Role of the Local Renin–angiotensin System in Cardiac Damage: a Minireview Focussing on Transgenic Animal Models

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1455-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bader
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Transgenic Animal ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Transgenic Animal Models

Involvement of the renin–angiotensin system in abdominal and thoracic aortic aneurysms

2012 ◽  
Vol 123 (9) ◽  
pp. 531-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Lu ◽  
Debra L. Rateri ◽  
Dennis Bruemmer ◽  
Lisa A. Cassis ◽  
Alan Daugherty
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Aortic Rupture ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms

Aortic aneurysms are relatively common maladies that may lead to the devastating consequence of aortic rupture. AAAs (abdominal aortic aneurysms) and TAAs (thoracic aortic aneurysms) are two common forms of aneurysmal diseases in humans that appear to have distinct pathologies and mechanisms. Despite this divergence, there are numerous and consistent demonstrations that overactivation of the RAS (renin–angiotensin system) promotes both AAAs and TAAs in animal models. For example, in mice, both AAAs and TAAs are formed during infusion of AngII (angiotensin II), the major bioactive peptide in the RAS. There are many proposed mechanisms by which the RAS initiates and perpetuates aortic aneurysms, including effects of AngII on a diverse array of cell types and mediators. These experimental findings are complemented in humans by genetic association studies and retrospective analyses of clinical data that generally support a role of the RAS in both AAAs and TAAs. Given the lack of a validated pharmacological therapy for any form of aortic aneurysm, there is a pressing need to determine whether the consistent findings on the role of the RAS in animal models are translatable to humans afflicted with these diseases. The present review compiles the recent literature that has shown the RAS as a critical component in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysms.

scholarly journals (Pro)renin receptor and V-ATPase: from Drosophila to humans

2013 ◽  
Vol 126 (8) ◽  
pp. 529-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Rousselle ◽  
Gabin Sihn ◽  
Martijn Rotteveel ◽  
Michael Bader
Keyword(s):  
Gene Deletion ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Transgenic Animal ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Transgenic Animal Models ◽  
Canonical Wnt

A decade ago, the (P)RR [(pro)renin receptor] was discovered and depicted as a potential activator of the tissue renin–angiotensin system. For this reason, the role of the (P)RR in cardiovascular diseases and diabetes has been particularly studied. However, the discovery of embryonic lethality after (P)RR gene deletion in mouse and zebrafish paved the way for additional roles of (P)RR in cell homoeostasis. Indeed, the (P)RR has been shown to associate with vacuolar H+-ATPase, hence its other name ATP6ap2. Developmental studies in Xenopus and Drosophila have revealed an essential role of this association to promote the canonical and non-canonical Wnt signalling pathways, whereas studies with tissue-specific gene deletion have pointed out a role in autophagy. The present review aims to summarize recent findings on the cellular functions of (P)RR emerging from various mutated and transgenic animal models.

The role of the renin-angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Ю.Н. Быков ◽  
Н.А. Тетюшкин ◽  
В.А. Чипизубов ◽  
А.Н. Калягин ◽  
С.Ю. Лаврик
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Dopamine Level ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

Введение. В настоящее время в научной литературе имеется большой объем данных, посвященных болезни Паркинсона. В то же время недостаточно освещена роль ренин-ангиотензиновой системы (РАС) в патогенезе заболевания. Цель - оценка современных патогенетически обоснованных подходов к терапии болезни Паркинсона. Методика. В базах данных Medline (PubMed) и eLibrary осуществлен подбор и анализ современных источников литературы, посвященных изучению роли ренин-ангиотензиновой системы в патогенезе болезни Паркинсона. Результаты. Болезнь Паркинсона является хроническим нейродегенеративным заболеванием, которое проявляется моторными и немоторными нарушениями. Анализ литературы показал, что помимо системной ренин-ангиотензиновой системы во многих тканях и органах имеется локальная РАС. Авторами было показано, что дофамин и ангиотензин II взаимодействуют в черной субстанции (SN) и стриатуме в реципрокном отношении. В модельных экспериментах на животных доказано, что снижение уровней дофамина сопровождается гиперактивацией ренин-ангиотензиновой системы. При этом так же отмечается выброс активных форм кислорода, индуцируемый микроглиальной тканью, и развитие нейровоспаления, что сопровождается нейродегенерацией. Применение блокаторов ангиотензиновых рецепторов в моделях на животных и в клинических испытаниях позволило значительно снизить прогрессирование нейродегенерации черной субстанции. Заключение. Авторами изложены результаты, свидетельствующие о том, что развитие болезни Паркинсона сопровождается гиперактивацией мозговой РАС. Подразумевается, что на новое звено патогенеза можно терапевтически воздействовать. Необходимы дополнительные исследования для понимания механизмов данных процессов. Background. A large amount of literature on Parkinson’s disease is currently available. However, the role of the renin-angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of this disease is not sufficiently covered. Aim. To highlight new therapeutic possibilities based on pathophysiological mechanisms of Parkinson’s disease. Methods. The literature retrieved from the PubMed, Medline, and eLibrary databases focusing on the role of the renin-angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease was analyzed. Results. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease associated with persistent neurological disorders. Studies have demonstrated that a local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) exists in many tissues and organs along with the systemic RAS. The authors showed that dopamine and angiotensin II interact reciprocally in the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum. In animal models, a decrease in the dopamine level was accompanied by RAS overactivation. Furthermore, microglial tissue induced production of reactive oxygen species, which was associated with neuroinflammation. The angiotensin receptor blocker treatment used in animal models and clinical trials significantly reduced the progression of SN neurodegeneration. Conclusions. The authors reviewed the data of literature demonstrating that the progression of Parkinson’s disease is associated with overactivation of the cerebral RAS. Apparently, it is possible to influence therapeutically this new pathogenetic component of Parkinson’s disease. Further study is required for understanding the mechanisms of this process.

Role of genetic variability in the renin-angiotensin system in diabetic and nondiabetic renal disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 580-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold Boonstra ◽  
Dick de Zeeuw ◽  
Paul E. de Jong ◽  
Gerjan Navis
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

The Renin Angiotensin System and Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 520-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Guimarães Barbosa ◽  
Giulia Campos Ferreira ◽  
Diomildo Ferreira Andrade Júnior ◽  
Cássio Rocha Januário ◽  
André Rolim Belisário ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Angiotensin Receptors ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Search Terms

Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a chronic a multifactorial psychiatric illness that affects mood, cognition, and functioning. BD is associated with several psychiatric conditions as well clinical comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular diseases. The neurobiology of BD is complex and multifactorial and several systems have been implicated. Considering that the Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases and that recently evidence has suggested its role in psychiatric disorders, the aim of the present study is to summarize and to discuss recent findings related to the modulation of RAS components in BD. A systematic search of the literature using the electronic databases MEDLINE and LILACS was conducted through March 2019. The search terms were: “Bipolar Disorder”; “Renin Angiotensin System”; “Angiotensin 2”; “Angiotensin receptors”; “Angiotensin 1-7”; “ACE”; “ACE2”; “Mas Receptor”. We included original studies assessing RAS in BD patients. Two hundred twenty-two citations were initially retrieved. Eleven studies were included in our systematic review. In the majority of studies (6 of 8), the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism did not differ between BD patients and controls. BD patients presented higher plasma renin activity in comparison with controls. The studies evaluating the RAS molecules in BD are very scarce and heterogeneous. The literature suggests a potential role of RAS in BD. Further studies are necessary to investigate this relationship.

The renin-angiotensin system in kidney development: role of COX-2 and adrenal steroids

2004 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Jensen ◽  
J. Stubbe ◽  
K. Madsen ◽  
F. T. Nielsen ◽  
O. Skott
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Development ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Adrenal Steroids ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Cox 2
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