The Contactin-Related Protein FAR-2 Defines Purkinje Cell Clusters and Labels Subpopulations of Climbing Fibers in the Developing Cerebellum

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonius Plagge ◽  
Luzie Sendtner-Voelderndorff ◽  
Pinar Sirim ◽  
Jörg Freigang ◽  
Christoph Rader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Purkinje Cell ◽  
Climbing Fibers ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Cell Clusters ◽  
Developing Cerebellum

scholarly journals The rich get richer: synaptic remodeling between climbing fibers and Purkinje cells in the developing cerebellum begins with positive feedback addition of synapses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Michelle Wilson ◽  
Richard Schalek ◽  
Adi Suissa-Peleg ◽  
Thouis Ray Jones ◽  
Seymour Knowles-Barley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Purkinje Cell ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Climbing Fiber ◽  
Climbing Fibers ◽  
List Type ◽  
Developing Cerebellum ◽  
Serial Electron Microscopy

SUMMARYDuring postnatal development, cerebellar climbing fibers strongly innervate a subset of their original Purkinje cell targets and eliminate their connections from the rest. In the adult, each climbing fiber innervates a small number of Purkinje cells and each Purkinje cell is innervated by a single climbing fiber. To get insight about the processes responsible for this remapping, we reconstructed serial electron microscopy datasets from mice during the first postnatal week. In contrast to adult connectivity, individual neonatal climbing fibers innervate many nearby Purkinje cells, and multiple climbing fibers innervate each Purkinje cell. Between postnatal days 3 and 7, Purkinje cells retract long dendrites and grow many proximal dendritic processes. On this changing landscape, individual climbing fibers selectively add many synapses to a subset of Purkinje cell targets in a positive-feedback manner, without pruning synapses from other Purkinje cells. The active zone sizes of synapses associated with powerful versus weak inputs are indistinguishable. These results show that changes in synapse number rather than synapse size are the predominant form of early developmental plasticity. Finally, although multiple climbing fibers innervate each Purkinje cell in early postnatal development, the number of climbing fibers and Purkinje cells in a local cerebellar region nearly match. Thus, initial over-innervation of Purkinje cells by climbing fibers is economical, in that the number of axons entering a region is enough to assure that each axon ends up with a postsynaptic target, and that none branched there in vain.HIGHLIGHTSDeveloping climbing fibers establish synapses on many neighboring Purkinje cells unlike the sparse pattern of innervation in later lifeClimbing fibers add many synapses onto a few of their Purkinje targets before the pruning stage in a rich-get-richer type processThe synapse sizes of strengthened and weakened climbing fiber inputs are indistinguishable.Exuberant branching of climbing fiber axons in early postnatal life appears to be economical because the numbers of axons and Purkinje cells in a local region match, ensuring that each axon can establish a long-lasting connection thereBLURBHigh-resolution serial electron microscopy reconstructions reveal that climbing fiber-Purkinje cell synaptic refinement in the developing cerebellum begins with significant synapse addition. Climbing fibers focus their synapses onto a smaller number of Purkinje cells by selectively adding synapses onto some target cells. All axons that project to a region in development play a role in the final connectivity.

The role of climbing fibers in the development of Purkinje cell dendrites

1975 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 301-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saburo Kawaguchi ◽  
Tetsuro Yamamoto ◽  
Noboru Mizuno ◽  
Nobuharu Iwahori
Keyword(s):  
Purkinje Cell ◽  
Climbing Fibers ◽  
Purkinje Cell Dendrites

Developmental Changes in Evoked Purkinje Cell Complex Spike Responses

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 2349-2357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Nicholson ◽  
John H. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Motor Learning ◽  
Purkinje Cell ◽  
Inferior Olive ◽  
Cell Complex ◽  
Climbing Fibers ◽  
Somatosensory Stimulation ◽  
Complex Spike ◽  
Long Latency ◽  
Inhibitory Feedback ◽  
Complex Spikes

The development of synaptic interconnections between the cerebellum and inferior olive, the sole source of climbing fibers, could contribute to the ontogeny of certain forms of motor learning (e.g., eyeblink conditioning). Purkinje cell complex spikes are produced exclusively by climbing fibers and exhibit short- and long-latency activity in response to somatosensory stimulation. Previous studies have demonstrated that evoked short- and long-latency complex spikes generally occur on separate trials and that this response segregation is regulated by inhibitory feedback to the inferior olive. The present experiment tested the hypothesis that complex spikes evoked by periorbital stimulation are regulated by inhibitory feedback from the cerebellum and that this feedback develops between postnatal days (PND) 17 and 24. Recordings from individual Purkinje cell complex spikes in urethan-anesthetized rats indicated that the segregation of short- and long-latency evoked complex spike activity emerges between PND17 and PND24. In addition, infusion of picrotoxin, a GABAA-receptor antagonist, into the inferior olive abolished the response pattern segregation in PND24 rats, producing evoked complex spike response patterns similar to those characteristic of younger rats. These data support the view that cerebellar feedback to the inferior olive, which is exclusively inhibitory, undergoes substantial changes in the same developmental time window in which certain forms of motor learning emerge.

scholarly journals Common Origin of the Cerebellar Dual Somatotopic Areas Revealed by Tracking Embryonic Purkinje Cell Clusters with Birthdate Tagging

eNeuro ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. ENEURO.0251-20.2020
Author(s):  
Khoa Tran-Anh ◽  
Jingyun Zhang ◽  
Viet Tuan Nguyen-Minh ◽  
Hirofumi Fujita ◽  
Tatsumi Hirata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Purkinje Cell ◽  
Common Origin ◽  
Cell Clusters

scholarly journals Time constraints and positional cues in the developing cerebellum regulate Purkinje cell placement in the cortical architecture

2008 ◽  
Vol 317 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Carletti ◽  
Ian Martin Williams ◽  
Ketty Leto ◽  
Kazunori Nakajima ◽  
Lorenzo Magrassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Purkinje Cell ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Cell Placement ◽  
Developing Cerebellum ◽  
Cortical Architecture

scholarly journals The Theories of Gerbrandus Jelgersma (1859–1942) on the Function of the Cerebellum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Voogd
Keyword(s):  
Purkinje Cell ◽  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Mossy Fiber ◽  
Parallel Fiber ◽  
Climbing Fibers ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Superior Cerebellar Peduncle ◽  
Fiber System ◽  
Coordination System ◽  
Cerebellar Peduncle

AbstractGerbrandus Jelgersma published extensively on the (pathological) anatomy of the cerebellum between 1886 and 1934. Based on his observations on the double innervation of the Purkinje cells, he formulated a hypothesis on the function of the cerebellum. Both afferent systems of the cerebellum, the mossy fiber-parallel fiber system and the climbing fibers terminate on the Purkinje cell dendrites. According to Jelgersma, the mossy fiber-parallel fiber system is derived from the pontine nuclei and the inferior olive, and would transmit the movement images derived from the cerebral cortex. Spinocerebellar climbing fibers would transmit information about the execution of the movement. When the Purkinje cell compares these inputs and notices a difference between instruction and execution, it sends a correction through the descending limb of the superior cerebellar peduncle to the anterior horn cells. Jelgersma postulates that this cerebro-cerebellar coordination system shares plasticity with other nervous connections because nerve cell dendritic protrusions possess what he called amoeboid mobility: dendritic protrusions can be extended or retracted and are so able to create new connections or to abolish them. Jelgersma’s theories are discussed against the background of more recent theories of cerebellar function that, similarly, are based on the double innervation of the Purkinje cells. The amoeboid hypothesis is traced to its roots in the late nineteenth century.

scholarly journals Postsynaptic P/Q-type Ca2+ channel in Purkinje cell mediates synaptic competition and elimination in developing cerebellum

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (24) ◽  
pp. 9987-9992 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hashimoto ◽  
M. Tsujita ◽  
T. Miyazaki ◽  
K. Kitamura ◽  
M. Yamazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Purkinje Cell ◽  
Synaptic Competition ◽  
Developing Cerebellum
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