Experimental Spinal Cord Injury: Wallerian Degeneration in the Dorsal Column Is Followed by Revascularization, Glial Proliferation, and Nerve Regeneration

1997 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyin Zhang ◽  
Lloyd Guth
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Wallerian Degeneration ◽  
Dorsal Column ◽  
Glial Proliferation ◽  
Experimental Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Wallerian degeneration in cervical spinal cord tracts is commonly seen in routine T2-weighted MRI after traumatic spinal cord injury and is associated with impairment in a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Fischer ◽  
Christoph Stern ◽  
Patrick Freund ◽  
Martin Schubert ◽  
Reto Sutter
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Wallerian Degeneration ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Corticospinal Tract ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Dorsal Column ◽  
Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spinothalamic Tract ◽  
Cord Injury

Abstract Objectives Wallerian degeneration (WD) is a well-known process after nerve injury. In this study, occurrence of remote intramedullary signal changes, consistent with WD, and its correlation with clinical and neurophysiological impairment were assessed after traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI). Methods In 35 patients with tSCI, WD was evaluated by two radiologists on T2-weighted images of serial routine MRI examinations of the cervical spine. Dorsal column (DC), lateral corticospinal tract (CS), and lateral spinothalamic tract (ST) were the analyzed anatomical regions. Impairment scoring according to the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS, A–D) as well as a scoring system (0–4 points) for motor evoked potential (MEP) and sensory evoked potential (SEP) was included. Mann-Whitney U test was used to test for differences. Results WD in the DC occurred in 71.4% (n = 25), in the CS in 57.1% (n = 20), and in 37.1% (n = 13) in the ST. With WD present, AIS grades were worse for all tracts. DC: median AIS B vs D, p < 0.001; CS: B vs D, p = 0.016; and ST: B vs D, p = 0.015. More pathological MEP scores correlated with WD in the DC (median score 0 vs 3, p < 0.001) and in the CS (0 vs 2, p = 0.032). SEP scores were lower with WD in the DC only (1 vs 2, p = 0.031). Conclusions WD can be detected on T2-weighted scans in the majority of cervical spinal cord injury patients and should be considered as a direct effect of the trauma. When observed, it is associated with higher degree of impairment. Key Points • Wallerian degeneration is commonly seen in routine MRI after traumatic spinal cord injury. • Wallerian degeneration is visible in the anatomical regions of the dorsal column, the lateral corticospinal tract, and the lateral spinothalamic tract. • Presence of Wallerian degeneration is associated with higher degree of impairment.

Apoptotic Cells Associated with Wallerian Degeneration After Experimental Spinal Cord Injury: A Possible Mechanism of Oligodendroglial Death

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 945-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOSHINORI ABE ◽  
TEIJI YAMAMOTO ◽  
YASUJI SUGIYAMA ◽  
TAKAKO WATANABE ◽  
NAOSHI SAITO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Wallerian Degeneration ◽  
Apoptotic Cells ◽  
Experimental Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Local Serpin Treatment via Chitosan-Collagen Hydrogel after Spinal Cord Injury Reduces Tissue Damage and Improves Neurologic Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek M. Kwiecien ◽  
Liqiang Zhang ◽  
Jordan R. Yaron ◽  
Lauren N. Schutz ◽  
Christian J. Kwiecien-Delaney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Dorsal Column ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Sustained Delivery ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in massive secondary damage characterized by a prolonged inflammation with phagocytic macrophage invasion and tissue destruction. In prior work, sustained subdural infusion of anti-inflammatory compounds reduced neurological deficits and reduced pro-inflammatory cell invasion at the site of injury leading to improved outcomes. We hypothesized that implantation of a hydrogel loaded with an immune modulating biologic drug, Serp-1, for sustained delivery after crush-induced SCI would have an effective anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effect. Rats with dorsal column SCI crush injury, implanted with physical chitosan-collagen hydrogels (CCH) had severe granulomatous infiltration at the site of the dorsal column injury, which accumulated excess edema at 28 days post-surgery. More pronounced neuroprotective changes were observed with high dose (100 µg/50 µL) Serp-1 CCH implanted rats, but not with low dose (10 µg/50 µL) Serp-1 CCH. Rats treated with Serp-1 CCH implants also had improved motor function up to 20 days with recovery of neurological deficits attributed to inhibition of inflammation-associated tissue damage. In contrast, prolonged low dose Serp-1 infusion with chitosan did not improve recovery. Intralesional implantation of hydrogel for sustained delivery of the Serp-1 immune modulating biologic offers a neuroprotective treatment of acute SCI.

scholarly journals Effects of zileuton and montelukast in mouse experimental spinal cord injury

2008 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Genovese ◽  
A Rossi ◽  
E Mazzon ◽  
R Di Paola ◽  
C Muià ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Experimental Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cord Injury
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