Mechanisms of Nitrate Accumulation in Plasma during Pacing-Induced Heart Failure in Conscious Dogs

Nitric Oxide ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 386-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Bernstein ◽  
Xiaoping Zhang ◽  
Gong Zhao ◽  
Paul Forfia ◽  
Joshua Tuzman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation

scholarly journals Propylbutyldopamine: hemodynamic effects in conscious dogs, normal human volunteers and patients with heart failure.

Circulation ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
W H Fennell ◽  
A A Taylor ◽  
J B Young ◽  
T A Brandon ◽  
J Z Ginos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Hemodynamic Effects ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Normal Human

scholarly journals Short-term effects of naloxone hemodynamics and baroreflex function in conscious dogs with pacing-induced congestive heart failure

1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Himura ◽  
Chang-Seng Liang ◽  
Naoaki Imai ◽  
Joseph M. Delehanty ◽  
Paul D. Woolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Baroreflex Function ◽  
Short Term Effects

Mechanisms of desensitization to a PDE inhibitor (milrinone) in conscious dogs with heart failure

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (5) ◽  
pp. H1699-H1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Sato ◽  
Kuniya Asai ◽  
Satoshi Okumura ◽  
Gen Takagi ◽  
Richard P. Shannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rapid Ventricular Pacing ◽  
Camp Levels

The goal of this study was to determine the extent to which the effects of milrinone were desensitized in heart failure (HF) and to determine the mechanisms, i.e., whether these effects could be ascribed to changes in cAMP or phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity in HF. Accordingly, we examined the effects of milrinone in seven conscious dogs before and after HF was induced by rapid ventricular pacing at 240 beats/min. The dogs were chronically instrumented for measurements of left ventricular (LV) pressure and first derivative of LV pressure (dP/d t), arterial pressure, LV internal diameter, and wall thickness. Milrinone (10 μg ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1iv) increased LV dP/d t by 1,854 ± 157 from 2,701 ± 105 mmHg/s ( P < 0.05) before HF. After HF the increase in LV dP/d t in response to milrinone was attenuated significantly ( P < 0.05); it increased by 615 ± 67 from 1,550 ± 107 mmHg/s, indicating marked desensitization. In the presence of ganglionic blockade the increases in LV dP/d t (+445 ± 65 mmHg/s) in response to milrinone were markedly less ( P < 0.01), and milrinone increased LV dP/d t even less in HF (+240 ± 65 mmHg/s). cAMP and PDE activity were measured in endocardial and epicardial layers in normal and failing myocardium. cAMP was decreased significantly ( P < 0.05) in LV endocardium (−26%) but not significantly in LV epicardium (−14%). PDE activity was also decreased significantly ( P < 0.05) in LV endocardium (−18%) but not in LV epicardium (−4%). Thus significant desensitization to milrinone was observed in conscious dogs with HF. The major effect was autonomically mediated. The biochemical mechanism appears to be due in part to the modest reductions in PDE activity in failing myocardium, which, in turn, may be a compensatory mechanism to maintain cAMP levels in HF. Reductions in cAMP and PDE levels were restricted to the subendocardium, suggesting that the increased wall stress and reduced coronary reserve play a role in mediating these changes.

Blockade of the renin???angiotensin system in heart failure in conscious dogs

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1405???1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marohito Murakami ◽  
Hiromichi Suzuki ◽  
Mareo Naitoh ◽  
Akira Matsumoto ◽  
Yoh Kageyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

Exhaustion of the Frank–Starling mechanism in conscious dogs with heart failure induced by chronic coronary microembolization

Life Sciences ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 536-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Gill ◽  
Bonita D. Jones ◽  
Angela K. Corbly ◽  
Dan G. Ohad ◽  
Gerald D. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Coronary Microembolization

scholarly journals Comparison of a novel calcium channel agonist and dobutamine in conscious dogs with heart failure

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Sato ◽  
Masami Uechi ◽  
Raymond K. Kudej ◽  
Kuniya Asai ◽  
Dorothy E. Vatner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Channel Agonist

scholarly journals Dynamic control of maximal ventricular elastance in conscious dogs before and after pacing-induced heart failure

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Chen ◽  
R. Mukkamala ◽  
J.A. Sala-Mercado ◽  
R.L. Hammond ◽  
M. Ichinose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Ventricular Elastance ◽  
Before And After
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