TACHYKININS AS PERIPHERAL MODULATORS OF PRIMARY AFFERENT NERVES AND VISCERAL SENSITIVITY

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
C MAGGI
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Sensitivity ◽  
Primary Afferent ◽  
Afferent Nerves ◽  
Primary Afferent Nerves

scholarly journals Primary Afferent Stimulation Differentially Potentiates Excitatory and Inhibitory Inputs to Spinal Lamina II Outer and Inner Neurons

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 2413-2421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Zhen Pan ◽  
Hui-Lin Pan
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Difference ◽  
Peak Amplitude ◽  
Primary Afferent ◽  
Afferent Stimulation ◽  
Synaptic Inputs ◽  
Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Afferent Nerves ◽  
Primary Afferent Nerves ◽  
Spinal Lamina ◽  
Stimulation Of

Spinal lamina II (substantia gelatinosa) neurons play an important role in processing of nociceptive information from primary afferent nerves. Anatomical studies suggest that neurons in the outer (lamina IIo) and inner (lamina IIi) zone of lamina II receive distinct afferent inputs. The functional significance of this preferential afferent termination in lamina II remains unclear. In this study, we examined the differential synaptic inputs to neurons in lamina IIo and IIi in response to primary afferent stimulation. Whole cell voltage-clamp recordings were performed on neurons in lamina IIo and IIi of the rat spinal cord slice under visual guidance. Capsaicin (1 μM) significantly increased the frequency of glutamatergic miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) in all 27 lamina IIo neurons and significantly increased the amplitude of mEPSCs in 12 of 27 lamina IIo neurons. However, capsaicin only significantly increased the frequency of mEPSCs in 9 of 22 (40.9%) lamina IIi neurons and increased the amplitude of mEPSCs in 6 of these 9 neurons. Furthermore, the peak amplitude of EPSCs, evoked by electrical stimulation of the attached dorsal root, in 40 lamina IIo neurons was significantly greater than that [160.5 ± 16.7 vs. 87.0 ± 10.4 (SE) pA] in 37 lamina IIi neurons. On the other hand, the peak amplitude of evoked inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) in 40 lamina IIo neurons was significantly smaller than that (103.1 ± 11.6 vs. 258.4 ± 24.4 pA) in 37 lamina IIi neurons. In addition, the peak amplitudes of both EPSCs and IPSCs, evoked by direct stimulation of lamina II, were similar in lamina IIo and IIi neurons. This study provides new information that stimulation of primary afferents differentially potentiates synaptic inputs to neurons in lamina IIo and IIi. The quantitative difference in excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs to lamina IIo and IIi neurons may be important for integration of sensory information from primary afferent nerves.

Increase of substance P in primary afferent nerves during chronic pain

Neuropeptides ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Lembeck ◽  
J. Donnerer ◽  
F.C. Colpaert
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Primary Afferent ◽  
Afferent Nerves ◽  
Primary Afferent Nerves

Interaction between primary afferent nerves in the elicitation of reflex swallowing

1980 ◽  
Vol 239 (5) ◽  
pp. R407-R414 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Weerasuriya ◽  
D. Bieger ◽  
C. H. Hockman
Keyword(s):  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Afferent Nerve ◽  
Reflex Response ◽  
Solitary Tract ◽  
Primary Afferent ◽  
Afferent Nerves ◽  
Primary Afferent Nerves ◽  
Adult Cats ◽  
Primary Afferent Nerve ◽  
Stimulation Of

In adult cats anesthetized with urethan, a number of observations were made that support the concept that some control over the rate of reflexly induced swallowing occurs in the intermediate network at the level of the nucleus of the solitary tract. It was shown that different nerves, e.g., the two superior laryngeal and glossopharyngeal nerves, when activated in sequence interact in such a manner as to facilitate reflex swallowing. It was also shown that the decrement in the reflex response observed to continuous stimulation of a primary afferent nerve, e.g., one superior laryngeal, can be reversed by switching the stimulation to another nerve either on the same or contralateral side. And finally, following discrete medullary lesions, it was observed that that portion of the nucleus of the solitary tract located 2 mm or more rostral to the rostralmost point of the dorsal medial sulcus appears to contain an integral component of the intermediate network that governs reflexly induced swallowing, whereas lesions restricted to the ventrolateral portion of the nucleus of the solitary tract have no effect on the reflex response.

scholarly journals Impairments of the Primary Afferent Nerves in a Rat Model of Diabetic Visceral Hyposensitivity

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. s12990-015-0075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Dong ◽  
Xizi Liang ◽  
Biying Sun ◽  
Xiaowei Ding ◽  
Hangxiu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Primary Afferent ◽  
Afferent Nerves ◽  
Primary Afferent Nerves

scholarly journals Capsaicin-Sensitive Vagal Afferent Nerve-Mediated Interoceptive Signals in the Esophagus

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3929
Author(s):  
Mingwei Yu ◽  
Crystal Chang ◽  
Bradley J. Undem ◽  
Shaoyong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Chest Pain ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Primary Afferent ◽  
Functional Heartburn ◽  
Afferent Nerves ◽  
Primary Afferent Nerves ◽  
Neuronal Mechanisms ◽  
C Fiber

Heartburn and non-cardiac chest pain are the predominant symptoms in many esophageal disorders, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), non-erosive reflux disease (NERD), functional heartburn and chest pain, and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). At present, neuronal mechanisms underlying the process of interoceptive signals in the esophagus are still less clear. Noxious stimuli can activate a subpopulation of primary afferent neurons at their nerve terminals in the esophagus. The evoked action potentials are transmitted through both the spinal and vagal pathways to their central terminals, which synapse with the neurons in the central nervous system to induce esophageal nociception. Over the last few decades, progress has been made in our understanding on the peripheral and central neuronal mechanisms of esophageal nociception. In this review, we focus on the roles of capsaicin-sensitive vagal primary afferent nodose and jugular C-fiber neurons in processing nociceptive signals in the esophagus. We briefly compare their distinctive phenotypic features and functional responses to mechanical and chemical stimulations in the esophagus. Then, we summarize activation and/or sensitization effects of acid, inflammatory cells (eosinophils and mast cells), and mediators (ATP, 5-HT, bradykinin, adenosine, S1P) on these two nociceptive C-fiber subtypes. Lastly, we discuss the potential roles of capsaicin-sensitive esophageal afferent nerves in processing esophageal sensation and nociception. A better knowledge of the mechanism of nociceptive signal processes in primary afferent nerves in the esophagus will help to develop novel treatment approaches to relieve esophageal nociceptive symptoms, especially those that are refractory to proton pump inhibitors.

Targeting Primary Afferent Nerves for Novel Antitussive Therapy

CHEST Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley J. Undem ◽  
Michael J. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Primary Afferent ◽  
Afferent Nerves ◽  
Primary Afferent Nerves
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