Biomass of Arboreal Lichens and its Vertical Distribution in a Boreal Coniferous Forest in Central Finland

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunjiang Liu ◽  
Hannu Ilvesniemi ◽  
Car J. Westman
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hypogymnia Physodes ◽  
Pseudevernia Furfuracea ◽  
Individual Trees

AbstractThe biomass of lichens and its vertical distribution on trees were investigated in a > 100-year-old boreal forest in central Finland. The lichen biomass on individual trees was 1292–3669 g tree−1 on Picea abies and 742 g tree −1 on Pinus sylvestris. More than half of the biomass occurred on dead branches. The proportion of Hypogymnia physodes appeared to rise with the canopy height while the other lichens (Platismatia glauca, Bryoria spp. and Pseudevernia furfuracea) decreased. Mean total lichen biomass for sampled trees on an aerial basis was 163 gm −2. The standing crop of litter lichen deposited on ground was about9 gm −2.

Effects of shading and humus fertility on growth, competition, and ectomycorrhizal colonization of boreal forest tree seedlings

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2573-2586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Dehlin ◽  
Marie-Charlotte Nilsson ◽  
David A Wardle ◽  
Anna Shevtsova
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Colonization

We performed a pot experiment to study the effects of varying levels of vegetation shade and humus fertility, simulating natural conditions of the boreal forest, on growth, interspecific competition, and ectomycorrhizal colonization of seedlings of three coexisting tree species: Pinus sylvestris L., Picea abies (L.) Karst., and Betula pendula Roth. In contrast to late-successional Picea abies, early-successional species Pinus sylvestris and particularly B. pendula responded to shade with an increase in stem height and with some changes in biomass, especially in the high-fertility humus. Humus fertility had greater effects on biomass of seedlings than did shade treatments. Interspecific competition among pairwise combinations of the three species was greatest in the high-fertility humus, but was not affected by shade. Betula pendula was the strongest competitor among species; it was not affected by the presence of coexisting species and strongly suppressed coniferous seedlings, especially in the high-fertility humus. Generally, ectomycorrhizal colonization was not affected by shade treatments, but was highest in the low-fertility humus. These results show that effects of light, humus fertility, and presence of neighbours are species specific, and these differences are important for the competitive and recruitment abilities of seedlings of coexisting tree species and ultimately for the species composition of developing forests.

A new Ophiostoma species associated with bark beetles infesting Norway spruce

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Kirschner ◽  
F Oberwinkler
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Conidial Development

During a survey of fungi associated with bark beetles in Germany, an undescribed species of Ophiostoma was isolated that differs from the other species of the genus by having pigmented, aseptate, convergent ostiolar hyphae, cucullate, sheathed ascospores, and a Hyalorhinocladiella anamorph. The species is described as Ophiostoma neglectum Kirschner & Oberwinkler. It is rarely associated with primary bark beetles but often associated with secondary bark beetles mainly infesting Norway spruce.Key words: Ophiostoma neglectum, Hyalorhinocladiella, secondary bark beetles, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, conidial development.

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