Uncertainty of the Hazardous Concentration and Fraction Affected for Normal Species Sensitivity Distributions

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Aldenberg ◽  
Joanna S. Jaworska
Keyword(s):  
Species Sensitivity ◽  
Hazardous Concentration ◽  
Species Sensitivity Distributions

Species Sensitivity Distributions for Nonylphenol to Estimate Soil Hazardous Concentration

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (23) ◽  
pp. 13957-13966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Il Kwak ◽  
Jongmin Moon ◽  
Dokyung Kim ◽  
Rongxue Cui ◽  
Youn-Joo An
Keyword(s):  
Species Sensitivity ◽  
Hazardous Concentration ◽  
Species Sensitivity Distributions

scholarly journals Estimating species sensitivity distributions on the basis of readily obtainable descriptors and toxicity data for three species of algae, crustaceans, and fish

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10981
Author(s):  
Yuichi Iwasaki ◽  
Kiyan Sorgog
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Toxicity Data ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Species Sensitivity ◽  
Hazardous Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Species Sensitivity Distributions

Estimation of species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) is a crucial approach to predicting ecological risks and water quality benchmarks, but the amount of data required to implement this approach is a serious constraint on the application of SSDs to chemicals for which there are few or no toxicity data. The development of statistical models to directly estimate the mean and standard deviation (SD) of the logarithms of log-normally distributed SSDs has recently been proposed to overcome this problem. To predict these two parameters, we developed multiple linear regression models that included, in addition to readily obtainable descriptors, the mean and SD of the logarithms of the concentrations that are acutely toxic to one algal, one crustacean, and one fish species, as predictors. We hypothesized that use of the three species’ mean and SD would improve the accuracy of the predicted means and SDs of the logarithms of the SSDs. We derived SSDs for 60 chemicals based on quality-assured acute toxicity data. Forty-five of the chemicals were used for model fitting, and 15 for external validation. Our results supported previous findings that models developed on the basis of only descriptors such as log KOW had limited ability to predict the mean and SD of SSD (e.g., r2 = 0.62 and 0.49, respectively). Inclusion of the three species’ mean and SD, in addition to the descriptors, in the models markedly improved the predictions of the means and SDs of SSDs (e.g., r2 = 0.96 and 0.75, respectively). We conclude that use of the three species’ mean and SD is promising for more accurately estimating an SSD and thus the hazardous concentration for 5% of species in cases where limited ecotoxicity data are available.

scholarly journals Exposure pattern-specific species sensitivity distributions for the ecological risk assessments of insecticides.

2019 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Van den Brink ◽  
Daphne M. Buijert - de Gelder ◽  
Theo C.M. Brock ◽  
Ivo Roessink ◽  
Andreas Focks
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Species Sensitivity ◽  
Exposure Pattern ◽  
Ecological Risk Assessments ◽  
Specific Species ◽  
Species Sensitivity Distributions

scholarly journals Calcifying Species Sensitivity Distributions for Ocean Acidification

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1495-1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligia B. Azevedo ◽  
An M. De Schryver ◽  
A. Jan Hendriks ◽  
Mark A. J. Huijbregts
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Species Sensitivity ◽  
Species Sensitivity Distributions

scholarly journals Comparative Aquatic Toxicity of Gold Nanoparticles and Ionic Gold Using a Species Sensitivity Distribution Approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarryn L. Botha ◽  
Tanyn E. James ◽  
Victor Wepener
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Aquatic Toxicity ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Species Sensitivity Distribution ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Species Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Distribution ◽  
Hazardous Concentration ◽  
Toxic Potential ◽  
Ionic Gold

Gold nanoparticles (nAu) are used in drug delivery systems allowing for targeted cellular distribution. The effects of increased use and release of nanoparticles into the environment are not well known. A species sensitivity distribution (SSD) allows for the ecotoxicological hazard assessment of a chemical based on single species toxicity tests. Aquatic toxicity needs to be related to particle characterization in order to understand the effects. The behaviour of nAu in the medium changed as the concentration increased. The toxic potential of ionic gold and nAu was expressed as a hazardous concentration where 5% of species will be harmed (HC5). The HC5 for nAu was much higher (42.78 mg/L) compared to the ionic gold (2.44 mg/L). The differences between the hazard potentials of nAu and ionic gold were attributed to the nAu not releasing any Au ions into solution during the exposures and following an aggregation theory response. Exposures to ionic gold on the other hand followed a clear dose dependent response based on the concentration of the ionic metal. Although SSDs present an indication of the relative hazard potential of nanoparticles, the true worth can only be achieved once other nanoparticle characteristics and their behavior in the environment are also considered.

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