Arterial Blood Flow and Microcirculatory Changes in a Rat Groin Flap after Thrombosis Induced by Electrical Stimulation of the Artery

2002 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Qi ◽  
B. Gazelius ◽  
B. Linderoth ◽  
T. Lundeberg
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Groin Flap ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Stimulation Of

Arterial Blood Flow and Microcirculatory Changes in the Rat Groin Flap after Ischemia Provocation by Electrical Stimulation of the Artery

2001 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Qi ◽  
B. Gazelius ◽  
B. Linderoth ◽  
O. Löfgren ◽  
O. Gribbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Groin Flap ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Advantages of imaging photoplethysmography for migraine modeling: new optical markers of trigemino‐vascular activation in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Y. Sokolov ◽  
Maxim A. Volynsky ◽  
Valery V. Zaytsev ◽  
Anastasiia V. Osipchuk ◽  
Alexei A. Kamshilin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Trigeminovascular System ◽  
Cranial Window ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Optical Markers ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract Background Existent animal models of migraine are not without drawbacks and limitations. The aim of our study was to evaluate imaging photoplethysmography (PPG) as a method of assessing intracranial blood flow in rats and its changes in response to electrical stimulation of dural trigeminal afferents. Methods Experiments were carried out with 32 anesthetized adult male Wistar rats. Trigeminovascular system (TVS) was activated by means of electrical stimulation of dural afferents through a closed cranial window (CCW). Parameters of meningeal blood flow were monitored using a PPG imaging system under green illumination with synchronous recording of an electrocardiogram (ECG) and systemic arterial blood pressure (ABP). Two indicators related to blood-flow parameters were assessed: intrinsic optical signals (OIS) and the amplitude of pulsatile component (APC) of the PPG waveform. Moreover, we carried out pharmacological validation of these indicators by determining their sensitivity to anti-migraine drugs: valproic acid and sumatriptan. For statistical analysis the non-parametric tests with post-hoc Bonferroni correction was used. Results Significant increase of both APC and OIS was observed due to CCW electrical stimulation. Compared to saline (n = 11), intravenous administration of both the sumatriptan (n = 11) and valproate (n = 10) by using a cumulative infusion regimen (three steps performed 30 min apart) lead to significant inhibitory effect on the APC response to the stimulation. In contrast, intravenous infusion of any substance or saline did not affect the OIS response to the stimulation. It was found that infusion of either sumatriptan or valproate did not affect the response of ABP or heart rate to the stimulation. Conclusions Imaging PPG can be used in an animal migraine model as a method for contactless assessment of intracranial blood flow. We have identified two new markers of TVS activation, one of which (APC) was pharmacologically confirmed to be associated with migraine. Monitoring of changes in APC caused by CCW electrical stimulation (controlling efficiency of stimulation by OIS) can be considered as a new way to assess the peripheral mechanism of action of anti-migraine interventions.

scholarly journals Selective Electrical Stimulation of Postganglionic Cerebrovascular Parasympathetic Nerve Fibers Originating from the Sphenopalatine Ganglion Enhances Cortical Blood Flow in the Rat

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihiro Suzuki ◽  
Jan Erik Hardebo ◽  
Jan Kåhrström ◽  
Christer Owman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Microvascular Blood Flow ◽  
Sphenopalatine Ganglion ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Parasympathetic Nerve ◽  
Cortical Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Stimulation Of

Recently, the origins and pathways of cerebrovascular acetylcholine- and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-containing nerves have been elucidated in detail in the rat: The sphenopalatine ganglion is the major source for postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the vascular beds of the cerebral hemispheres. To clarify the functional role of the nerves on cerebral blood vessels in vivo, brain cortical microvascular blood flow was measured in rats during electrical stimulation of these particular postganglionic fibers. Animals were subjected to transection of the right nasociliary nerve 2 weeks before the flow measurements to eliminate activation of peptidergic sensory fibers. Relative change in microvascular blood flow was continuously recorded by a laser-Doppler flowmeter system under α-chloralose anesthesia. The postganglionic fibers were electrically stimulated just proximal to the ethmoidal foramen by a bipolar platinum electrode (5 V; 0.5 ms; 3, 10, 30, 60 Hz; as a continuous stimulation for 90 s). Stimulation at 10 Hz induced a marked increase of the cortical blood flow (CoBF) on the ipsilateral side, whereas no change was observed on the contralateral side. It reached a maximum mean value of 42.5% at 46 s, and then slightly declined during the remaining stimulation period. No significant changes were observed in the mean arterial blood pressure or blood gases during or after stimulation. Both atropine and scopolamine failed to alter this flow increase. Electrical stimulation of the postganglionic fibers at different frequencies revealed a maximal increase in the CoBF at 30 Hz in the control situation (47.2%), but at 10 Hz after scopolamine administration (51.6%). This provides the first report showing that selective postganglionic stimulation of the parasympathetic nerve fibers markedly enhances blood flow in the brain, and it supports the view that the neurogenic vasodilatation is primarily noncholinergic.

scholarly journals Increased dietary salt intake enhances the exercise pressor reflex

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (3) ◽  
pp. H450-H454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuya Yamauchi ◽  
Hirotsugu Tsuchimochi ◽  
Audrey J. Stone ◽  
Sean D. Stocker ◽  
Marc P. Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Exercise Pressor Reflex ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Pressor Reflex ◽  
Stimulation Of

Increased dietary salt in rats has been shown to sensitize central sympathetic circuits and enhance sympathetic responses to several stressors, including hyperinsulinemia, intracerebroventricular injection of angiotensin, and electrical stimulation of sciatic nerve afferents. These findings prompted us to test the hypothesis that increased dietary salt enhanced the exercise pressor reflex. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 0.1% (low) or 4.0% (high) NaCl chow for 2 to 3 wk. On the day of the experiment, the rats were decerebrated, and the hind limb muscles were statically contracted for 30 s by electrically stimulating the cut peripheral ends of the L4 and L5 ventral roots. We found that contraction produced a significantly greater increase in mean arterial pressure of rats fed 4.0% ( n = 26) vs. 0.1% ( n = 22) NaCl (24 ± 2 vs. 15 ± 2 mmHg, respectively; P < 0.05). Baseline mean arterial pressure was not different between groups (0.1%, 77 ± 4 vs. 4.0% NaCl, 80 ± 3 mmHg). Likewise, the tension time indexes were not different between the two groups ( P = 0.42). Section of the L4 and L5 dorsal roots greatly attenuated both the pressor and cardioaccelerator responses to contraction in both groups of rats, an effect showing that the responses were reflex in origin. Finally, electrical stimulation of the lumbar sympathetic chain produced similar increases in mean arterial pressure and decreases in femoral arterial blood flow and conductance between rats fed 0.1% vs. 4.0% NaCl diets. We conclude that increased dietary salt enhances the exercise pressor reflex.

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