Pathogenesis and immune response in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) parr experimentally infected with salmon pancreas disease virus (SPDV)

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Desvignes ◽  
C. Quentel ◽  
F. Lamour ◽  
A. Le Ven
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Pancreas Disease ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Salmon Pancreas Disease Virus

scholarly journals Salmon Pancreas Disease Virus, an Alphavirus Infecting Farmed Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar L.

Virology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 256 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan H. Weston ◽  
Michael D. Welsh ◽  
Marian F. McLoughlin ◽  
Daniel Todd
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Pancreas Disease ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmon Pancreas Disease Virus

scholarly journals The Analysis of Live-Attenuated Piscirickettsia salmonis Vaccine Reveals the Short-Term Upregulation of Innate and Adaptive Immune Genes in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar): An In Situ Open-Sea Cages Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
Deborah Vargas ◽  
Eva Vallejos-Vidal ◽  
Sebastián Reyes-Cerpa ◽  
Aarón Oyarzún-Arrau ◽  
Claudio Acuña-Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccine ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Piscirickettsia Salmonis

Piscirickettsia salmonis, the etiological agent of the Salmon Rickettsial Septicemia (SRS), is one the most serious health problems for the Chilean salmon industry. Typical antimicrobial strategies used against P. salmonis include antibiotics and vaccines, but these applications have largely failed. A few years ago, the first attenuated-live vaccine against SRS (ALPHA JECT LiVac® SRS vaccine) was released to the market. However, there is no data about the agents involved in the activation of the immune response induced under field conditions. Therefore, in this study we evaluated the expression profile of a set of gene markers related to innate and adaptive immunity in the context of a cellular response in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) reared under productive farm conditions and immunized with a live-attenuated vaccine against P. salmonis. We analyzed the expression at zero, 5-, 15- and 45-days post-vaccination (dpv). Our results reveal that the administration of the attenuated live SRS LiVac vaccine induces a short-term upregulation of the cellular-mediated immune response at 5 dpv modulated by the upregulation of ifnα, ifnγ, and the cd4 and cd8α T cell surface markers. In addition, we also registered the upregulation of il-10 and tgfβ. Altogether, the results suggest that a balanced activation of the immune response took place only at early times post-vaccination (5 dpv). The scope of this short-term upregulation of the cellular-mediated immune response against a natural outbreak in fish subjected to productive farm conditions deserves further research.

scholarly journals Serum enolase: a non-destructive biomarker of white skeletal myopathy during pancreas disease (PD) in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 821-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Braceland ◽  
M F McLoughlin ◽  
J Tinsley ◽  
C Wallace ◽  
D Cockerill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Pancreas Disease ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Skeletal Myopathy ◽  
Non Destructive

scholarly journals Comparison of Two Aquatic Alphaviruses, Salmon Pancreas Disease Virus and Sleeping Disease Virus, by Using Genome Sequence Analysis, Monoclonal Reactivity, and Cross-Infection

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 6155-6163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Weston ◽  
Stéphane Villoing ◽  
Michel Brémont ◽  
Jeanette Castric ◽  
Martin Pfeffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Antigenic Variation ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Virus Species ◽  
Pancreas Disease ◽  
Equine Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Salmon Pancreas Disease Virus

ABSTRACT Cell culture isolates of salmon pancreas disease virus (SPDV) of farmed Atlantic salmon and sleeping disease virus (SDV) of rainbow trout were compared. Excluding the poly(A) tracts, the genomic nucleotide sequences of SPDV and SDV RNAs include 11,919 and 11,900 nucleotides, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis places SPDV and SDV between the New World viruses of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and Eastern equine encephalitis virus and the Old World viruses of Aura virus and Sindbis virus. When compared to each other, SPDV and SDV show 91.1% nucleotide sequence identity over their complete genomes, with 95 and 93.6% amino acid identities over their nonstructural and structural proteins, respectively. Notable differences between the two viruses include a 24-nucleotide insertion in the C terminus of nsP3 protein of SPDV and amino acid sequence variation at the C termini of the capsid and E1 proteins. Experimental infections of Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout with SPDV and SDV confirmed that the disease lesions induced by SPDV and SDV were similar in nature. Although infections with SPDV and SDV produced similar levels of histopathology in rainbow trout, SDV induced significantly less severe lesions in salmon than did SPDV. Virus neutralization tests performed with sera from experimentally infected salmon indicated that SPDV and SDV belonged to the same serotype; however, antigenic variation was detected among SDV and geographically different SPDV isolates by using monoclonal antibodies. Although SPDV and SDV exhibit minor biological differences, we conclude on the basis of the close genetic similarity that SPDV and SDV are closely related isolates of the same virus species for which the name Salmonid alphavirus is proposed.

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