scholarly journals Immune Response to Full-Length Dystrophin Delivered to Dmd Muscle by a High-Capacity Adenoviral Vector

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soyoung C. Gilchrist ◽  
Martin P. Ontell ◽  
Stefan Kochanek ◽  
Paula R. Clemens
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Adenoviral Vector ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Full Length

An Adenoviral Vector Encoding Full-Length Dectin-1 Promotes Aspergillus-Induced Innate Immune Response in Macrophages

Lung ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 193 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Xia ◽  
Wen-Kui Sun ◽  
Ming-Ming Tan ◽  
Yuan Ding ◽  
Zhi-Cheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Adenoviral Vector ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Full Length

Increased tumor localization and reduced immune response to adenoviral vector formulated with the liposome DDAB/DOPE

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 398-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason C. Steel ◽  
Heather M.A. Cavanagh ◽  
Mark A. Burton ◽  
Mones S. Abu-Asab ◽  
Maria Tsokos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Adenoviral Vector ◽  
Tumor Localization

scholarly journals A Novel High-Potency Tetanus Vaccine

mBio ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Przedpelski ◽  
William H. Tepp ◽  
Sabine Pellett ◽  
Eric A. Johnson ◽  
Joseph T. Barbieri
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Tetanus Toxoid ◽  
Tetanus Toxin ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tetanus Vaccine ◽  
Outbred Mice

ABSTRACT Chemically inactivated tetanus toxoid (CITT) is clinically effective and widely used. However, CITT is a crude nonmalleable vaccine that contains hundreds of Clostridium tetani proteins, and the active component is present in variable and sometimes minor percentages of vaccine mass. Recombinant production of a genetically inactivated tetanus vaccine offers an opportunity to replace and improve the current tetanus vaccine. Previous studies showed the feasibility of engineering full-length tetanus toxin (TT) in Escherichia coli. In the present study, full-length TT was engineered with eight individual amino acid mutations (8MTT) to inactivate catalysis, translocation, and host receptor-binding functions, retaining 99.4% amino acid identity to native tetanus toxin. 8MTT purified as a 150-kDa single-chain protein, which trypsin nicked to a 100-kDa heavy chain and 50-kDa light chain. The 8MTT was not toxic for outbred mice and was >50 million-fold less toxic than native TT. Relative to CITT, 8MTT vaccination elicited a strong immune response and showed good vaccine potency against TT challenge. The strength of the immune response to both vaccines varied among individual outbred mice. These data support 8MTT as a candidate vaccine against tetanus and a malleable candidate conjugate vaccine platform to enhance the immune response to polysaccharides and other macromolecular molecules to facilitate a rapid response to emerging microbial pathogens. IMPORTANCE Chemical inactivation is a clinically effective mechanism to detoxify protein toxins to produce vaccines against microbial infections and to serve as a platform for production of conjugate polysaccharide vaccines. This method is widely used for the production of protein toxin vaccines, including tetanus toxoid. However, chemical modification alters the protein structure with unknown effects on antigenicity. Here, a recombinant full-length tetanus toxin (TT) is engineered with 8 mutations (8MTT) that inactivate three toxin functions: catalysis, translocation, and receptor binding. 8MTT is nontoxic and elicits a potent immune response in outbred mice. 8MTT also represents a malleable platform for the production of conjugate vaccines, which can facilitate a rapid vaccine response against emerging microbial pathogens.

scholarly journals Breast Tumor Cells Highly Resistant to Drugs Are Controlled Only by the Immune Response Induced in an Immunocompetent Mouse Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 153473541984804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Lasso ◽  
Mónica Llano Murcia ◽  
Tito Alejandro Sandoval ◽  
Claudia Urueña ◽  
Alfonso Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Main Element ◽  
In Vivo Models

Background: The tumor cells responsible for metastasis are highly resistant to chemotherapy and have characteristics of stem cells, with a high capacity for self-regeneration and the use of detoxifying mechanisms that participate in drug resistance. In vivo models of highly resistant cells allow us to evaluate the real impact of the immune response in the control of cancer. Materials and Methods: A tumor population derived from the 4T1 breast cancer cell line that was stable in vitro and highly aggressive in vivo was obtained, characterized, and determined to exhibit cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotypes (CD44+, CD24+, ALDH+, Oct4+, Nanog+, Sox2+, and high self-renewal capacity). Orthotopic transplantation of these cells allowed us to evaluate their in vivo susceptibility to chemo and immune responses induced after vaccination. Results: The immune response induced after vaccination with tumor cells treated with doxorubicin decreased the formation of tumors and macrometastasis in this model, which allowed us to confirm the immune response relevance in the control of highly chemotherapy-resistant ALDH+ CSCs in an aggressive tumor model in immunocompetent animals. Conclusions: The antitumor immune response was the main element capable of controlling tumor progression as well as metastasis in a highly chemotherapy-resistant aggressive breast cancer model.

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