Effect of Pollination Frequency and Pollen Concentration on Yield and Fruit Characteristics of Mechanically Pollinated Date Palm Trees (Phoenix dactyliferavar. Khalas)

1997 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Haffar ◽  
H. Al Juburi ◽  
M.H. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Pollen Concentration ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Palm Trees

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF INDIGENOUS AND FOREIGN POLLINIZERS ON THE YIELD AND FRUIT CHARACTERISTICS OF DATE PALM CULTIVAR KHALAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Munir & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Parthenocarpic Fruit ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Palm Trees

This research was carried out at Research and Training Station, Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia during 2017 and 2018 to investigate the effects of indigenous and foreign pollinizers on the yield and physicochemical fruit characteristics of date palm cv. Khalas. Pollen grains of different date palm male pollinizers were collected from different geological locations of Saudi Arabia and Egypt. Fifteen twelve-year-old date palm trees were selected for the experiment, for which five spathes for each palm were selected per replication. The experiment was laid out as a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates for each treatment. The findings of the present study showed significant differences among pollinizer sources. Female date palms pollinated with indigenous male pollen grains (Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia) exhibited superior results regarding fruit set percentage, parthenocarpic fruit percentage, tamar fruit percentage, fruit drop percentage, total number of fruit nodes per bunch, bunch weight, pulp weight, pulp ratio, seed ratio and pulp:seed ratio, fruit fresh weight, fruit dry weight, fruit length, fruit width, fruit volume, seed weight, seed length, seed width, fruit moisture content and total soluble solids. It is can be concluded that although the response to pollination and fertilization of date palm is species dependent, however, the indigenous cultivar Khalas was more responsive to the local male types than the foreign males for better fruit set, higher yield and best fruit quality traits.

scholarly journals 479 Fruit Characteristics and Productivity of Date Palm Trees (Phoenix dactylifera L.) as Affected by Some Growth Regulators

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 476E-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hameed J. Aljuburi ◽  
Hasan. Al-Masry ◽  
Saeed A. Al-Muhanna
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Palm Trees

Date palm trees are among the most plentiful fruit trees in the Arabian Gulf States. Bioregulators have been used for the improvement of quality and productivity of date plam tree fruits. Application of gibberellic acid (GA3), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and ethephon, separately or in a mixture, has significant effects on fruit set, fruit dry matter percentage, fruit soluble percentage, fruit ripening, and yield of date palm trees. A study was conducted to assess relative effectiveness of GA3, NAA, ethephon, and a mixture of growth regulators on some fruit characteristics, and productivity of `Barhee' date plam trees. Five uniform female `Barhee' date palm trees were pollinated on 5–15 Mar. 1994, 1995, and 1996 by placing eight fresh male strands on female spadix centers (flower cluster). Ten flower clusters were used on each tree, and every two flower clusters were subjected to one of the following treatments: control (water), 150 mg·L–1 GA3, 100 mg·L–1 NAA, 1000 mg·L–1 ethephon, and a mixture of growth regulators. The fruit set (%), dry matter (%), total soluble solids (°Brix), fruit ripening (%), and fruit weight (kg per bunch and per tree) were measured. The data showed that the application of GA3 or ethephon on flower clusters of `Barhee' date palm trees had no constant effect on fruit characteristics and productivity of trees. NAA or a mixture of growth regulators reduced fruit dry matter percentage, fruit ripening percentage, and increased fruit weight per bunch and per tree. Spraying `Barhee' date palm flower clusters with NAA or a mixture of growth regulators 20 days after pollination decreased dry matter percentage, fruit ripening, and increased fruit flesh percentage and tree yield.

scholarly journals Effects of Various Quantities of Three Irrigation Water Types on Yield and Fruit Quality of ‘Succary’ Date Palm

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 796
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Mattar ◽  
Said S. Soliman ◽  
Rashid S. Al-Obeed
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Water Types ◽  
Palm Trees

A field experiment was conducted on date palm trees (Phoenix dactylifera ‘Succary’) cultivated on sandy loam soil from 2017 to 2018. This study investigated the effects of providing water of three different qualities, namely freshwater (FR) and two saline water sources: reclaimed wastewater (RW) and well-water (WE) applied through three irrigation levels representing 50% (I50), 100% (I100), and 150% (I150) of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), on the soil water and salt distribution patterns, yield, water productivity (WP), and fruit quality of the ′Succary′ date palm. The electrical conductivity (ECw) of FR, RW, and WE were 0.18, 2.06, and 3.94 dS m−1, respectively. Results showed that WE applied by the I150 treatment had the highest soil water content, followed by RW used in the I100 irrigation level and FR with I50, whereas the soil salt content was high for WE applied in the I50 level and low for FR applied by the I150 treatment. Deficit irrigation (I50) of date palms with either RW or WE reduced date yields on average 86 kg per tree, whereas the yield increased under over-irrigation (I150) with FR to 123.25 kg per tree. High WP values were observed in the I50 treatments with FR, RW, or WE (on average 1.82, 1.68, and 1.67 kg m−3, respectively), whereas the I150 treatment with each of the three water types showed the lowest WP values. Fruit weight and size were the lowest in the full irrigation (I100) with WE, whereas the I150 treatment with RW showed the highest values. There were no significant differences in either total soluble solids (TSS) or acidity values when the irrigation level decreased from 100% to 50% ETc. Compared with both I50 and I100 treatments, reduced values of both TSS and acidity were observed in the I150 treatment when ECw decreased from 3.94 to 0.18 dS m−1,. Fruit moisture content decreased with the application of saline irrigation water (i.e., RW or WE). Total sugar and non-reducing sugar contents in fruits were found to be decreased in the combination of RW and I150, whereas the 50% ETc irrigation level caused an increment in both parameters. These results suggest that the application of deficit irrigation to date palm trees grown in arid regions, either with FR or without it, can sufficiently maximize WP and improve the quality of fruits but negatively affects yield, especially when saline water is applied. The use of saline water for irrigation may negatively affect plants because of salt accumulation in the soil in the long run.

EFFECTS OF REPLACING CEMENT BY DATE PALM TREES WASTES ON CONCRETE PERFORMANCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Salah Edeen Nassef ◽  
Kalifa Hamed AlMuqbali ◽  
Sheikha Mahmood Al Naqabi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Cement Content ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Tree Leaves ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
Sustainable Environment ◽  
Palm Trees

This paper was studying the effects of palm tree wastes on the behavior of the concrete to reduce cement content in the concrete to ensure a sustainable environment. Both fibers of palm tree and the ash of palm tree leaves are used in this study considering different percentages of palm tree wastes, which are replaced the cement, to investigate both of workability and strength of the concrete. Also, the combination of palm tree leaves ash and fibers of palm trees is investigated. The slump and compression tests are carried out to evaluate both workability and concrete strength. The palm fibers were reducing the workability of concrete at both of different percentage of replacement and different fiber lengths. The slump is reduced by 26.667% at 2 cm fibers length and it is completely lost at 5 cm length fibers at the same percentage of replacement of 5% of the cement content. The palm fibers were weakening concrete compressive strength at different percentages and different fiber lengths. Palm leaves ash was enhancing concrete workability and concrete compressive strength.

scholarly journals Date palm micropropagation: Advances and applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jameel Mohammed Al-Khayri ◽  
Poornananda Madhava Naik
Keyword(s):  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Adult Trees

ABSTRACT Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a fruit tree resilient to adverse climatic conditions predominating in hot arid regions of the Middle East and North Africa. The date fruit contains numerous chemical components that possess high nutritional and medicinal values. Traditional propagation by offshoots is inefficient to satisfy current demands for date palm trees. Alternatively, micropropagation provides an efficient means for large-scale propagation of date palm cultivars. Both somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis, either directly or indirectly though the callus phase, have been demonstrated in date palm in vitro regeneration. Culture initiation commonly utilizes shoot-tip explants isolated from young offshoots. Recently, the immature inflorescences of adult trees were utilized as an alternative nondestructive source of explants. In addition to the nature of the explant used, successful plant regeneration depends on the cultivar, composition of the culture medium and physical status. Challenges of date palm micropropagation include long in vitro cycle, latent contamination, browning, somaclonal variation as well as ex vitro acclimatization and transplanting. A remarkable amount of research investigating these factors has led to optimized protocols for the micropropagation of numerous commercially important cultivars. This has encouraged the development of several international commercial tissue culture laboratories. Molecular characterization provides an assurance of genetic conformity of regenerated plantlets, a key feature for commercial production. This article describes date palm micropropagation protocols and also discusses recent achievements with respect to somaclonal variation, molecular markers, cryopreservation and future prospects.

scholarly journals Exogenous Application of Melatonin and Methyl Jasmonate as a Pre-Harvest Treatment Enhances Growth of Barhi Date Palm Trees, Prolongs Storability, and Maintains Quality of Their Fruits under Storage Conditions

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Waleed M. E. Fekry ◽  
Younes M. Rashad ◽  
Ibrahim A. Alaraidh ◽  
Taha Mehany
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dense Layer ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Dual Treatment

Fresh date palm fruits (cv. Barhi) have received much attention due to their sweet taste and popularity in marketing. There is a critical need to prolong their storability, as well as maintain their quality during the postharvest and marketing periods. In this study, the effects of spraying date palm trees with melatonin (Mt) and/or methyl jasmonate (Mj) at 10, 20, and 50 ppm, on their growth and yield were investigated. In addition, impacts on quality and storability of the fruits were also studied. In general, application of Mt was mostly more effective than that of Mj, even at 50 ppm, with regard to all evaluated parameters. However, the dual treatment at 50 ppm recorded the highest relative chlorophyll and nutrient content in date palm leaves, as well as the yield and its components. Regarding the date palm fruits stored at 4 °C for 28 days, this dual treatment recorded the lowest weight loss and fruit decay values (0.14 and 2%, respectively), the highest firmness (6 g·cm−2), total soluble solids content (36 °Brix), total sugar content (32.5 g/100 g fresh weight), and the lowest total acidity (0.16 g citric acid/100 mL juice). Moreover, the highest total phenolic content and activity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes in the stored fruits were also recorded for the dual treatment. In contrast to the untreated fruits, scanning electron microscopy observations showed that the sprayed fruits had a very good microstructure, showing intact and thick exocarp tissue with a dense layer of epicuticular wax. The mesocarp tissue showed a normal and clear cellular framework with well organized and arranged cells, after 28 days storage at 4 °C. Based on these results, we can conclude that application of the dual treatment (Mt + Mj) at 50 ppm is a promising way to prolong the storability of date palm fruits and maintain their quality during storage periods.

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