891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian L.M. Hodgson ◽  
Jolanta Krywult ◽  
Anthony Radford
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance

Suppressor mutations for crs mutants of Bacillus subtilis

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sun ◽  
I. Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Mutation ◽  
Suppressor Mutation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Wild Type Level ◽  
Suppressor Mutations ◽  
Metabolic Activities

Mutants of Bacillus subtilis which carried suppressor mutations for catabolite-resistance gene crsA47 were isolated from methylmethanesulfonate-treated cultures of GLU-47 (crsA47). The suppressor mutation, sca19, suppressed resistance of crsA47 mutant to glucose and other inhibitors of sporulation. Moreover, the suppressor mutation could restore the rate of growth and the level of IMP dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase of crsA47 mutant to the wild-type level. The sca19 mutation was also able to suppress catabolite resistance of other crs mutants. The map position of the sea19 mutation indicated that this mutation was an intergenic suppressor for the crs mutants. It was also found that an erythromycin-resistance mutation, ery1, could suppress the catabolite resistance of some of the crs mutants. Our results were discussed in relation to the importance of a proper state of metabolic activities and membrane functions during the initiation of sporulation.

scholarly journals Horizontal Transfer of Erythromycin Resistance from Clostridium difficile to Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 5142-5145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Spigaglia ◽  
Fabrizio Barbanti ◽  
Paola Mastrantonio
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Horizontal Transfer ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Butyrivibrio Fibrisolvens ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT This study demonstrates for the first time the in vitro transfer of the erythromycin resistance gene erm(B) between two obligate anaerobes, the human spore-forming pathogen Clostridium difficile and the rumen commensal Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, suggesting that this event might occur also in the natural environment.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Tetracycline- and Erythromycin-Resistant Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 2236-2241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria P. Montanari ◽  
Ileana Cochetti ◽  
Marina Mingoia ◽  
Pietro E. Varaldo
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Conjugative Transposons ◽  
Numerous Type ◽  
The One

ABSTRACT Sixty-five clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, all collected in Italy between 1999 and 2002 and resistant to both tetracycline (MIC, ≥8 μg/ml) and erythromycin (MIC, ≥1 μg/ml), were investigated. Of these strains, 11% were penicillin resistant and 23% were penicillin intermediate. With the use of the erythromycin-clindamycin-rokitamycin triple-disk test, 14 strains were assigned to the constitutive (cMLS) phenotype of macrolide resistance, 44 were assigned to the partially inducible (iMcLS) phenotype, 1 was assigned to the inducible (iMLS) phenotype, and 6 were assigned to the efflux-mediated (M) phenotype. In PCR assays, 64 of the 65 strains were positive for the tetracycline resistance gene tet(M), the exception being the one M isolate susceptible to kanamycin, whereas tet(K), tet(L), and tet(O) were never found. All cMLS, iMcLS, and iMLS isolates had the erythromycin resistance gene erm(B), and all M phenotype isolates had the mef(A) or mef(E) gene. No isolate had the erm(A) gene. The int-Tn gene, encoding the integrase of the Tn916-Tn1545 family of conjugative transposons, was detected in 62 of the 65 test strains. Typing assays showed the strains to be to a great extent unrelated. Of 16 different serotypes detected, the most numerous were 23F (n = 13), 19A (n = 10), 19F (n = 9), 6B (n = 8), and 14 (n = 6). Of 49 different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types identified, the majority (n = 39) were represented by a single isolate, while the most numerous type included five isolates. By high-resolution restriction analysis of PCR amplicons with four endonucleases, the tet(M) loci from the 64 tet(M)-positive pneumococci were classified into seven distinct restriction types. Overall, a Tn1545-like transposon could reasonably account for tetracycline and erythromycin resistance in the vast majority of the pneumococci of cMLS, iMcLS, and iMLS phenotypes, whereas a Tn916-like transposon could account for tetracycline resistance in most M phenotype strains.

scholarly journals Correlation between the Resistance Genotype Determined by Multiplex PCR Assays and the Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Staphylococcus aureus andStaphylococcus epidermidis

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Martineau ◽  
François J. Picard ◽  
Nicolas Lansac ◽  
Christian Ménard ◽  
Paul H. Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Oxacillin Resistance ◽  
Pcr Assays

ABSTRACT Clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (a total of 206) and S. epidermidis (a total of 188) from various countries were tested with multiplex PCR assays to detect clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes associated with staphylococci. The targeted genes are implicated in resistance to oxacillin (mecA), gentamicin [aac(6′)-aph(2")], and erythromycin (ermA, ermB, ermC, andmsrA). We found a nearly perfect correlation between genotypic and phenotypic analysis for most of these 394 strains, showing the following correlations: 98% for oxacillin resistance, 100% for gentamicin resistance, and 98.5% for erythromycin resistance. The discrepant results were (i) eight strains found to be positive by PCR for mecA or ermC but susceptible to the corresponding antibiotic based on disk diffusion and (ii) six strains of S. aureus found to be negative by PCR for mecA or for the four erythromycin resistance genes targeted but resistant to the corresponding antibiotic. In order to demonstrate in vitro that the eight susceptible strains harboring the resistance gene may become resistant, we subcultured the susceptible strains on media with increasing gradients of the antibiotic. We were able to select cells demonstrating a resistant phenotype for all of these eight strains carrying the resistance gene based on disk diffusion and MIC determinations. The four oxacillin-resistant strains negative for mecA were PCR positive for blaZand had the phenotype of β-lactamase hyperproducers, which could explain their borderline oxacillin resistance phenotype. The erythromycin resistance for the two strains found to be negative by PCR is probably associated with a novel mechanism. This study reiterates the usefulness of DNA-based assays for the detection of antibiotic resistance genes associated with staphylococcal infections.

scholarly journals Evidence for Extensive Resistance Gene Transfer amongBacteroides spp. and among Bacteroides and Other Genera in the Human Colon

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. Shoemaker ◽  
H. Vlamakis ◽  
K. Hayes ◽  
A. A. Salyers
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Bacillus Sphaericus ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

ABSTRACT Transfer of antibiotic resistance genes by conjugation is thought to play an important role in the spread of resistance. Yet virtually no information is available about the extent to which such horizontal transfers occur in natural settings. In this paper, we show that conjugal gene transfer has made a major contribution to increased antibiotic resistance in Bacteroides species, a numerically predominant group of human colonic bacteria. Over the past 3 decades, carriage of the tetracycline resistance gene, tetQ, has increased from about 30% to more than 80% of strains. Alleles oftetQ in different Bacteroides species, with one exception, were 96 to 100% identical at the DNA sequence level, as expected if horizontal gene transfer was responsible for their spread. Southern blot analyses showed further that transfer of tetQwas mediated by a conjugative transposon (CTn) of the CTnDOT type. Carriage of two erythromycin resistance genes, ermF andermG, rose from <2 to 23% and accounted for about 70% of the total erythromycin resistances observed. Carriage oftetQ and the erm genes was the same in isolates taken from healthy people with no recent history of antibiotic use as in isolates obtained from patients with Bacteroidesinfections. This finding indicates that resistance transfer is occurring in the community and not just in clinical environments. The high percentage of strains that are carrying these resistance genes in people who are not taking antibiotics is consistent with the hypothesis that once acquired, these resistance genes are stably maintained in the absence of antibiotic selection. Six recently isolated strains carriedermB genes. Two were identical to erm(B)-P fromClostridium perfringens, and the other four had only one to three mismatches. The nine strains with ermG genes had DNA sequences that were more than 99% identical to the ermG ofBacillus sphaericus. Evidently, there is a genetic conduit open between gram-positive bacteria, including bacteria that only pass through the human colon, and the gram-negative Bacteroidesspecies. Our results support the hypothesis that extensive gene transfer occurs among bacteria in the human colon, both within the genus Bacteroides and among Bacteroides species and gram-positive bacteria.

Reduction of erythromycin resistance gene erm (F) and class 1 integron‐integrase genes in wastewater by Bardenpho treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 1042-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley W. Schmitz ◽  
Gabriel K. Innes ◽  
Jia Xue ◽  
Charles P. Gerba ◽  
Ian L. Pepper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Class 1
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