Accumulation of WGA Receptors in the Cleavage Furrow during Cytokinesis of Sea Urchin Eggs

1997 ◽  
Vol 236 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyoshi Yoshigaki
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Cleavage Furrow ◽  
Sea Urchin Eggs

Isolation of the Cleavage Furrow from Dividing Sea Urchin Eggs

1990 ◽  
Vol 582 (1 Cytokinesis) ◽  
pp. 318-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHIGENOBU YONEMURA ◽  
ISSEI MABUCHI ◽  
SCHOICHIRO TSUKITA
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Cleavage Furrow ◽  
Sea Urchin Eggs

Studies of the cleavage in the frog egg

Development ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-129
Author(s):  
T. Kubota
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Cleavage Furrow ◽  
Mitotic Apparatus ◽  
Animal Pole ◽  
Sea Urchin Eggs ◽  
Rana Nigromaculata ◽  
Vegetal Pole ◽  
Egg Cortex

In sea-urchin eggs, once karyokinesis reaches metaphase or anaphase, the cleavage furrow can be formed even if the mitotic apparatus is destroyed (Swann & Mitchison, 1953) or removed (Hiramoto, 1956). A similar result was obtained in frog eggs (Kubota, 1966). In amphibian eggs a much longer time is available for performing experiments than in sea urchins as the furrow first appears at the animal pole and slowly travels toward the vegetal pole. Taking advantage of this situation, Waddington (1952) and Dan & Kuno-Kojima (1963) performed various kinds of operations to elucidate the roles of the egg cortex and the inner cytoplasm in furrow formation, and Selman & Waddington (1955) also made cytological observations of the process. In the present paper a shift of the inner cytoplasm relative to the cortex and its influence on the course of the furrow was analysed for eggs of the frog Rana nigromaculata.

Mass Isolation of Cleavage Furrows from Dividing Sea Urchin Eggs

1991 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHIGENOBU YONEMURA ◽  
ISSEI MABUCHI ◽  
SHOICHIRO TSUKITA
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Polar Region ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Isolation Procedure ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Cleavage Furrow ◽  
Rhodamine Phalloidin ◽  
Sea Urchin Eggs ◽  
Mass Isolation

To develop a mass isolation procedure for the cleavage furrow from synchronized sea urchin eggs, we compared the stability of the cleavage furrow with that of the rest of the cortex (polar-region cortex) and the inner cytoplasm under various conditions using the rhodamine-phalloidin staining method. As a result, to remove the polar-region cortex and leave the cleavage furrow intact, it became clear that the type and concentration of detergent, the pH and Ca concentration of the isolation solution and the temperature were of critical importance, and that 0.04-0.1 % Nonidet P-40, pH 7.0-7.5, low calcium ion concentration and room temperature were optimal conditions. To solubilize the inner cytoplasm to release intact cleavage furrows, two factors, osmotic pressure and sea urchin species, were found to be important: 0.16 M glucose (or sucrose) was optimal, and we found Clypeaster japonicus to be the most appropriate. A shearing force, by gentle pipetting, was also required for furrow isolation. Taking these results into consideration, we have succeeded in developing a mass isolation procedure for cleavage furrow from C. japonicus. A total of 20–50 μg of protein of isolated cleavage furrow was recovered from 1 ml of packed dividing eggs. The structural integrity of the isolated cleavage furrow was well maintained and it was characterized by remnants of plasma membranes, actin filament meshwork including a contractile ring, and cytoplasmic vacuoles. Although the isolated furrow contained myosin II molecules, it showed no capability of in vitro reactivation.

On ‘the Stationary Surface Ring’ in Heart-Shaped Cleavage

1958 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 400-406
Author(s):  
KATSUMA DAN
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Mitotic Spindle ◽  
Cleavage Furrow ◽  
Sand Dollar ◽  
Animal Pole ◽  
Sea Urchin Eggs ◽  
Stationary Surface ◽  
Vegetal Pole

1. The eggs of the sand dollar, Astriclypeus manni, and the medusa, Spirocodon saltatrix, were used for the reason that they cleave in heart shape, the cleavage furrow appearing earlier at the animal than at the vegetal pole. 2. By the superposition of drawings showing contours and astral centres as well as the positions of carbon markers on the cell surface, the presence of a pair of stationary circular zones of the cortex can be demonstrated. These remain absolutely stationary through successive stages of cleavage, as was shown to be true of regularly cleaving sea-urchin eggs. 3. The two planes determined by this pair of stationary surface rings tilt toward each other on the animal pole side in linear proportion to the eccentricity of the mitotic spindle within the cell, and the loci of the astral centres tend to slant toward the animal pole. 4. The above phenomena can be explained by the previously proposed theory for heart-shaped cleavage; i.e. the primary cause of heart-shaped cleavage is the eccentric position of the spindle, which in turn causes the rotation of the asters and the bending of the spindle.

Three-dimensional Analysis of Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope Sections Reveals an Array of Microtubules in the Cleavage Furrow of Sea Urchin Eggs

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-275
Author(s):  
K. Larkin ◽  
M.V. Danilchik
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Recent Observation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cleavage Furrow ◽  
Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope ◽  
Acetylated Tubulin ◽  
Sea Urchin Eggs ◽  
Computer Aided Analysis

AbstractOur recent observation that microtubules (MTs) are required for completion of division (abscission) led us to analyze MT organization during cytokinesis. Although many studies of MTs in sea urchin eggs have been done, computer-aided analysis of optical sections described herein reveals a new MT assemblage, which we call furrow MTs. This assemblage comprises bundles of MTs that lie in the cleavage furrow. Furrow MTs become apparent when the furrow has progressed approximately one-third of the way through the egg and persist to abscission. Furrow MTs are 8–24-µm long and arc across the base of the cleavage furrow. Acetylated tubulin is localized primarily in the furrow suggesting a distinct MT population. Three-dimensional analysis of optical sections suggests that furrow MTs are spatially distinct from midbody and astral MTs.

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